Castor de Andrade
Encyclopedia
Castor Gonçalves de Andrade e Silva (1926 – April 11, 1997) was a well-known bicheiro in Rio de Janeiro
. Since the 1980s, Castor de Andrade was the uncontested leader of all the main bicheiros of the city of Rio de Janeiro, and had more than 100 policemen and a number of public servants, prominent politicians, and judges working for him. Castor was also very involved in the Brazilian Carnival
and in soccer—he was the major sponsor of Bangu Atlético Clube
and even called the "owner of Bangu", and he was also the patron of samba school
Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel
. He also helped found in 1984 the Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
, which has run the Rio de Janeiro Carnival ever since and has served as the legal cover for the "jogo do bicho cartel".
In 1993, Castor de Andrade and 13 other major bicheiros were arrested. They were each convicted to six years of prison, but Castor obtained a habeas corpus
and was released in the same year. In March 1994, a subsequent operation managed to break Castor's stronghold. Documents revealed the names of the many policemen, politicians, judges, public servants, and other prominent people who were profiting from his illegal activiies. After his death in April 1997, the heirs to his fortune began fighting each other over the inheritance, and this led to the murder of his son, Paulo de Andrade, in October 1998.
. His grandmother Iaiá was already known as a jogo do bicho lottery operator. His father, Eusébio de Andrade e Silva, invested in cattle raising and founded a transport company. Castor had a carefree infancy. He studied in the traditional school Colégio Pedro II
, but frequently skipped classes to go to the beaches of the neighborhood of Flamengo
. This, however, did not prevent him from graduating in law.
Castor inherited the jogo do bicho office of his grandmother and father and with his uncles transformed it to an illicit gambling empire – taking over more and more pontos (points-of-sale) where the lottery dealers collect money and keep record of the bets. He would eventually expand to slot machine
s and video poker
as well. He rose to power despite his reputation. After the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, various generals paid homage to him. The military regime was unable to crack down on the illegal lottery. The Secretary of Security of Rio de Janeiro
of that time, general Waldir Alves Muniz, received an instruction to "avoid problems with Castor de Andrade". Ex-president João Figueiredo one day broke the protocol, departing from a group of authorities who surrounded him to personally greet the bicheiro.
Castor de Andrade and his son Paulo Roberto de Andrade operated the illegal lottery in Marechal Hermes
, Padre Miguel
, Bangu
, Santíssimo
, Senador Camará
, Mangaratiba
and Ibicuí
. He was considered a romantic bicheiro, who did not allow other unnecessary businesses, such as drug trafficking, to be explored together with the illicit lottery. He managed a metal-working business that over the years had produced war material for the Brazilian armed forces, and he owned gasoline stations and a used car agency.
and was even called the "owner of Bangu". Although he never served as president of the club, he often held high positions and the president always obeyed him and never made a decision without seeking advice from him first. Under his leadership the club won the Campeonato Carioca
in 1966. The players referred to him as their "father" and every week he used to hand out money to them. He was accused several times of intimidating referees into giving his team assistance. Once, in a game against América, in the Maracanã
stadium, he invaded the field with a revolver. He demanded an explanation from the referee regarding his decision to grant a penalty shootout in favour of América. Bangu
was ahead 2 to 1 and América tied. The referee later granted another penalty, this time in favour of Bangu
. Castor's team won 3 to 2.
Since the 1970s, most of the big samba school
s had a "patron" related to the jogo do bicho. Castor de Andrade was the patron of the Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel
samba school. Under his leadership Mocidade won the Rio Carnival
title in 1979, 1985, 1990, 1991, and 1996. His participation in the Carnival was not limited to his samba school. For decades he invested money in the organization of parades. Dissatisfied with where the official league, the Associação das Escolas de Samba da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro
(AESCRJ), was heading for and feeling a need to negotiate more openly with the government about financial transfers to the Carnival, Castor helped found the Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
(LIESA - Samba Schools' Independente League of Rio de Janeiro) in Rio de Janeiro in 1984. He served as LIESA's first president. Because of the new league, the samba schools started receiving more financial assistance and the standard of the parades could be maintained. LIESA served as the legal cover for the "jogo do bicho cartel".
Taking advantage of the attention of the media and public opinion during the Carnival of 1993, Castor gave a 5-minute speech angrily condemning the persecution of bicheiros in full Sambadrome. Three months later, judge Denise Frossard
convicted Castor and 13 other major bicheiros (among them Capitão Guimarães
, Luizinho Drummond
, Antonio Petrus Kalil
, alias Turcão, and Anísio Abraão David
) to six years of prison for criminal association. Formally, 53 deaths were attributed to the group.". However, in the same year Castro obtained a habeas corpus
and was released and by December 1996 the rest of the bicheiros were all back on the streets, granted parole
or clemency.
On March 30, 1994, Castor suffered a new mishap. Prosecutor Biscaia launched a new action against the jogo do bicho in Rio de Janeiro, bursting the stronghold of Castor in Bangu
and seizing 17 cash books, 140 account books, and 166 computer disks. He is cited as having said, right after his bunker was busted, "What police is this?". Castor de Andrade was one of the first bicheiros that started bribing policemen, and policemen from all police forces received money from him. A special screened unit of the BOPE
(Special Police Operations Battalion), the special forces
of the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State
, was used during the operation against Castor.
The police investigations revealed that big names had been profiting from the illegal activities of bicho's Mafia. Among them, former president Fernando Collor de Mello
, Rio governor Nilo Batista, São Paulo mayor Paulo Maluf
, Rio mayor Cesar Maia
, seven entrepreneurs, three judges, 12 congressmen and seven assemblymen, 25 police commissioners and 100 police officers. According to prosecutor Antônio Carlos Biscaia
, "the Public Ministry of Rio de Janeiro investigated their involvement in more than 130 homicides and verified the corruption scheme centralized and led by Castor de Andrade [...], who recorded the bribes for military
and civil policemen
, public servants, including those of the Public Ministry
and Judiciary
, and even well-known politicians who received financial help for their compromised political campaign
s."
There were also suspicions that Castor and his people had a partnership with Colombian Cali Cartel
. Preliminary findings showed Rio bicheiros responsible for transporting cocaine in Brazil and shipping it overseas. In Porto Seguro
, Castor had set up a fishing company that was used for cocaine trafficking. He allegedly helped the Sicilian Mafioso Antonio Salamone
to settle in Brazil. Castor gave him a cover job at Bangu Textiles, which he owned. Salamone became a naturalized Brazilian because of de Andrade’s influence.
in São Paulo
on October 26, 1994. He was disguised with a fake goatee and his hair and moustache were painted in black. Rogério de Andrade and Ana Paula de Andrade e Silva, his two nephews, were accompanying him. He later admitted to the police that he loved cars since he was a child and could not resist the temptation to visit the Auto Show.
He was sent to Polinter prison, along with fellow bicheiros Capitão Guimarães, José Petrus, alias Zinho, and Fernando Iggnácio, Castor's son-in-law. Following charges that their cells were filled with luxuries, authorities decided to inspect their cells. The inspectors concluded that the jail looked like "a five-star hotel". The cells were equipped with a mini-bar, a TV, a video player, a sound system with a CD player, cellphones, an air-conditioner, a microwave oven, and a freezer. There were "strong evidences that the bicheiros made a reform in the internal part of the jail, such as the installation of new pavements, azulejo
s, and sanitary ware."
Because of heart problems, he obtained a house arrest to spend his conviction in his luxurious apartment in the Avenida Atlântica in Copacabana. But he went out to the streets frequently, without being bothered.
, when he suffered a deadly heart attack. His body was laid out in the samba school of Mocidade. During the Carnival of 1998, the samba school Caprichosos de Pilares started their parade with a minute of silence to honor him.
Shortly before he died, Castor divided his estate in two parts: his son Paulo Roberto de Andrade or Paulinho Andrade, inherited the jogo do bicho interests, while his son-in-law Fernando de Miranda Iggnácio received the slot machine
s and video poker
. A vicious struggle over the inheritance developed in the family. Paulinho Andrade was murdered in October 1998, on the orders of Castor’s nephew Rogério Costa de Andrade. Subsequently, Rogério and Fernando Iggnácio became involved in a war about the illicit gambling interests.
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
. Since the 1980s, Castor de Andrade was the uncontested leader of all the main bicheiros of the city of Rio de Janeiro, and had more than 100 policemen and a number of public servants, prominent politicians, and judges working for him. Castor was also very involved in the Brazilian Carnival
Brazilian Carnival
The Carnival of Brazil is an annual festival held forty-six days before Easter. On certain days of Lent, Roman Catholics and some other Christians traditionally abstained from the consumption of meat and poultry, hence the term "carnival," from carnelevare, "to remove meat." Carnival celebrations...
and in soccer—he was the major sponsor of Bangu Atlético Clube
Bangu Atlético Clube
Bangu Atlético Clube, or Bangu as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Bangu, Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro, founded on April 17, 1904...
and even called the "owner of Bangu", and he was also the patron of samba school
Samba school
A samba school is a club or dancing school. They practice and often perform in huge square-compounds devoted to practicing and exhibiting samba, an African-Brazilian dance. The schools are traditionally associated with a particular neighborhood, often shanty towns...
Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel
GRES Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel
The Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel is a samba school of the city of Rio de Janeiro, being located on Rua Coronel Tamarindo, in the neighborhood of Padre Miguel.- History :...
. He also helped found in 1984 the Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
The Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro - Independent League of the Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro - or LIESA, is the principal association that organizes the Carnival of the city of Rio de Janeiro....
, which has run the Rio de Janeiro Carnival ever since and has served as the legal cover for the "jogo do bicho cartel".
In 1993, Castor de Andrade and 13 other major bicheiros were arrested. They were each convicted to six years of prison, but Castor obtained a habeas corpus
Habeas corpus
is a writ, or legal action, through which a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention. The remedy can be sought by the prisoner or by another person coming to his aid. Habeas corpus originated in the English legal system, but it is now available in many nations...
and was released in the same year. In March 1994, a subsequent operation managed to break Castor's stronghold. Documents revealed the names of the many policemen, politicians, judges, public servants, and other prominent people who were profiting from his illegal activiies. After his death in April 1997, the heirs to his fortune began fighting each other over the inheritance, and this led to the murder of his son, Paulo de Andrade, in October 1998.
Illicit gambling empire
Castor was born in 1926 to a family who was very involved in the jogo do bichoJogo do Bicho
Jogo do Bicho is an illegal gambling game in Brazil, prohibited by federal law since 1946. Very popular throughout the country, the "game" is actually a lottery-type drawing operated on a regional basis by mobsters known as contraventores , bicheiros or banqueiros...
. His grandmother Iaiá was already known as a jogo do bicho lottery operator. His father, Eusébio de Andrade e Silva, invested in cattle raising and founded a transport company. Castor had a carefree infancy. He studied in the traditional school Colégio Pedro II
Colégio Pedro II (Rio de Janeiro)
Colégio Pedro II is a Federal Public School named after Pedro II of Brazil. It was founded on December 2 1837, and made official by Imperial decree on December 20 of the same year. It was named after the Emperor, since it was founded on his birthday....
, but frequently skipped classes to go to the beaches of the neighborhood of Flamengo
Flamengo
Flamengo is the name of a neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.- History :It is the Portuguese word for Flemish, and it was given to the nearby beach because it was the place where the Dutch sailor Olivier van Noort tried to invade the city in 1599...
. This, however, did not prevent him from graduating in law.
Castor inherited the jogo do bicho office of his grandmother and father and with his uncles transformed it to an illicit gambling empire – taking over more and more pontos (points-of-sale) where the lottery dealers collect money and keep record of the bets. He would eventually expand to slot machine
Slot machine
A slot machine , informally fruit machine , the slots , poker machine or "pokies" or simply slot is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed...
s and video poker
Video poker
Video poker is a casino game based on five-card draw poker. It is played on a computerized console similar in size to a slot machine.-History:...
as well. He rose to power despite his reputation. After the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, various generals paid homage to him. The military regime was unable to crack down on the illegal lottery. The Secretary of Security of Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro (state)
Rio de Janeiro is one of the 27 states of Brazil.Rio de Janeiro has the second largest economy of Brazil behind only São Paulo state.The state of Rio de Janeiro is located within the Brazilian geopolitical region classified as the Southeast...
of that time, general Waldir Alves Muniz, received an instruction to "avoid problems with Castor de Andrade". Ex-president João Figueiredo one day broke the protocol, departing from a group of authorities who surrounded him to personally greet the bicheiro.
Castor de Andrade and his son Paulo Roberto de Andrade operated the illegal lottery in Marechal Hermes
Marechal Hermes
Marechal Hermes is a suburb of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is a working class suburb situated in the North region of Rio surrounded by Bento Ribeiro, Campo dos Afonsos, Deodoro and Guadalupe...
, Padre Miguel
Padre Miguel
The neighborhood of Padre Miguel is situated in the west region of the city of Rio de Janeiro, is of lower class, and borders the neighborhoods of Bangu and Realengo . It is there the schools of samba Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel and Unidos de Padre Miguel are located. In the weekend,...
, Bangu
Bangu (neighborhood)
Bangu is a neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, RJ. It is a lower middle class neighborhood. It is located in the western area of the city being one of the most populated districts, with 244,518 inhabitants [1] distributed in an area of 4570.69 ha...
, Santíssimo
Santíssimo
Santíssimo is a neighborhood of lower class in the west region of Rio de Janeiro, near Campo Grande.In the beginning the railroad stations proceeded on this order: Bangu, Senador Camará, Santíssimo, Senador Vasconcelos, and Campo Grande. Santíssimo was prosperous in the epoch that Rio de Janeiro...
, Senador Camará
Senador Camará
Senador Camará is a populous neighborhood in the west region of Rio de Janeiro, with 111.231 residents distributed in an area of 1,723.59 hectares, of lower class...
, Mangaratiba
Mangaratiba
Mangaratiba is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Its population is 29,272 and its area is 352 km².Muddy beaches and the incongruous industrial presence of the Terminal de Sepetiba put off many people stopping at Mangaratiba...
and Ibicuí
Ibicuí
Ibicuí is a town and municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil.-References:...
. He was considered a romantic bicheiro, who did not allow other unnecessary businesses, such as drug trafficking, to be explored together with the illicit lottery. He managed a metal-working business that over the years had produced war material for the Brazilian armed forces, and he owned gasoline stations and a used car agency.
Soccer and Carnival
Castor de Andrade was the major sponsor of Bangu Atlético ClubeBangu Atlético Clube
Bangu Atlético Clube, or Bangu as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Bangu, Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro, founded on April 17, 1904...
and was even called the "owner of Bangu". Although he never served as president of the club, he often held high positions and the president always obeyed him and never made a decision without seeking advice from him first. Under his leadership the club won the Campeonato Carioca
Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Carioca, also known as Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, is the football league of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and is one of the most prestigious national football tournaments...
in 1966. The players referred to him as their "father" and every week he used to hand out money to them. He was accused several times of intimidating referees into giving his team assistance. Once, in a game against América, in the Maracanã
Estádio do Maracanã
The Estádio do Maracanã , officially Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho, is an open-air stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Owned by the Rio de Janeiro State Government, it is named after the Maracanã neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro. It was opened in 1950 to host the FIFA World Cup, and in the final...
stadium, he invaded the field with a revolver. He demanded an explanation from the referee regarding his decision to grant a penalty shootout in favour of América. Bangu
Bangu Atlético Clube
Bangu Atlético Clube, or Bangu as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Bangu, Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro, founded on April 17, 1904...
was ahead 2 to 1 and América tied. The referee later granted another penalty, this time in favour of Bangu
Bangu Atlético Clube
Bangu Atlético Clube, or Bangu as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Bangu, Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro, founded on April 17, 1904...
. Castor's team won 3 to 2.
Since the 1970s, most of the big samba school
Samba school
A samba school is a club or dancing school. They practice and often perform in huge square-compounds devoted to practicing and exhibiting samba, an African-Brazilian dance. The schools are traditionally associated with a particular neighborhood, often shanty towns...
s had a "patron" related to the jogo do bicho. Castor de Andrade was the patron of the Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel
GRES Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel
The Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel is a samba school of the city of Rio de Janeiro, being located on Rua Coronel Tamarindo, in the neighborhood of Padre Miguel.- History :...
samba school. Under his leadership Mocidade won the Rio Carnival
Rio Carnival
The Carnival in Rio de Janeiro is a world famous festival held before Lent every year and considered the biggest carnival in the world with two million people per day on the streets. The first festivals of Rio date back to 1723.-Samba schools:...
title in 1979, 1985, 1990, 1991, and 1996. His participation in the Carnival was not limited to his samba school. For decades he invested money in the organization of parades. Dissatisfied with where the official league, the Associação das Escolas de Samba da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Associação das Escolas de Samba da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro
The Associação das Escolas de Samba da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro - Association of Samba Schools of the City of Rio de Janeiro - or AESCRJ, is an association of the samba schools of city of Rio de Janeiro that administrated the Carnaval of all the groups since 1953. The AESCRJ was founded on March 5...
(AESCRJ), was heading for and feeling a need to negotiate more openly with the government about financial transfers to the Carnival, Castor helped found the Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
The Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro - Independent League of the Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro - or LIESA, is the principal association that organizes the Carnival of the city of Rio de Janeiro....
(LIESA - Samba Schools' Independente League of Rio de Janeiro) in Rio de Janeiro in 1984. He served as LIESA's first president. Because of the new league, the samba schools started receiving more financial assistance and the standard of the parades could be maintained. LIESA served as the legal cover for the "jogo do bicho cartel".
Trials
Denise Frossard
Denise Frossard Loschi is a judge and politician from Brazil. She studied law and served as a magistrate in Rio de Janeiro. She has been a law professor at the Getúlio Vargas Foundation...
convicted Castor and 13 other major bicheiros (among them Capitão Guimarães
Capitão Guimarães
Ailton Guimarães Jorge, better known as Capitão Guimarães, is an illegal lottery operator and the patron of samba school Unidos do Viradouro...
, Luizinho Drummond
Luizinho Drummond
Luiz Pacheco Drummond, nicknamed Luizinho Drummond, is an illegal lottery operator and the patron of samba school Imperatriz Leopoldinense...
, Antonio Petrus Kalil
Antonio Petrus Kalil
Antônio Petrus Kalil , known as Turcão , came to public prominence in Brazil as one of the operators of the jogo do bicho , a popular illegal lottery...
, alias Turcão, and Anísio Abraão David
Anísio Abraão David
Anísio Abraão David, better known as Anísio, is an illegal lottery operator and the honorary president of the samba school Beija-Flor in Nilópolis. He has been the president of the Independent League of Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro from 1985-1987.-Bicheiro:Anísio controlled the game in...
) to six years of prison for criminal association. Formally, 53 deaths were attributed to the group.". However, in the same year Castro obtained a habeas corpus
Habeas corpus
is a writ, or legal action, through which a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention. The remedy can be sought by the prisoner or by another person coming to his aid. Habeas corpus originated in the English legal system, but it is now available in many nations...
and was released and by December 1996 the rest of the bicheiros were all back on the streets, granted parole
Parole
Parole may have different meanings depending on the field and judiciary system. All of the meanings originated from the French parole . Following its use in late-resurrected Anglo-French chivalric practice, the term became associated with the release of prisoners based on prisoners giving their...
or clemency.
On March 30, 1994, Castor suffered a new mishap. Prosecutor Biscaia launched a new action against the jogo do bicho in Rio de Janeiro, bursting the stronghold of Castor in Bangu
Bangu (neighborhood)
Bangu is a neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, RJ. It is a lower middle class neighborhood. It is located in the western area of the city being one of the most populated districts, with 244,518 inhabitants [1] distributed in an area of 4570.69 ha...
and seizing 17 cash books, 140 account books, and 166 computer disks. He is cited as having said, right after his bunker was busted, "What police is this?". Castor de Andrade was one of the first bicheiros that started bribing policemen, and policemen from all police forces received money from him. A special screened unit of the BOPE
BOPE
Batalhão de Operações Policiais Especiais , mostly known by its acronym BOPE, is a special forces unit of the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil....
(Special Police Operations Battalion), the special forces
Special forces
Special forces, or special operations forces are terms used to describe elite military tactical teams trained to perform high-risk dangerous missions that conventional units cannot perform...
of the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State
Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State
The Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State like other military polices in Brazil is a reserve and ancillary force of the Brazilian Army, and part of the System of Public Security and Brazilian Social Protection...
, was used during the operation against Castor.
The police investigations revealed that big names had been profiting from the illegal activities of bicho's Mafia. Among them, former president Fernando Collor de Mello
Fernando Collor de Mello
Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello was the 32nd president of Brazil from 1990 to 1992, when he resigned in a failed attempt to stop his trial of impeachment by the Brazilian Senate...
, Rio governor Nilo Batista, São Paulo mayor Paulo Maluf
Paulo Maluf
Paulo Salim Maluf is a Brazilian politician with a career spanning over four decades and many functions, including those of State Governor of São Paulo, Mayor of the City of São Paulo, Congressman and Presidential candidate. As of 2011, Maluf is on a second consecutive term as Federal Deputy...
, Rio mayor Cesar Maia
Cesar Maia
César Epitácio Maia is a Brazilian politician, notable for having been elected three times for mayor of Rio de Janeiro.A native of Rio, born in 1945, Maia was forced to leave Brazil in exile during the 1960s on account of his affiliation with the Brazilian Communist Party...
, seven entrepreneurs, three judges, 12 congressmen and seven assemblymen, 25 police commissioners and 100 police officers. According to prosecutor Antônio Carlos Biscaia
Antônio Carlos Biscaia
Antônio Carlos Silva Biscaia is former federal prosecutor and currently a politician from Brazil. He is affiliated to the Partido dos Trabalhadores...
, "the Public Ministry of Rio de Janeiro investigated their involvement in more than 130 homicides and verified the corruption scheme centralized and led by Castor de Andrade [...], who recorded the bribes for military
Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State
The Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State like other military polices in Brazil is a reserve and ancillary force of the Brazilian Army, and part of the System of Public Security and Brazilian Social Protection...
and civil policemen
Civil Police of Rio de Janeiro State
The Civil Police of Rio de Janeiro State is the police force responsible for criminal investigations in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil...
, public servants, including those of the Public Ministry
Public Ministry (Brazil)
The Public Ministry is the Brazilian body of independent public prosecutors, working both at the federal and state level. It operates independently from the three branches of government, and was referred to by Constitutional scholar Michel Temer as the "Fourth Branch".There are three levels of...
and Judiciary
Judiciary of Brazil
The Judiciary of Brazil is the Judiciary branch of the Brazilian government. The structure and the division of jurisdiction of the ramifications of the Brazilian Judiciary is defined in the Brazilian Constitution.-The Courts system overview:...
, and even well-known politicians who received financial help for their compromised political campaign
Political campaign
A political campaign is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making process within a specific group. In democracies, political campaigns often refer to electoral campaigns, wherein representatives are chosen or referendums are decided...
s."
There were also suspicions that Castor and his people had a partnership with Colombian Cali Cartel
Cali Cartel
The Cali Cartel was a drug cartel based in southern Colombia, around the city of Cali and the Valle del Cauca Department. The Cali Cartel was founded by the Rodríguez Orejuela brothers, Gilberto and Miguel, as well as associate José Santacruz Londoño...
. Preliminary findings showed Rio bicheiros responsible for transporting cocaine in Brazil and shipping it overseas. In Porto Seguro
Porto Seguro
Porto Seguro is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Bahia. It is the site where the Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral first set foot on Brazilian soil on April 22, 1500...
, Castor had set up a fishing company that was used for cocaine trafficking. He allegedly helped the Sicilian Mafioso Antonio Salamone
Antonio Salamone
Antonio Salamone was a member of the Sicilian Mafia and a member of the first Sicilian Mafia Commission. His nickname was “il furbo” – the shrewd one.-Mafia heritage:...
to settle in Brazil. Castor gave him a cover job at Bangu Textiles, which he owned. Salamone became a naturalized Brazilian because of de Andrade’s influence.
Arrest and incarceration
After his conviction, Castor disappeared. Seven months later, he was found while visiting the Auto Show at the Anhembi Convention CenterAnhembi Convention Center
-Anhembi Convention Center:Anhembi Convention Center is a convention center located in Santana, a district of São Paulo city, Brazil.At 400,000 square meters of indoor space and 93,000 meters of outdoor space, it is one of the largest event grounds in Latin America...
in São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
on October 26, 1994. He was disguised with a fake goatee and his hair and moustache were painted in black. Rogério de Andrade and Ana Paula de Andrade e Silva, his two nephews, were accompanying him. He later admitted to the police that he loved cars since he was a child and could not resist the temptation to visit the Auto Show.
He was sent to Polinter prison, along with fellow bicheiros Capitão Guimarães, José Petrus, alias Zinho, and Fernando Iggnácio, Castor's son-in-law. Following charges that their cells were filled with luxuries, authorities decided to inspect their cells. The inspectors concluded that the jail looked like "a five-star hotel". The cells were equipped with a mini-bar, a TV, a video player, a sound system with a CD player, cellphones, an air-conditioner, a microwave oven, and a freezer. There were "strong evidences that the bicheiros made a reform in the internal part of the jail, such as the installation of new pavements, azulejo
Azulejo
Azulejo from the Arabic word Zellige زليج is a form of Portuguese or Spanish painted, tin-glazed, ceramic tilework. They have become a typical aspect of Portuguese culture, having been produced without interruption for five centuries...
s, and sanitary ware."
Because of heart problems, he obtained a house arrest to spend his conviction in his luxurious apartment in the Avenida Atlântica in Copacabana. But he went out to the streets frequently, without being bothered.
Death and legacy
On April 11, 1997, disrespecting as usual his house arrest, Castor was playing cards in the house of a friend, in LeblonLeblon
Leblon is an affluent neighbourhood and a beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It's a neighbourhood of upper class people in the southern zone of the city...
, when he suffered a deadly heart attack. His body was laid out in the samba school of Mocidade. During the Carnival of 1998, the samba school Caprichosos de Pilares started their parade with a minute of silence to honor him.
Shortly before he died, Castor divided his estate in two parts: his son Paulo Roberto de Andrade or Paulinho Andrade, inherited the jogo do bicho interests, while his son-in-law Fernando de Miranda Iggnácio received the slot machine
Slot machine
A slot machine , informally fruit machine , the slots , poker machine or "pokies" or simply slot is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed...
s and video poker
Video poker
Video poker is a casino game based on five-card draw poker. It is played on a computerized console similar in size to a slot machine.-History:...
. A vicious struggle over the inheritance developed in the family. Paulinho Andrade was murdered in October 1998, on the orders of Castor’s nephew Rogério Costa de Andrade. Subsequently, Rogério and Fernando Iggnácio became involved in a war about the illicit gambling interests.