Caucasus Military District
Encyclopedia
The Caucaus Military District was a military formation of the Imperial Russian Army
. It was created in 1865 as the successor to the Caucasus Army
, and was dissolved in 1917.
.
During the entire existence of the District, the District Commander in Chief was also supreme civil authority in the Caucasus and atman
of Caucasian Cossack troops. In 1865 - 1881 and again in 1905 - 1917, the District Commander in Chief was also His Majesty's Viceroy in the Caucasus.
On the formation of the District, the Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich (who had already been His Majesty's Viceroy in the Caucasus and Commander in Chief of the Caucasus Army since December 6, 1862) became its first Commander in Chief. On August 23, 1915 (during the First World War), the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich was appointed to this post, a post he held until February 3, 1917.
Imperial Russian Army
The Imperial Russian Army was the land armed force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian army consisted of around 938,731 regular soldiers and 245,850 irregulars . Until the time of military reform of Dmitry Milyutin in...
. It was created in 1865 as the successor to the Caucasus Army
Russian Caucasus Forces (before 1865)
Before the creation of the Caucasus Military District in 1865, Russian forces in the Caucasus were organized, at different times, in a number of formations under various names.-Before 1815:...
, and was dissolved in 1917.
History
The Caucus Military District was created as part of the military reforms of the minister Dmitry MilyutinDmitry Milyutin
Count Dmitry Alekseyevich Milyutin was Minister of War and the last Field Marshal of Imperial Russia...
.
During the entire existence of the District, the District Commander in Chief was also supreme civil authority in the Caucasus and atman
Atman
Atman means 'self' in Sanskrit and is a concept of importance in Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Yoga and Jainism:* Ātman * Ātman * Atman Atman may also refer to:...
of Caucasian Cossack troops. In 1865 - 1881 and again in 1905 - 1917, the District Commander in Chief was also His Majesty's Viceroy in the Caucasus.
On the formation of the District, the Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich (who had already been His Majesty's Viceroy in the Caucasus and Commander in Chief of the Caucasus Army since December 6, 1862) became its first Commander in Chief. On August 23, 1915 (during the First World War), the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich was appointed to this post, a post he held until February 3, 1917.
Area
After a series of changes in 1866, 1868, 1878, 1881, 1883, 1898 and 1899, by 1914 the area of the District included seven provinces (Stavropol, Tiflis, Kutaisi, Elisavetpol, Baku, Erevan and the Black Sea) and five regions (Kuban, Terek , Dagestan, Kars and Batumi) - a total of 12 administrative divisions, of which three were in the north and nine in the Caucasus, these nine forming the Caucasian Viceroyality of which the Commander in Chief of the district was viceroy.Composition of forces
- I Caucasus Army Corps
- II Caucasus Army Corps
- III Caucasus Army Corps
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Commanders of the Caucasus Military District
- Adjutant General, General of Artillery, and (from April 16, 1878) Field Marshal Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich: 1865 - July 14, 1881
- Adjutant General and General of Cavalry Prince Alexander Dondukov-Korsakov: January 1, 1882 - June 3, 1890
- Adjutant General and Lieutenant General Sergey Sheremetev: June 3, 1890 - December 12, 1896
- Adjutant General and General of Infantry Prince Grigory Sergeyevich Golitsyn: December 12, 1896 - January 1, 1905
- Lieutenant General James D. Malama: January 1, 1905 - February 21, 1905
- Adjutant General and General of Cavalry Count Hilarion Ivanovich Vorontsov-Dashkov: February 27, 1905 - August 30, 1914
- Adjutant General and General of Cavalry Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich: August 30, 1914 - February 3, 1917
- General of Infantry Alexander Zakharjevich Myshlaevsky: March 7, 1917 - June 2, 1917