Caxcan
Encyclopedia
The Caxcan were a partly nomadic indigenous people of Mexico
. Under their leader, Francisco Tenamaztle, the Caxcan were allied with the Zacatecos against the Spaniards during the Mixtón Rebellion
. During the rebellion, they were described as "the heart and the center of the Indian Rebellion". They were famously led by Tenamaxtli
. After the rebellion, they were at constant target by the Zacatecos and Guachichiles due to their ceasefire agreement with the Spaniards. Their principal religious and population centers were at Teul
, Tlaltenango
, Juchipila, and Teocaltiche
.
, a Caxcan from Durango. She also published Alto!, a book which stressed Mexican Nationalism through indigenous roots and, even after the alleged extinction of the Caxcan people, is quoted as saying "We do not recognize the right of any race to impose its civilization upon us" as a way to promote indigeneity.
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. Under their leader, Francisco Tenamaztle, the Caxcan were allied with the Zacatecos against the Spaniards during the Mixtón Rebellion
Mixtón Rebellion
The Mixtón War was fought from 1540 until 1542 between Spanish invaders and their Aztec and Tlaxcalan allies against the Caxcanes and other semi-nomadic Indians of the area of north western Mexico...
. During the rebellion, they were described as "the heart and the center of the Indian Rebellion". They were famously led by Tenamaxtli
Tenamaxtli
Francisco Tenamaztle was a leader of the Caxcan Indians in Mexico during the Mixton War of 1540-1542. He was later put on trial in Spain...
. After the rebellion, they were at constant target by the Zacatecos and Guachichiles due to their ceasefire agreement with the Spaniards. Their principal religious and population centers were at Teul
Teúl de González Ortega
Teúl de González Ortega is a municipality in the south of the state of Zacatecas, Mexico-History:Prior to Spanish conquest and colonization of El Teúl, the town and its surrounding valleys were primarily inhabited by Caxcan peoples...
, Tlaltenango
Tlaltenango de Sánchez Román
The municipality of Tlaltenango de Sánchez Román is located in the southwestern portion of the Mexican state of Zacatecas. The average elevation of the municipality is 1,723 meters above sea level and the municipality covers an area of...
, Juchipila, and Teocaltiche
Teocaltiche
Teocaltiche is a city and municipality in the central-western Mexican state of Jalisco. Teocaltiche is located in the northeastern highlands region of Jalisco, commonly referred to in Spanish as "Los Altos de Jalisco"...
.
Post 1900s
The Council of the Caxcan Indians was formed in the 1920s by Juana Belén Gutiérrez de MendozaJuana Belén Gutiérrez de Mendoza
Juana Belén Gutiérrez de Mendoza was born in San Juan del Río, Durango, Mexico. She was typographer, a journalist and a poet. While many women contributed in the Mexican Revolution 1910-1920 by fighting alongside their husbands others wrote against the injustices of the Díaz regime. In May 1901...
, a Caxcan from Durango. She also published Alto!, a book which stressed Mexican Nationalism through indigenous roots and, even after the alleged extinction of the Caxcan people, is quoted as saying "We do not recognize the right of any race to impose its civilization upon us" as a way to promote indigeneity.