Cellulosomes
Encyclopedia
Cellulosomes are complexes of cellulolytic enzymes created by bacteria
such as Clostridium
and Bacteroides
. They consist of catalytic subunits such as glycoside hydrolases, polysaccharide lyases and carboxyl esterases bound together by scaffoldins consisting of cohesins
connected to other functional units such as the enzymes and carbohydrate binding modules
via dockerin
s. They assist in digestion or degradation of plant cell wall materials, most notably cellulose
.
For further details see the description on the specialist carbohydrate active enzyme wiki resource CAZypedia under cellulosome.
Bacteria
Bacteria are a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals...
such as Clostridium
Clostridium
Clostridium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria, belonging to the Firmicutes. They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. Individual cells are rod-shaped, which gives them their name, from the Greek kloster or spindle...
and Bacteroides
Bacteroides
Bacteroides is a genus of Gram-negative, bacillus bacteria. Bacteroides species are non-endospore-forming, anaerobes, and may be either motile or non-motile, depending on the species. The DNA base composition is 40-48% GC. Unusual in bacterial organisms, Bacteroides membranes contain sphingolipids...
. They consist of catalytic subunits such as glycoside hydrolases, polysaccharide lyases and carboxyl esterases bound together by scaffoldins consisting of cohesins
Cohesin domain
In molecular biology, the cohesin domain is a protein domain. It interacts with a complementary domain, termed the dockerin domain. The cohesin-dockerin interaction is the crucial interaction for complex formation in the cellulosome....
connected to other functional units such as the enzymes and carbohydrate binding modules
Carbohydrate-binding module
In molecular biology, a carbohydrate-binding module is a protein domain found in carbohydrate-active enzymes . The majority of these domains have carbohydrate-binding activity. Some of these domains are found on cellulosomal scaffoldin proteins. CBMs were previously known as cellulose-binding...
via dockerin
Dockerin
Dockerin is a protein domain found in the Cellulosome cellular structure. It is part of endoglucanase enzymes. The dockerin's binding partner is the cohesin domain. This interaction is essential to the construction of the Cellulosome complex . The Dockerin domain has two in-tandem repeats of a...
s. They assist in digestion or degradation of plant cell wall materials, most notably cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to over ten thousand β linked D-glucose units....
.
For further details see the description on the specialist carbohydrate active enzyme wiki resource CAZypedia under cellulosome.
