Cemil Topuzlu
Encyclopedia
Professor Cemil Topuzlu (1868–1958), also known as Cemil Pasha, was a leading surgeon
in Turkey
who was internationally recognized for his pioneering work in several areas, including open chest cardiac massage, and described in several papers published in Ottoman Turkish
, French and German.
On 27 August 1903, one of his patients undergoing external urethrotomy
under chloroform anaesthesia developed cardiac arrest and Cemil Topuzlu performed open chest cardiac massage. He also defined the "Do Not Resuscitate" code in cases involving serious heart disease and other diseases where life expectancy is very short. He introduced novel vascular suture techniques, which he presented at the International Medical Congress in Moscow in August 1897 and at the annual Congress of the Société de Chirurgie de Paris in July 1904, where he reported two cases of arterial tear during breast carcinoma resection and repair within the same session. He also reported the removal of a pen cover from the right main bronchus of a 7-year-old girl through a tracheotomy
in 1903.
Early in his career, he worked for three years as an assistant of the French surgeon Jules-Émile Péan
, and then became a preferred surgeon of the Ottoman Imperial family in Istanbul. He later served as Mayor of Istanbul and Construction Minister in the late Ottoman period at the beginning of the 20th century, returning to his main specialty, surgery, in the latter part of his life.
In recognition for his contributions as an eminent citizen and mayor, an avenue in Istanbul carries his name. A major open air theatre in Istanbul, the Cemil Topuzlu Harbiye Amphitheatre
(Turkish: Cemil Topuzlu Harbiye Açık Hava Tiyatrosu) with a 3,975 seat capacity was completed in 1947; it is located in the Harbiye neighbourhood of Şişli
on the European side of the city, across from the Lütfi Kırdar Congress Center and Exhibition Palace and behind the Istanbul Hilton Hotel.
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
who was internationally recognized for his pioneering work in several areas, including open chest cardiac massage, and described in several papers published in Ottoman Turkish
Ottoman Turkish language
The Ottoman Turkish language or Ottoman language is the variety of the Turkish language that was used for administrative and literary purposes in the Ottoman Empire. It borrows extensively from Arabic and Persian, and was written in a variant of the Perso-Arabic script...
, French and German.
On 27 August 1903, one of his patients undergoing external urethrotomy
Urethrotomy
A urethrotomy is an operation which involves incision of the urethra, especially for relief of a stricture. It is most often performed in the outpatient setting, with the patient being discharged from the hospital or surgery center within six hours from the procedure's inception.Urethrotomy is a...
under chloroform anaesthesia developed cardiac arrest and Cemil Topuzlu performed open chest cardiac massage. He also defined the "Do Not Resuscitate" code in cases involving serious heart disease and other diseases where life expectancy is very short. He introduced novel vascular suture techniques, which he presented at the International Medical Congress in Moscow in August 1897 and at the annual Congress of the Société de Chirurgie de Paris in July 1904, where he reported two cases of arterial tear during breast carcinoma resection and repair within the same session. He also reported the removal of a pen cover from the right main bronchus of a 7-year-old girl through a tracheotomy
Tracheotomy
Among the oldest described surgical procedures, tracheotomy consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea...
in 1903.
Early in his career, he worked for three years as an assistant of the French surgeon Jules-Émile Péan
Jules-Émile Péan
Jules-Émile Péan was one of the great French surgeons of the 19th century.Péan was born in 1830 in Marboué, four kilometers to the north of Châteaudun, the son of a miller. He studied at the college of Chartres and then studied medicine in Paris under Auguste Nélaton. He was appointed a doctor in...
, and then became a preferred surgeon of the Ottoman Imperial family in Istanbul. He later served as Mayor of Istanbul and Construction Minister in the late Ottoman period at the beginning of the 20th century, returning to his main specialty, surgery, in the latter part of his life.
In recognition for his contributions as an eminent citizen and mayor, an avenue in Istanbul carries his name. A major open air theatre in Istanbul, the Cemil Topuzlu Harbiye Amphitheatre
Cemil Topuzlu Harbiye Amphitheatre
The Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre is a contemporary amphitheatre located in the Harbiye neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey. It is situated across from the Lütfi Kırdar Congress Center and Exhibition Hall, and behind the Istanbul Hilton Hotel on the European side of the city.Its construction was...
(Turkish: Cemil Topuzlu Harbiye Açık Hava Tiyatrosu) with a 3,975 seat capacity was completed in 1947; it is located in the Harbiye neighbourhood of Şişli
Sisli
Şişli is one of 39 districts of Istanbul, Turkey. Located on the European side of the city, it is bordered by Beşiktaş to the east, Sarıyer to the north, Eyüp and Kağıthane to the west, and Beyoğlu to the south...
on the European side of the city, across from the Lütfi Kırdar Congress Center and Exhibition Palace and behind the Istanbul Hilton Hotel.