Central Executive Committee of Ukraine
Encyclopedia
Central Executive Committee of Ukraine was a representative body of the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. It was the supreme legislative, administrative, executive controlling state power of the Soviet Ukraine (Ukrainian SSR
) between the sessions of the Congress of Soviets that acted between 1917 until 1938. However on March 19, 1919 the committee issued a declaration, in which it passed most of its authority to the Sovnarkom of Ukraine at that time headed by Christian Rakovsky
.
was the Ukrainian Social-Democratic Labour Party (left deviation
). The committee did not last long and on April 18, 1918 was merged with the People's Secretariat
into the Uprising Nine, a type of revkom.
TsVK was reanimated once again by the 3rd All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets in Kharkiv on March 10, 1919. It was named as VUTsVK (for All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee), but often was referred to as TsIKUK. The new committee was almost twice as big while the number of its members continued to grow from one convocation of the congress to another. The committee was reorganized after the adoption of the Constitution of Ukrainian SSR of 1937.
In total there were 14 convocations of the committee, 12 of which were taken place in Kharkiv
. For almost 20 years from 1919 to 1938 head of the committee was Petrovsky. He however was overshadowed by more prominent Party leaders such as Vyacheslav Molotov
, Lazar Kaganovich
, Dmitriy Manuilsky, and others. The other chairmen of the committee served for less than a year.
Ukrainian SSR
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic or in short, the Ukrainian SSR was a sovereign Soviet Socialist state and one of the fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union lasting from its inception in 1922 to the breakup in 1991...
) between the sessions of the Congress of Soviets that acted between 1917 until 1938. However on March 19, 1919 the committee issued a declaration, in which it passed most of its authority to the Sovnarkom of Ukraine at that time headed by Christian Rakovsky
Christian Rakovsky
Christian Rakovsky was a Bulgarian socialist revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and Soviet diplomat; he was also noted as a journalist, physician, and essayist...
.
Historical Scope
The Committee was first elected at the 1st All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets on December 24, 1917 under the name of TsVK of Soviet Ukraine. The first committee was accounted for 41 members among which 35 were Bolsheviks and four were Left SRs. One of the members Yukhym MedvedevYukhym Medvedev
Yukhym Medvedev was the Soviet first elected chairman of the Soviet parliament in Ukraine. Medvedev was a member of various Communist parties, but in early 1930s quit his political life and committed himself to a civilian life...
was the Ukrainian Social-Democratic Labour Party (left deviation
Ukrainian Communist Party
The Ukrainian Communist Party was an oppositional political party in Soviet Ukraine, from 1920 until 1925. Its followers were known as Ukapists , from the initials UKP.Socialist Sovereigns...
). The committee did not last long and on April 18, 1918 was merged with the People's Secretariat
People's Secretariat
The People's Secretariat of Ukraine was the executive body of the Provisional Central Executive Committee of Soviets in Ukraine. It was formed in Kharkiv on December 30, 1917 by the Russian and other local Bolsheviks as the Ukrainian Soviet government and the opposition to the Central Rada and the...
into the Uprising Nine, a type of revkom.
TsVK was reanimated once again by the 3rd All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets in Kharkiv on March 10, 1919. It was named as VUTsVK (for All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee), but often was referred to as TsIKUK. The new committee was almost twice as big while the number of its members continued to grow from one convocation of the congress to another. The committee was reorganized after the adoption of the Constitution of Ukrainian SSR of 1937.
In total there were 14 convocations of the committee, 12 of which were taken place in Kharkiv
Kharkiv
Kharkiv or Kharkov is the second-largest city in Ukraine.The city was founded in 1654 and was a major centre of Ukrainian culture in the Russian Empire. Kharkiv became the first city in Ukraine where the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in December 1917 and Soviet government was...
. For almost 20 years from 1919 to 1938 head of the committee was Petrovsky. He however was overshadowed by more prominent Party leaders such as Vyacheslav Molotov
Vyacheslav Molotov
Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin, to 1957, when he was dismissed from the Presidium of the Central Committee by Nikita Khrushchev...
, Lazar Kaganovich
Lazar Kaganovich
Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich was a Soviet politician and administrator and one of the main associates of Joseph Stalin.-Early life:Kaganovich was born in 1893 to Jewish parents in the village of Kabany, Radomyshl uyezd, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire...
, Dmitriy Manuilsky, and others. The other chairmen of the committee served for less than a year.
Chairmen
- Yukhym MedvedevYukhym MedvedevYukhym Medvedev was the Soviet first elected chairman of the Soviet parliament in Ukraine. Medvedev was a member of various Communist parties, but in early 1930s quit his political life and committed himself to a civilian life...
December 24, 1917 - March 18, 1918 - Volodymyr ZatonskyVolodymyr ZatonskyVolodymyr Zatonsky was a Soviet politician, Communist Party activist, member of the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences ....
March 19, 1918 - April 18, 1918 (2nd All-Ukrainian Congress in Yekaterinoslav) - Hryhoriy Petrovsky March 10, 1919 - July 25, 1938
External links
- Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union
- Всеукраїнський Центральний Виконавчий Комітет (ВУЦВК)
- Babiy, B.M. Ukrainian Soviet State in the period of reconstruction of national economy (1921–1925). Kiev, 1961
- History of Ukrainian SSR. Vol. 6-7. Kiev, 1984