Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
Encyclopedia
The Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG) is the national meteorological and geophysical service of Austria.
It is a subordinate agency of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Science and Research. The headquarters of ZAMG is located in Vienna, In Salzburg, Innsbruck, Graz and Klagenfurt ZAMG is represented by regional offices.
The ZAMG was founded in 1851 and is the oldest weather service in the world. Their tasks, it is not only operate in the various fields of monitoring networks and conduct research, but also make their results available to the public.
Other facilities of ZAMG and observatories of ZAMG are:
The grounds of the Central Institute has a radar tower. This office building is now home to a large library in the field of meteorology and geophysics.
Since then, both fields constantly researched. Today's activities include geophysical and environmental issues.
Karl Kreil (1798–1862) wurde erster Direktor der neu gegründeten Zentralanstalt in der Wieden , und zugleich Professor für Physik an der Universität Wien . Karl Kreil (1798-1862) became the first director of the newly founded Central Institute of Wieden, and also professor of physics at the University of Vienna. This personal union between one hand and Director of University Teachers on the other, remained to this day and lasting influence on the scientific research at the Central Institute. Kreil set up a meteorological observation system for the entire territory of the Austrian monarchy and carried out for this also the first country geomagnetic recording. 1865, began at the Central Institute with the publication of a daily weather map.
1872 moved to Central in it, from Henry Ferstel built, new and final quarters of the Hohe Warte in Vienna Dobling. A year later, in 1873, the Central Institute organized the first international meteorological congress in Vienna, was founded when the International Meteorological Organization (IMO) as a precursor of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
In 1877 the output of daily telegraphic weather reports carried out, with a synoptic map and the forecast for the next day. The new report contained the morning of 60 observation stations from all over Europe, including 24 domestic ones.
By decree of 23 February 1904, was transferred to the Central Service for the entire seismic Austria, which took the name change to Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics after him.
In his position as Director Kreil followed by outstanding scientists, including Julius Hann (1839-1921) and Felix Maria von Exner (1876 -1930). Hanns was important in climatology and a world-wide began to be in his era as one, meteorologists Austrian school '- Hann also wrote the Comprehensive Textbook of Meteorology (1901) talking about - that one remembers Exner as a great theorist and his work of Dynamic Meteorology (1925).
At the Central Institute worked with many other researchers such as Max Margules (1856-1920), founder of theoretical meteorology and Victor Conrad (1876-1962), discoverer of the discontinuity, named after him in the middle of the crust.
Only once did the tradition of the Central was cut short after the annexation of Austria into the German Reich in climate and weather had to be relocated to Berlin, where it to the German Reich Meteorological were placed, and the Central Institute in Vienna in order to be transformed into a research institute.
After World War II was restored to its original state and there was a considerable human and geographic expansion of the Central Institute, which also reflected in the numerous scientific research.1957 could be purchased a house on the neighboring property, and subsequently adapted for office use, from 1967 to 1973 built a radar tower, a Ballonfüllhaus and a new office building with libraries in two stages of construction at the site of the Central Institute.
It is a subordinate agency of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Science and Research. The headquarters of ZAMG is located in Vienna, In Salzburg, Innsbruck, Graz and Klagenfurt ZAMG is represented by regional offices.
The ZAMG was founded in 1851 and is the oldest weather service in the world. Their tasks, it is not only operate in the various fields of monitoring networks and conduct research, but also make their results available to the public.
Organization
The Hohe Warte in Vienna Döbling is the headquarters of the Central Institute for Meteorology and Regional Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. Are [1] Other regional offices of ZAMG:- Regionalstelle für Salzburg und Oberösterreich ( Stadt Salzburg ) Regional Office for Salzburg and Upper Austria (Salzburg)
- Regionalstelle für Vorarlberg und Tirol ( Innsbruck ) Regional Office for Vorarlberg and Tyrol (Innsbruck)
- Regionalstelle für Kärnten ( Klagenfurt ) Regional Office for Carinthia (Klagenfurt)
- Regionalstelle für die Steiermark ( Graz ) Regional office for Styria (Graz)
Other facilities of ZAMG and observatories of ZAMG are:
- Observatorium Sonnblick Observatory Sonnblick
- Conrad-Observatorium Conrad Observatory
The grounds of the Central Institute has a radar tower. This office building is now home to a large library in the field of meteorology and geophysics.
Departments
Today, the Central, with regional offices for Salzburg and Upper Austria, in Carinthia, Tyrol and Vorarlberg, and Styria, as a quasi-legal institution of the covenant, a modern service company. Only some activities are highlighted: the Synoptikabteilung is responsible with the help of modern technology, for daily forecasting service. The geophysical department conducts by the earthquake - and geomagnetic service. Creates the environment department, using the data obtained from the Austrian Monitoring Network, climate statistics and maps. The technical division is in charge of the meteorological monitoring network, which consists of semi-automatic weather detection systems (TAWES stations) and semi-automatic climate stations (TAKLIS stations). The Department of Environmental Meteorology to study the spread of pollutants in the atmosphere and are starting to crises (eg, leakage of radioactivity into the atmosphere), direct information to the Federal Alarm. The Department for electronic data processing is provided with latest equipment to cope with the extensive computer-controlled processes.Climate
One of the key tasks of ZAMG, it is observed, the climate in Austria and to explore. This has been over the years laid a network of over two hundred semi-automatic weather stations (TAWES) through Austria. Meteorological parameters such as pressure, temperature, wind, precipitation, etc. are from Lake Constance to Lake Neusiedl, but also from the plains up into the mountains (Sonnblick Date Observatory) and controls. This treasure of data is the basis for jedwege climate research and is specifically for the understanding of the current climate of great importance.Synoptic
The Department Synoptik deals with areas of remote sensing with the manual and automatic interpretation of satellite and radar data in relation to an application in the prediction. In the field of numerical models, the research focuses in the development of LAM Aladin, as in the new development of nowcasting model INCA.Environment
The Department of Environmental Meteorology deals with the spread of pollutants in the atmosphere and have fueled the meteorological processes that affect the transport of contaminants. One of the priorities of the department's applied research in this area.Geophysics
The first regional survey of the geomagnetic Austria-Hungarian crown lands was conducted by Karl Kreil in the years 1846-1851. On the occasion of the earthquake in Ljubljana (engl.) in Slovenia (1895) was then the Austrian Seismological Service, which is now operated by the EGD, was founded.Since then, both fields constantly researched. Today's activities include geophysical and environmental issues.
History
July 1851 Emperor Franz Joseph approved the establishment of "... a central institute for meteorological and magnetic observations", the Central Institute for Meteorology and Earth Magnetism, which dates back to an initiative of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Diese richtete bereits 1848 das Ersuchen an Karl Kreil, Direktor der Sternwarte zu Prag und wirkliches Mitglied der Akademie, ein meteorologisches Beobachtungssystem für die österreichische Monarchie zu entwerfen. This sent the request in 1848 to Karl Kreil, director of the observatory at Prague, and full member of the Academy, a meteorological observation system for the Austrian monarchy designing.Karl Kreil (1798–1862) wurde erster Direktor der neu gegründeten Zentralanstalt in der Wieden , und zugleich Professor für Physik an der Universität Wien . Karl Kreil (1798-1862) became the first director of the newly founded Central Institute of Wieden, and also professor of physics at the University of Vienna. This personal union between one hand and Director of University Teachers on the other, remained to this day and lasting influence on the scientific research at the Central Institute. Kreil set up a meteorological observation system for the entire territory of the Austrian monarchy and carried out for this also the first country geomagnetic recording. 1865, began at the Central Institute with the publication of a daily weather map.
1872 moved to Central in it, from Henry Ferstel built, new and final quarters of the Hohe Warte in Vienna Dobling. A year later, in 1873, the Central Institute organized the first international meteorological congress in Vienna, was founded when the International Meteorological Organization (IMO) as a precursor of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
In 1877 the output of daily telegraphic weather reports carried out, with a synoptic map and the forecast for the next day. The new report contained the morning of 60 observation stations from all over Europe, including 24 domestic ones.
By decree of 23 February 1904, was transferred to the Central Service for the entire seismic Austria, which took the name change to Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics after him.
In his position as Director Kreil followed by outstanding scientists, including Julius Hann (1839-1921) and Felix Maria von Exner (1876 -1930). Hanns was important in climatology and a world-wide began to be in his era as one, meteorologists Austrian school '- Hann also wrote the Comprehensive Textbook of Meteorology (1901) talking about - that one remembers Exner as a great theorist and his work of Dynamic Meteorology (1925).
At the Central Institute worked with many other researchers such as Max Margules (1856-1920), founder of theoretical meteorology and Victor Conrad (1876-1962), discoverer of the discontinuity, named after him in the middle of the crust.
Only once did the tradition of the Central was cut short after the annexation of Austria into the German Reich in climate and weather had to be relocated to Berlin, where it to the German Reich Meteorological were placed, and the Central Institute in Vienna in order to be transformed into a research institute.
After World War II was restored to its original state and there was a considerable human and geographic expansion of the Central Institute, which also reflected in the numerous scientific research.1957 could be purchased a house on the neighboring property, and subsequently adapted for office use, from 1967 to 1973 built a radar tower, a Ballonfüllhaus and a new office building with libraries in two stages of construction at the site of the Central Institute.