Chalcography are engravings on copper

Copper

Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; an exposed surface has a reddish-orange tarnish...

 plates used for printmaking and for illustrations in the production of books. The Monte dei Santi di Dio by Antonio Bettini

Antonio Bettini

Antonio Bettini was an Italian clergyman and writer.Bettini was born in Siena in 1396. He joined the convent of San Girolamo in Siena in 1439 and worked closely with Pope Pius II. Pius made Bettini bishop of Foligno in 1461. For Pope Sixtus IV, Bettini may have traveled to France and Germany...

 is the most ancient book bearing chalcographies, printed in Florence

Florence

Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....

 on September 10, 1477 from Nicolo di Lorenzo Tedesco. Its primacy is contested by Ptolemy

Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy , was a Roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology. He lived in Egypt under Roman rule, and is believed to have been born in the town of Ptolemais Hermiou in the...

's Cosmographia

Cosmographia

Cosmographia may refer to:-Written works:*Cosmographia, an alternative name for Ptolemy's Geographia...

, printed in Bologna

Bologna

Bologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...

 on June 23, 1477 from Domenico de' Lapi, a Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...

 translation from Jacopo d'Angelo, containing geographical charts and maps by Taddeo Crivelli

Taddeo Crivelli

Taddeo Crivelli, a miniature painter of Ferrara in the 15th century, was engaged from 1455 to 1461, in company with Franco de' Russi, in painting the pictures in the costly Bible of Duke Borso of Ferrara; he also illustrated a number of other works. He died about 1484.-References:...

, engraved in copper plates.