Chang Myon
Encyclopedia
Chang Myon or John Myun Chang, was a South Korean politician and educator. He was the Vice President
of the First Republic
and the Prime Minister
of the Second Republic
. Under the policy of sōshi-kaimei
in Korea under Japanese rule, he adopted the Japanese name .
in New York City. He served as South Korea's first ambassador
to the United States from 1949 to 1951. He was appointed as the second prime minister of the Republic of Korea on November 23, 1950. In 1956, he was elected vice president
of South Korea
.
After Syngman Rhee
's government was ousted by a student-led pro-democracy uprising, he was appointed Prime Minister of the Second Republic in 1960. Although the position of the President still existed, Chang Myon functioned as the head of the South Korean government. Chang Myon's government ended when Park Chung-hee
led a successful coup, which ended the Second Republic.
is the Roman Catholic bishop of Chuncheon
and a former president of the South Korean Conference of Catholic Bishops.
Vice President of South Korea
The following is a list of Vice Presidents of South Korea since its independence.To avoid confusion, all the names on this list follow the Eastern convention for consistency....
of the First Republic
First Republic of South Korea
The First Republic of South Korea was South Korea's first independent government, ruling the country from 1948 to 1960. It succeeded USAMGIK, the United States military government, which ruled the area from 1945 to 1948. The First Republic was established on August 15, 1948, with Syngman Rhee as...
and the Prime Minister
Prime Minister of South Korea
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
of the Second Republic
Second Republic of South Korea
The Second Republic of South Korea was the government of South Korea for eight months in 1960 and 1961. It succeeded the First Republic, but was followed by a military government under the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction.-Establishment:...
. Under the policy of sōshi-kaimei
Soshi-kaimei
Sōshi-kaimei was a policy created by Jiro Minami, Governor-General of Korea under the Empire of Japan, implemented upon Japanese subjects from Korea . As defined by Ordinance No...
in Korea under Japanese rule, he adopted the Japanese name .
Early life and career
A devout Roman Catholic, he graduated from Manhattan CollegeManhattan College
Manhattan College is a Roman Catholic liberal arts college in the Lasallian tradition in New York City, United States. Despite the college's name, it is no longer located in Manhattan but in the Riverdale section of the Bronx, roughly 10 miles north of Midtown. Manhattan College offers...
in New York City. He served as South Korea's first ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
to the United States from 1949 to 1951. He was appointed as the second prime minister of the Republic of Korea on November 23, 1950. In 1956, he was elected vice president
Vice president
A vice president is an officer in government or business who is below a president in rank. The name comes from the Latin vice meaning 'in place of'. In some countries, the vice president is called the deputy president...
of South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
.
After Syngman Rhee
Syngman Rhee
Syngman Rhee or Yi Seungman was the first president of South Korea. His presidency, from August 1948 to April 1960, remains controversial, affected by Cold War tensions on the Korean peninsula and elsewhere. Rhee was regarded as an anti-Communist and a strongman, and he led South Korea through the...
's government was ousted by a student-led pro-democracy uprising, he was appointed Prime Minister of the Second Republic in 1960. Although the position of the President still existed, Chang Myon functioned as the head of the South Korean government. Chang Myon's government ended when Park Chung-hee
Park Chung-hee
Park Chung-hee was a Republic of Korea Army general and the leader of South Korea from 1961 to 1979. He seized power in a military coup and ruled until his assassination in 1979. He has been credited with the industrialization of the Republic of Korea through export-led growth...
led a successful coup, which ended the Second Republic.
Family
His son John Chang-yikJohn Chang-yik
The Right Reverend John Chang-yik is Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ch’unch’on, South Korea.The son of Chang Myon, he was born as Chang Ik. On 30 March 1963, aged 29, he was ordained a parish priest. On 11 November 1994, aged 61, he was appointed as Bishop of Ch’unch’on and ordained a...
is the Roman Catholic bishop of Chuncheon
Chuncheon
Chuncheon is the capital of Gangwon Province, South Korea. The city lies in the northeast of the country, located in a basin formed by the Soyang River and Han River. There are some large lakes around the city, most notably Lake Soyang and Lake Uiam...
and a former president of the South Korean Conference of Catholic Bishops.
Other
- April 1919 Yongsan Teaching with little theological lecturer
- April 1, 1930 Seoul DongSung Commercial High School teacher
- 1931 DongSung Commercial High School chief of administration
- November 9, 1936 DongSung Commercial High School Principal
- April 1939 - August 1942 GyeSeong elementary school 3rd Principal
- September 1948 UN mission on behalf of the Republic of Korea
- 1950 2nd KoreaKoreaKorea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
Prime Minister - 1956 4th Vice-President of the Republic of Korea
- April 23, 1960 retired
- August 18, 1960 8dr KoreaKoreaKorea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea
See also
- Democratic Party of Korea
- Park Chung-heePark Chung-heePark Chung-hee was a Republic of Korea Army general and the leader of South Korea from 1961 to 1979. He seized power in a military coup and ruled until his assassination in 1979. He has been credited with the industrialization of the Republic of Korea through export-led growth...
- Syngman RheeSyngman RheeSyngman Rhee or Yi Seungman was the first president of South Korea. His presidency, from August 1948 to April 1960, remains controversial, affected by Cold War tensions on the Korean peninsula and elsewhere. Rhee was regarded as an anti-Communist and a strongman, and he led South Korea through the...
- Yun Bo-SeonYun Bo-seonYun Bo-seon was a Korean former independence activist and politician, and the President of South Korea from 1960 to 1962. Studying in the UK, he graduated from the University of Edinburgh and gained an M.A., After returning home in 1932...
- Yun Chi-ho
- Yun Chi-Young
- Jang Jun-haJang Jun-haJang Jun-Ha was a Korean independence activist, journalist and politician, and democracy activist....
- Kim Young-samKim Young-samKim Young-sam was a South Korean politician and democratic activist. From 1961, he spent 30 years as South Korea's leader of the opposition, and one of Park Chung-hee's most powerful rivals....
- Heo JeongHeo JeongHeo Jeong was a Korean politician and independence activist. Heo was the sixth prime minister of South Korea during the Second Republic. He was also an acting prime minister during the First Republic...