Charles Cutler Torrey was an American

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 historian

History

History is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...

, archeologist

Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology , is the study of human society, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes...

 and scholar who presented manuscripturial evidence to support alternate views on Christian

Christianity

Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...

 and Islam

Islam

Islam . The most common are and .   : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...

ic religious sources and origins. He founded the American School of Archaeology

American Schools of Oriental Research

The American Schools of Oriental Research, founded in 1900, supports and encourages the study of the peoples and cultures of the Near East, from the earliest times to the present. It is apolitical and has no religious affiliation...

  at Jerusalem in 1901.

Torrey taught Semitic languages at the Andover Theological Seminary (1892–1900) and Yale University

Yale University

Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...

 (1900–32).

Some of Charles Cutler Torrey's studies are included in The Origins of The Koran: Classic Essays on Islam’s Holy Book edited by Ibn Warraq

Ibn Warraq

Ibn Warraq is the pen name of a polemical author of Pakistani origin who is critical of Islam, and who founded the Institute for the Secularisation of Islamic Society . He is a senior research fellow at the Center for Inquiry focusing on Qur'anic criticism...

.

Books

• The Mohammedan Conquest of Egypt and North Africa (1901), based on the Arabic work of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam, of which he subsequently published an edition (1922).
• Full online book: The Jewish Foundation of Islam (1933).
• The Composition and Historical Value of Ezra-Nehemiah (1896)
• Ezra Studies (1910)
• The Chronicler's History of Israel (1954).
• In The Second Isaiah: A New Interpretation (1928), he argued that Isa. 34–35 and 40–66 should be dated c. 400 BC.
• Original Prophecy (1930) presents his theory that the canonical book of Ezekiel is a revision of a 3rd-century pseudepigraphon.
• The Translations Made from the Original Aramaic Gospels (1912)
• The Four Gospels: A New Translation (1933),
• Our Translated Gospels (1936), Torrey held that the four Gospels were Greek translations from Aramaic originals.
• Apocalypse of John (1958) argues that Revelation was a translation of an Aramaic original written in AD 68.

External links

• The Four Gospels: A New Translation at Universal Digital Library.