Charles III of Navarre
Encyclopedia
Charles III called the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1387 to his death and Count of Évreux
from 1387 to 1404, when he exchanged it for the title Duke of Nemours
. He spent his reign improving the infrastructure of his kingdom, restoring Navarre's pride after the dismal reign of his father, Charles the Bad
, and mending strained relations with France.
Charles III was born at Mantes-la-Jolie
. He married the infanta Eleanor
, daughter of Henry II of Castile, in 1375, putting an end to the conflict between Castile and Navarre.
As king, his politics were peace with France, Castile, Aragon
, and England
, support for the Avignon Papacy
, and matrimonial alliance. He collaborated with Castile in a war on the Kingdom of Granada. By the Treaty of Paris, he abandoned his claims to Champagne
and Brie
and made peace with France.
In 1413, he created the Cort, a sort of supreme court
. He created the title Prince of Viana
for the heir the throne, entitling his grandson Charles
in 1423. He was a patron of the arts and he finished construction on the great Gothic
Cathedral of Pamplona
. He built the royal palace at Tafalla
and the Palacio Real de Olite
, where he died in 1425.
His sister, Joanna of Navarre, married Henry IV of England
.
Count of Évreux
The Count of Évreux was a French noble title and was named after the town of Évreux in Normandy. It was successibly used by the Norman dynasty, the Montfort-l'Amaury family, the Capetian's as well as the House of La Tour d'Auvergne...
from 1387 to 1404, when he exchanged it for the title Duke of Nemours
Duke of Nemours
In the 12th and 13th centuries the Lordship of Nemours, in the Gatinais, France, was in possession of the house of Villebeon, a member of which, Gautier, was marshal of France in the middle of the 13th century...
. He spent his reign improving the infrastructure of his kingdom, restoring Navarre's pride after the dismal reign of his father, Charles the Bad
Charles II of Navarre
Charles II , called "Charles the Bad", was King of Navarre 1349-1387 and Count of Évreux 1343-1387....
, and mending strained relations with France.
Charles III was born at Mantes-la-Jolie
Mantes-la-Jolie
Mantes-la-Jolie is a commune based in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris from the center. Mantes-la-Jolie is a sub-prefecture department.-History:...
. He married the infanta Eleanor
Eleanor of Castile (d. 1416)
Eleanor of Castile was an infanta of Castile and the Queen consort of Navarre.She was the daughter of King Henry II of Castile and his wife, Juana Manuel of Castile, from a cadet branch of the Castilian royal house...
, daughter of Henry II of Castile, in 1375, putting an end to the conflict between Castile and Navarre.
As king, his politics were peace with France, Castile, Aragon
Crown of Aragon
The Crown of Aragon Corona d'Aragón Corona d'Aragó Corona Aragonum controlling a large portion of the present-day eastern Spain and southeastern France, as well as some of the major islands and mainland possessions stretching across the Mediterranean as far as Greece...
, and England
Kingdom of England
The Kingdom of England was, from 927 to 1707, a sovereign state to the northwest of continental Europe. At its height, the Kingdom of England spanned the southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain and several smaller outlying islands; what today comprises the legal jurisdiction of England...
, support for the Avignon Papacy
Avignon Papacy
The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven Popes resided in Avignon, in modern-day France. This arose from the conflict between the Papacy and the French crown....
, and matrimonial alliance. He collaborated with Castile in a war on the Kingdom of Granada. By the Treaty of Paris, he abandoned his claims to Champagne
Champagne, France
Champagne is a historic province in the northeast of France, now best known for the sparkling white wine that bears its name.Formerly ruled by the counts of Champagne, its western edge is about 100 miles east of Paris. The cities of Troyes, Reims, and Épernay are the commercial centers of the area...
and Brie
Brie
Brie is a historic region of France most famous for its dairy products, especially Brie cheese. It was once divided into two sections ruled by different feudal lords: the western Brie française, corresponding roughly to the modern department of Seine-et-Marne in the Île-de-France region; the...
and made peace with France.
In 1413, he created the Cort, a sort of supreme court
Supreme court
A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of many legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, instance court, judgment court, high court, or apex court...
. He created the title Prince of Viana
Prince of Viana
The Prince of Viana is one of the titles of the heir of the Crown of Spain. Other associated titles originate from the rest of the kingdoms that formed Spain: Prince of Asturias, Prince of Girona, Duke of Montblanc, Count of Cervera and Lord of Balaguer....
for the heir the throne, entitling his grandson Charles
Charles of Viana
Charles, Prince of Viana , sometimes called Charles IV of Navarre, was the son of King John II of Aragon and Queen Blanche I of Navarre.- Background :...
in 1423. He was a patron of the arts and he finished construction on the great Gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
Cathedral of Pamplona
Cathedral of Pamplona
The Cathedral of Royal Saint Mary is the Roman Catholic cathedral of the archdiocese of Pamplona, Spain. The current 15th century Gothic temple replaced an older Romanesque one. Archaeological excavations have revealed the existence of other two previous churches. The Neoclassical façade was...
. He built the royal palace at Tafalla
Tafalla
Tafalla is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain.-External links:**...
and the Palacio Real de Olite
Palacio Real de Olite
The Palacio de los Reyes de Navarra de Olite or Castillo de Olite was built during the 13th and 14th centuries in the town of Olite...
, where he died in 1425.
His sister, Joanna of Navarre, married Henry IV of England
Henry IV of England
Henry IV was King of England and Lord of Ireland . He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry Bolingbroke...
.
Issue
Charles and Eleanor's children were:- JoannaJoan, Heiress of NavarreJoan of Navarre also known as Jeanne d'Évreux or Joanna was the eldest child of Charles III of Navarre by his wife Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of Castile....
(1382–1413), married John I, Count of FoixJohn I, Count of FoixJohn I, Count of Foix also known as Jean de Foix-Grailly was Count of Foix from 1428 until his death in 1436. He succeeded his mother Isabella, Countess of Foix...
, no issue - BlancheBlanche I of NavarreBlanche I was Queen of Navarre from 1425 to 1441. She became queen regnant upon the death of her father King Charles III of Navarre...
(1385/91-1441), married John II of AragonJohn II of AragonJohn II the Faithless, also known as the Great was the King of Aragon from 1458 until 1479, and jure uxoris King of Navarre from 1425 until his death. He was the son of Ferdinand I and his wife Eleanor of Alburquerque...
, became Queen of Navarre and had issue - IsabellaIsabella of NavarreIsabella of Navarre was the younger surviving daughter of Charles III of Navarre and his wife Eleanor of Castile. She was a member of the House of Évreux.- Early Life and Family :...
(1395–1435), married in 1419 to John IV of ArmagnacJohn IV of ArmagnacJohn IV was a Count of Armagnac, Fézensac, and Rodez from 1418 to 1450. He was the son of Bernard VII of Armagnac, Count d' Armagnac, of Fézensac, Pardiac, and Rodez; and the brother of Bernard of Armagnac, Count of Pardiac, of La Marche and Duke of Nemours...
, had issue and they were great great grandparents of Henry IV of FranceHenry IV of FranceHenry IV , Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France.... - BeatriceBeatrice of Navarre (1392–1412)Beatrice of Navarre was a daughter of Charles III of Navarre and his wife Eleanor of Castile.- Biography :She was a member of the House of Évreux...
(1392–1412), married to James II, Count of La MarcheJames II, Count of La MarcheJames II of Bourbon-La Marche was the son of John I, Count of La Marche and Catherine of Vendôme.-Early life:...
and had issue - Maria (1388–1425), died unmarried and childless
- Margaret (1390–1403), died unmarried and childless
- Charles (1397–1402), Prince of VianaPrince of VianaThe Prince of Viana is one of the titles of the heir of the Crown of Spain. Other associated titles originate from the rest of the kingdoms that formed Spain: Prince of Asturias, Prince of Girona, Duke of Montblanc, Count of Cervera and Lord of Balaguer....
, but died young - Louis (1402), Prince of VianaPrince of VianaThe Prince of Viana is one of the titles of the heir of the Crown of Spain. Other associated titles originate from the rest of the kingdoms that formed Spain: Prince of Asturias, Prince of Girona, Duke of Montblanc, Count of Cervera and Lord of Balaguer....
, but died young