Charles Tillon
Encyclopedia
Charles Tillon was a French
politician.
Tillon was born in Rennes
in the Ille-et-Vilaine
département.
When he was mobilized in 1916 with the French navy, he was one of the leaders of the mutiny aboard the French dreadnought
s, Jean Bart
and France
,
on the Black Sea
on June 26, 1919. He was sentenced to five years at hard labor in the penal battalions in Morocco
. In 1921, he was released following a general pardon. Radicalized by his period in the penal battalion, he joined the French Communist Party
and the CGT
union. He entered the central committee of the party in 1932 and became the deputy of Aubervilliers
in 1936.
After the September, 1939 dissolution of the French Communist Party, he organized the Francs-tireurs
section of the French Resistance
clandestinely and became the chief of its national military committee.
After the war, he was elected as the communist deputy of the Seine region in 1945 and reelected in 1951. He was a member of two constitutional assemblies in 1945-1946, after which he took a position in the French National Assembly
in 1955. He was a member of the French Communist Party's political bureau from 1945-1952 and directed the Movement for Peace. He was excluded from the FCP in 1952, together with André Marty
, following the Marty-Tillon Affair. Tillon was reinstated in 1957, and again excluded in 1970 after protesting against the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union
and criticisms of the Stalinist functioning of the FCP.
He died in Marseilles on Wednesday 13 January 1993.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
politician.
Biography
Rennes
Rennes is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France. Rennes is the capital of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine department.-History:...
in the Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country.- History :Ille-et-Vilaine is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790...
département.
When he was mobilized in 1916 with the French navy, he was one of the leaders of the mutiny aboard the French dreadnought
Dreadnought
The dreadnought was the predominant type of 20th-century battleship. The first of the kind, the Royal Navy's had such an impact when launched in 1906 that similar battleships built after her were referred to as "dreadnoughts", and earlier battleships became known as pre-dreadnoughts...
s, Jean Bart
French battleship Jean Bart (1911)
Jean Bart was the second ship of the s, the first dreadnoughts built for the French Navy. She was completed before World War I as part of the 1910 naval building programme. She spent the war in the Mediterranean and helped to sink the Austro-Hungarian protected cruiser on 16 August 1914...
and France
French battleship France
France was the last ship of the s, the first dreadnoughts built for the French Navy. She was completed just before World War I as part of the 1911 naval building programme. She spent the war in the Mediterranean, covering the Otranto Barrage in the Adriatic...
,
on the Black Sea
Black Sea
The Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas and various straits. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, and the strait of the Dardanelles connects that sea to the Aegean...
on June 26, 1919. He was sentenced to five years at hard labor in the penal battalions in Morocco
Morocco
Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
. In 1921, he was released following a general pardon. Radicalized by his period in the penal battalion, he joined the French Communist Party
French Communist Party
The French Communist Party is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism.Although its electoral support has declined in recent decades, the PCF retains a large membership, behind only that of the Union for a Popular Movement , and considerable influence in French...
and the CGT
Confédération générale du travail
The General Confederation of Labour is a national trade union center, the first of the five major French confederations of trade unions.It is the largest in terms of votes , and second largest in terms of membership numbers.Its membership decreased to 650,000 members in 1995-96 The General...
union. He entered the central committee of the party in 1932 and became the deputy of Aubervilliers
Aubervilliers
Aubervilliers is a commune in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-Name:In medieval times the name Aubervilliers was recorded as Alberti Villare, meaning "estate of Adalbert"...
in 1936.
After the September, 1939 dissolution of the French Communist Party, he organized the Francs-tireurs
Francs-tireurs
Francs-tireurs – literally "free shooters" – was used to describe irregular military formations deployed by France during the early stages of the Franco-Prussian War...
section of the French Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
clandestinely and became the chief of its national military committee.
After the war, he was elected as the communist deputy of the Seine region in 1945 and reelected in 1951. He was a member of two constitutional assemblies in 1945-1946, after which he took a position in the French National Assembly
French National Assembly
The French National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic. The upper house is the Senate ....
in 1955. He was a member of the French Communist Party's political bureau from 1945-1952 and directed the Movement for Peace. He was excluded from the FCP in 1952, together with André Marty
André Marty
André Marty was a leading figure in the French Communist Party, the PCF, for nearly thirty years. He was also a member of the National Assembly, with some interruptions, from 1924 to 1955; Secretary of Comintern from 1935 to 1944; and Political Commissar of the International Brigades during the...
, following the Marty-Tillon Affair. Tillon was reinstated in 1957, and again excluded in 1970 after protesting against the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union
Prague Spring
The Prague Spring was a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during the era of its domination by the Soviet Union after World War II...
and criticisms of the Stalinist functioning of the FCP.
He died in Marseilles on Wednesday 13 January 1993.
Government functions
- Air minister of the first government of Charles de GaulleCharles de GaulleCharles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle was a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969....
(from 10 September 1944 to 21 November 1945) - Armaments minister of the second government of Charles de Gaulle (from 21 November 1945 to 26 January 1946)
- Armaments minister of the government of Félix GouinFélix GouinFélix Gouin was a French Socialist politician, member of the French Section of the Workers' International .-Personal life:Félix Gouin was born in Peypin, Bouches-du-Rhône, the son of school teachers...
(from 26 January 1945 to 24 June 1946) - Armaments minister of the first government of Georges BidaultGeorges BidaultGeorges-Augustin Bidault was a French politician. During World War II, he was active in the French Resistance. After the war, he served as foreign minister and prime minister on several occasions before he joined the Organisation armée secrète.-Early life:...
(from 24 June 1946 to 16 December 1946) - Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning of the first government of Paul RamadierPaul RamadierPaul Ramadier was a prominent French politician of the Third and Fourth Republics. Mayor of Decazeville starting in 1919, he served as the first Prime Minister of the Fourth Republic in 1947. On 10 July 1940, he voted against the granting of the full powers to Marshal Philippe Pétain, who...
(from 22 January 1947 to 4 May 1947)