Chitalmari Upazila
Encyclopedia
Chitalmari is an upazila of Bagerhat District
in the Khulna Division, Bangladesh
.
on the north, Kachua Upazila
and Bagerhat Sadar Upazila
on the south, Nazirpur Upazila
on the east, and Mollahat Upazila
and Fakirhat Upazila
on the west. Lakkhanar Beel, Kalshirar Beel and Ruiar Beel are notable. The main rivers are the Madhumati, Kaliganga, Chitra, and Baleshwar
rivers.
, Chitalmari has a population of 127,524. Males constitute 50.78% of the population, and females 49.22%. This Upazila's eighteen-and-up population is 65,065. Chitalmari has an average literacy rate of 37% (7+ years), and the national average is 32.4% literate. Chitalmari's religious composition is 60.45% Muslim
, 39.35% Hindu
, and 2% others. Religious institutions include 184 mosque
s, 72 temple
s, and one church. Notable sacred places are Central Jami Mosque, Durgapur Temple and Boalia Durga Mandir.
Chitalmari (Town) consists of 2 mouza
s with an area of 0.89 km². It has a population of 973; male 53.55%, female 46.45%. The literacy rate among the town's people is 52.5%.
Chitalmari thana
was turned into an upazila in 1983. Chitalmari has 7 unions/wards, 58 mouza
s/mahalla
s, and 121 villages.
. Among the peasants, 40% are landless, 29% own a small amount of land, 18% are classified as intermediate and 13% are rich. The main crops are paddy, wheat
, jute
, pulse
, onion
, chalkumra and potato
. Extinct and nearly extinct crops include tobacco
, spices, jute
, and aman paddy. Fruits produced include the mango
, blackberry
, banana
, coconut
and betel nut
. Roads: pucca 15 km, semi pucca 20 km and mud roads 432 km. There are 8 flour mills, 2 chira mills, 4 ice factories, and 127 rice mills. Major cottage industries include bamboo work, tailoring, wood work, weaving, goldsmith, blacksmith and welding. Notable fairs and markets include Shailadha Bazaar, Khager Hat and Chardakatia Baruni Mela. Chief exports include leather
, paddy, banana
, coconut
, betel nut
and vegetables.
There is one public library, one cinema hall, 2 theatre groups, 123 rural clubs and 30 playgrounds.
The local newspaper is Namos Dut, edited and published by Bivash Das.
During the war of liberation, the Pakistan Army, in collaboration with local razakar
s, conducted mass killings at Khalishakhali and Babuganj Bazaars. They killed about 200 villagers. The event is commemorated by a monument at Santuspur.
Bagerhat District
The district of Bagerhat consists 7815 mosques, 238 temples, 17 churches and seven tombs. The Sixty Pillar Mosque or Shat Gambuj Masjid is famous mosque. Khan Jahan Ali's tomb is the famous tombs.-Places of interest:- External links :...
in the Khulna Division, Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
.
Geography
Chitalmari is located at 22.78071°N 89.87390°E. It has 24,306 households and a total area of 192 km². Chitalmari Upazila is bounded by Tungipara UpazilaTungipara Upazila
Tungipara is an Upazila of Gopalganj District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is the birthplace of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, who is considered as the father of the nation and founder of independent Bangladesh.-Geography:...
on the north, Kachua Upazila
Kachua Upazila
Kachua is an Upazila of Chandpur District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh.-Geography:Kachua is located at . It has 50262 units of house hold and total area 235.82 km².kachua sawoth chandpur-Demographics:...
and Bagerhat Sadar Upazila
Bagerhat Sadar Upazila
Bagerhat Sadar is an Upazila of Bagerhat District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.-Geography:Bagerhat Sadar is located at . It has 45527 units of house hold and total area 272.73 km².Total union 10.-Demographics:...
on the south, Nazirpur Upazila
Nazirpur Upazila
Nazirpur is an Upazila of Pirojpur District in the Division of Barisal, Bangladesh.-Geography:Nazirpur is located at . It has 31862 units of house hold and total area 233.65 km².-Demographics:...
on the east, and Mollahat Upazila
Mollahat Upazila
Mollahat is an Upazila of Bagerhat District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.-Geography:Mollahat is located at . It has 21465 units of house hold and total area 187.88 km².-Demographics:...
and Fakirhat Upazila
Fakirhat Upazila
Fakirhat is an Upazila of Bagerhat District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh. It is famous for "Sixty Dome Mosque" of medieval age and the Khan Jahan Ali mazar.-Geography:...
on the west. Lakkhanar Beel, Kalshirar Beel and Ruiar Beel are notable. The main rivers are the Madhumati, Kaliganga, Chitra, and Baleshwar
Baleshwar River
The Baleshwar River is located in Bangladesh. It borders the largest mangrove forest in the world, in the Sundarbans delta....
rivers.
Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Chitalmari has a population of 127,524. Males constitute 50.78% of the population, and females 49.22%. This Upazila's eighteen-and-up population is 65,065. Chitalmari has an average literacy rate of 37% (7+ years), and the national average is 32.4% literate. Chitalmari's religious composition is 60.45% Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
, 39.35% Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
, and 2% others. Religious institutions include 184 mosque
Mosque
A mosque is a place of worship for followers of Islam. The word is likely to have entered the English language through French , from Portuguese , from Spanish , and from Berber , ultimately originating in — . The Arabic word masjid literally means a place of prostration...
s, 72 temple
Temple
A temple is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites. A templum constituted a sacred precinct as defined by a priest, or augur. It has the same root as the word "template," a plan in preparation of the building that was marked out...
s, and one church. Notable sacred places are Central Jami Mosque, Durgapur Temple and Boalia Durga Mandir.
Chitalmari (Town) consists of 2 mouza
Mouza
In Bangladesh, a mouza is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a revenue collection unit in a pargana or revenue district. As populations increased and villages...
s with an area of 0.89 km². It has a population of 973; male 53.55%, female 46.45%. The literacy rate among the town's people is 52.5%.
Chitalmari thana
Thana
Thana means "police station" in South Asian countries, and can also mean the district controlled by a police station.* Thana, along with upazila, is a subdistrict in the Administrative divisions of Bangladesh...
was turned into an upazila in 1983. Chitalmari has 7 unions/wards, 58 mouza
Mouza
In Bangladesh, a mouza is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a revenue collection unit in a pargana or revenue district. As populations increased and villages...
s/mahalla
Mahalla
A mahalla is an urban division in Uzbekistan. Historically, mahallas were autonomous social institutions built around familial ties and Islamic rituals. Before the establishment of the Soviet rule in Uzbekistan, Mahallas fulfilled local self-government functions connecting private sphere with...
s, and 121 villages.
Economy
The main occupations can be categorized thus: 52.77% agriculture, 1.35% fishing, 24.11% agricultural labourer, 1.72% non-agricultural labourer, 8.49% commerce, 5.18% service, and 6.38% others. There are 15,584 hectares of arable land (0.11 hectares of arable land per head) and 3206 hectares of fallow land. The average market value of first-grade land is Tk. 5000 per 0.01 hectare. 89% of the land is under irrigationIrrigation
Irrigation may be defined as the science of artificial application of water to the land or soil. It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall...
. Among the peasants, 40% are landless, 29% own a small amount of land, 18% are classified as intermediate and 13% are rich. The main crops are paddy, wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
, jute
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae, or more recently in Malvaceae....
, pulse
Pulse (legume)
A pulse is an annual leguminous crop yielding from one to twelve seeds of variable size, shape, and color within a pod. Pulses are used for food and animal feed. The term "pulse", as used by the Food and Agricultural Organization , is reserved for crops harvested solely for the dry seed...
, onion
Onion
The onion , also known as the bulb onion, common onion and garden onion, is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. The genus Allium also contains a number of other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion The onion...
, chalkumra and potato
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
. Extinct and nearly extinct crops include tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
, spices, jute
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae, or more recently in Malvaceae....
, and aman paddy. Fruits produced include the mango
Mango
The mango is a fleshy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to India from where it spread all over the world. It is also the most cultivated fruit of the tropical world. While...
, blackberry
Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by any of several species in the Rubus genus of the Rosaceae family. The fruit is not a true berry; botanically it is termed an aggregate fruit, composed of small drupelets. The plants typically have biennial canes and perennial roots. Blackberries and...
, banana
Banana
Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....
, coconut
Coconut
The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is a member of the family Arecaceae . It is the only accepted species in the genus Cocos. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which is not a botanical nut. The spelling cocoanut is an old-fashioned form of the word...
and betel nut
Betel nut
The Areca nut is the seed of the Areca palm , which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. It is commonly referred to as "betel nut" as it is often chewed wrapped in betel leaves.-Description:...
. Roads: pucca 15 km, semi pucca 20 km and mud roads 432 km. There are 8 flour mills, 2 chira mills, 4 ice factories, and 127 rice mills. Major cottage industries include bamboo work, tailoring, wood work, weaving, goldsmith, blacksmith and welding. Notable fairs and markets include Shailadha Bazaar, Khager Hat and Chardakatia Baruni Mela. Chief exports include leather
Leather
Leather is a durable and flexible material created via the tanning of putrescible animal rawhide and skin, primarily cattlehide. It can be produced through different manufacturing processes, ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.-Forms:...
, paddy, banana
Banana
Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....
, coconut
Coconut
The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is a member of the family Arecaceae . It is the only accepted species in the genus Cocos. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which is not a botanical nut. The spelling cocoanut is an old-fashioned form of the word...
, betel nut
Betel nut
The Areca nut is the seed of the Areca palm , which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. It is commonly referred to as "betel nut" as it is often chewed wrapped in betel leaves.-Description:...
and vegetables.
Facilities and infrastructure
There are many private hospitals and one 50-bed hospital. Educational institutions include 2 colleges (Sher-E-Bangla Degree College and Bangobindhu Women’s College), 26 high schools, 14 madrasas, 63 government primary schools and 45 non-government primary schools. Many high-ranking government officials have come from Chitalmari Upazila.There is one public library, one cinema hall, 2 theatre groups, 123 rural clubs and 30 playgrounds.
The local newspaper is Namos Dut, edited and published by Bivash Das.
During the war of liberation, the Pakistan Army, in collaboration with local razakar
Razakar
Razakar is an Urdu word for volunteer and may historically refer to:*Razakars : Islamist East Pakistani militia that aided the Pakistan Army against the Mukti Bahini during the Bangladesh Liberation War...
s, conducted mass killings at Khalishakhali and Babuganj Bazaars. They killed about 200 villagers. The event is commemorated by a monument at Santuspur.