Chlumec nad Cidlinou
Encyclopedia
Chlumec nad Cidlinou (ˈxlumɛts ˈnat tsɪdlɪnou̯) is a city of the Czech Republic
in Bohemia
, Hradec Králové Region
.
It is situated near Hradec Králové
at the confluence of the rivers Cidlina and Bystřice. The town lies at an average height of 206 metres above sea level
. The nearest neighbourhood is surrounded by gardens and after it the town is often called Town in gardens.
probably some time in the 11th century. The first written record of this came from 1110
during the conflict between Vladislaus I of Bohemia
and the Polish king Bolesław III Wrymouth.
Other written records come from the year of 1130 when Zdeslav and Diviš of Chlumec are mentioned
on the local water citadel built near a ford of the Cidlina. In 1167 Zdeslav is addressed
as the Burgrave
of Kouřim
and in 1170 as the burgrave of Žatec
.
The House of Šternberk owned the town until 1393, and between 1400 and 1461 the Lords of Bergov
interchanged by many other owners such as Samuel of Hrádek (1469), Vaněk of Valečov (1472) or
Jan and Vilém od Landštejn (until 1517).
From 1611 Chlumec belonged to the House of Kinsky
of Vchynice and Tetov. Their estates were nationalised in 1948 but restituted
in 1989.
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
in Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
, Hradec Králové Region
Hradec Králové Region
Hradec Králové Region is an administrative unit of the Czech Republic, located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Hradec Králové....
.
It is situated near Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Hradec Králové Region of Bohemia. The city's economy is based on food-processing technology, photochemical, and electronics manufacture. Traditional industries include musical instrument manufacturing – the best known being PETROF pianos...
at the confluence of the rivers Cidlina and Bystřice. The town lies at an average height of 206 metres above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
. The nearest neighbourhood is surrounded by gardens and after it the town is often called Town in gardens.
History
The settlement and later the town Chlumec nad Cidlinou was founded on the hill named Chlumprobably some time in the 11th century. The first written record of this came from 1110
during the conflict between Vladislaus I of Bohemia
Vladislaus I of Bohemia
Vladislaus I , duke of Bohemia from 1109 to 1117 and from 1120 to April 12, 1125.Vladislav I was a son of Duke, later King, Vratislav II of Bohemia by his second wife Swatawa, a daughter of Casimir I of Poland. Together with his cousin Svatopluk, Vladislav expelled his brother Bořivoj II from...
and the Polish king Bolesław III Wrymouth.
Other written records come from the year of 1130 when Zdeslav and Diviš of Chlumec are mentioned
on the local water citadel built near a ford of the Cidlina. In 1167 Zdeslav is addressed
as the Burgrave
Burgrave
A burgrave is literally the count of a castle or fortified town. The English form is derived through the French from the German Burggraf and Dutch burg- or burch-graeve .* The title is originally equivalent to that of castellan or châtelain, meaning keeper of a castle and/or fortified town...
of Kouřim
Kourim
Kouřim is a small town in the Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic. It is located 45 km east of Prague and has a population of 1,769 ....
and in 1170 as the burgrave of Žatec
Žatec
Žatec is an old town in the Czech Republic, in Louny District, Ústí nad Labem Region. It has a population of 19,813 .The earliest historical reference to Sacz is in the Latin chronicle of Thietmar of Merseburg of 1004. During the 11th century it belonged to the Vršovci - a powerful Czech...
.
The House of Šternberk owned the town until 1393, and between 1400 and 1461 the Lords of Bergov
interchanged by many other owners such as Samuel of Hrádek (1469), Vaněk of Valečov (1472) or
Jan and Vilém od Landštejn (until 1517).
From 1611 Chlumec belonged to the House of Kinsky
Kinsky
The Kinsky family of the Counts and later Princes was one of the oldest and most illustrious families originating from Bohemia...
of Vchynice and Tetov. Their estates were nationalised in 1948 but restituted
Restitution
The law of restitution is the law of gains-based recovery. It is to be contrasted with the law of compensation, which is the law of loss-based recovery. Obligations to make restitution and obligations to pay compensation are each a type of legal response to events in the real world. When a court...
in 1989.
Sights
- The chateau Karlova KorunaKarlova KorunaKarlova Koruna is a château in the town of Chlumec nad Cidlinou in the Czech Republic.-History:The château was built for František Ferdinand Kinský from 1721-1723.Construction was completed in time for King Charles VI's coronation...
- dominating to view of town. It was built for František Ferdinand KinskýKinskyThe Kinsky family of the Counts and later Princes was one of the oldest and most illustrious families originating from Bohemia...
between 1721 and 1723 with the basic architectural design drafted by Jan Santini AichelJan Santini AichelJan Blažej Santini Aichel was a Czech architect of Italian descent, whose major works represent a curious amalgam of the Gothic and Baroque styles.-Biography:...
and with the participation in the building process of František Maxmilián KaňkaFrantišek Maxmilián KankaFrantišek Maxmilián Kaňka was a Czech architect and builder.He is most famous for reconstructions of palaces and castles of Bohemian noblemen and for designs of churches and other religious buildings, principally in Baroque style...
. - Holy Trinity Church - the oldest monument in the town, built in 12th century and many times rebuilt later. The building has a flat ceiling with a triangular presbyteryPresbytery (architecture)The presbytery is the name for an area in a church building which is reserved for the clergy.In the oldest church it is separated by short walls, by small columns and pilasters in the Renaissance ones; it can also be raised, being reachable by a few steps, usually with railings....
and a wooden prismatic towerTowerA tower is a tall structure, usually taller than it is wide, often by a significant margin. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires....
. An interior figuration came from 17th century. Around outer presbytery walls are placed an empireEmpireThe term empire derives from the Latin imperium . Politically, an empire is a geographically extensive group of states and peoples united and ruled either by a monarch or an oligarchy....
styled monuments made by sculptor Sucharda. - The empireEmpire (style)The Empire style, , sometimes considered the second phase of Neoclassicism, is an early-19th-century design movement in architecture, furniture, other decorative arts, and the visual arts followed in Europe and America until around 1830, although in the U. S. it continued in popularity in...
Graveyard chapel (also known as Zubatovská) in the municipal park - built in 19th century - The castle chapel of Blessed Virgin Mary
- The temple of Saint UrsulaSaint UrsulaSaint Ursula is a British Christian saint. Her feast day in the extraordinary form calendar of the Catholic Church is October 21...
- The baroqueBaroque architectureBaroque architecture is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and...
Marian column - The former LoretaLoretaLoreta is a large pilgrimage destination in Hradčany, a district of Prague, Czech Republic. It consists of a cloister, the church of the Lord’s Birth, a Holy Hut and the clock tower with a famous chime....
monastery - The statue of rebellious peasantPeasantA peasant is an agricultural worker who generally tend to be poor and homeless-Etymology:The word is derived from 15th century French païsant meaning one from the pays, or countryside, ultimately from the Latin pagus, or outlying administrative district.- Position in society :Peasants typically...
Miscellaneous
Chlumec nad Cidlinou is the birthplace of:- Václav Kliment KlicperaVáclav Kliment KlicperaVáclav Kliment Klicpera was a Czech playwright, author, and poet. He was one of the first presenters of Czech drama, and was especially influential in the foundation of comedic Czech theater....
(born 1792) - playwrightPlaywrightA playwright, also called a dramatist, is a person who writes plays.The term is not a variant spelling of "playwrite", but something quite distinct: the word wright is an archaic English term for a craftsman or builder... - Josef RumlerJosef RumlerJosef Rumler was a Czech poet, literary critic, historian, editor and translator from Polish language and to Esperanto.- Garners :* Vynášení houslí * Hrnek ranního mléka...
(born 1922) - poet, translatorTranslationTranslation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature; there exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of... - Miroslav OuzkýMiroslav OuzkýMiroslav Ouzký is a Czech Member of the European Parliament. He was elected on the Civic Democratic Party ticket and sits with the European Conservatives and Reformists group.-Biography:...
(born 1958) - physicianPhysicianA physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
, politicianPoliticianA politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, Vice President of the European Parliament