Chondroplasty refers to surgery

Surgery

Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...

 of the cartilage

Cartilage

Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas in the bodies of humans and other animals, including the joints between bones, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the elbow, the knee, the ankle, the bronchial tubes and the intervertebral discs...

, the most common being corrective surgery of the cartilage of the knee

Knee

The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the fibula and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest joint in the human body and is very complicated. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus , which permits flexion and extension as...

.

Surgery known as thyroid

Thyroid

The thyroid gland or simply, the thyroid , in vertebrate anatomy, is one of the largest endocrine glands. The thyroid gland is found in the neck, below the thyroid cartilage...

 chondroplasty (or trachea shave) is used to reduce the visibility of the Adam's Apple

Adam's apple

The laryngeal prominence—commonly known as the Adam's Apple—is a feature of the human neck. This lump, or protrusion, is formed by the angle of the thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx...

 in transsexual women.

Adjectives

Chondroplastic — pertaining to plastic operations on cartilage.
http://www.naplesdaysurgery.com/specialties/description.cfm?procedureID=80

Nouns

Chondrotome — An instrument for cutting the cartilage.

Chondrotomy — the dissection or surgical division of cartilage.