Christian Horneman
Encyclopedia
Christian Horneman was a Danish miniature
and pastel
s painter, mainly known for portraits. He was the father of the composer Emil Horneman
and grandfather of C. F. E. Horneman, also a composer.
. He attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts from 1780, winning its small silver medal in 1785 and its large silver mdeal in 1786 its large silver mdeal. In 1787 he went abroad to further his studies and it would take sixteen years before he returned to Denmark. He specialized in portrait miniature
s. He experienced the outbreak of the French Revolution
first hand in Paris in 1789. He also visited Italy and Vienna, where Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
and Heinrich Füger
were among the artists who inspired him. In Berlin he learned a new technique, most likely from Daniel Chodowiecki
, which he often used in his later work.
Om 1803 Horneman returned to Denmark and the following year he was appointed miniature painter to the Royal Danish County. In 1805 he became a member of the Academy and in 1816 he was given free residency at Charlottenborg
. He was made a professor in 1835.
In his later years he suffered from poor health and from 1840 he received an annual pension.
(1802) and Joseph Haydn
, while he made sketches of several others in a sketch book now kept at the Danish National Gallery
. The portrait of Beethoven was painted in 1803 as a miniature. Beethoven was very fond of the result, possibly because he is very good looking in it compared to later representations, and sent it to Stephan von Breuning, a school friend, in the hopes of reconciliation one year after the portrait was completed.
After his return to Denmark he was one among several portrait painters who filled the void after the death of Cornelius Høyer
and Jens Juel
. He made miniatures and particularly pastel
s which was the technigue in which he did his best works. In the 1820s he also turned to lithography
.
Portrait miniature
A portrait miniature is a miniature portrait painting, usually executed in gouache, watercolour, or enamel.Portrait miniatures began to flourish in 16th century Europe and the art was practiced during the 17th century and 18th century...
and pastel
Pastel
Pastel is an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of pure powdered pigment and a binder. The pigments used in pastels are the same as those used to produce all colored art media, including oil paints; the binder is of a neutral hue and low saturation....
s painter, mainly known for portraits. He was the father of the composer Emil Horneman
Emil Horneman
Johan Ole Emil Horneman was a Danish composer.-References:*This article was initially translated from the Danish Wikipedia....
and grandfather of C. F. E. Horneman, also a composer.
Biography
Horneman was born on 15 August 1765 in CopenhagenCopenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
. He attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts from 1780, winning its small silver medal in 1785 and its large silver mdeal in 1786 its large silver mdeal. In 1787 he went abroad to further his studies and it would take sixteen years before he returned to Denmark. He specialized in portrait miniature
Portrait miniature
A portrait miniature is a miniature portrait painting, usually executed in gouache, watercolour, or enamel.Portrait miniatures began to flourish in 16th century Europe and the art was practiced during the 17th century and 18th century...
s. He experienced the outbreak of the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
first hand in Paris in 1789. He also visited Italy and Vienna, where Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, also known as Goethe-Tischbein was a German painter. He was a descendant of the Tischbein family of painters, and a pupil of his uncle Johann Jacob Tischbein....
and Heinrich Füger
Heinrich Füger
Heinrich Friedrich Füger was a German portrait and historical painter.-Biography:...
were among the artists who inspired him. In Berlin he learned a new technique, most likely from Daniel Chodowiecki
Daniel Chodowiecki
Daniel Niklaus Chodowiecki was a Polish - German painter and printmaker with Huguenot ancestry, who is most famous as an etcher...
, which he often used in his later work.
Om 1803 Horneman returned to Denmark and the following year he was appointed miniature painter to the Royal Danish County. In 1805 he became a member of the Academy and in 1816 he was given free residency at Charlottenborg
Charlottenborg Palace
Charlottenborg Palace is a large town mansion located on the corner of Kongens Nytorv and Nyhavn in Copenhagen, Denmark. Originally built as a residence for Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve, it has served as the base of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts since its foundation in 1754...
. He was made a professor in 1835.
In his later years he suffered from poor health and from 1840 he received an annual pension.
Works
While abroad he had the opportunity to make portraits of a few of the leading figures of his day, including Ludwig van BeethovenLudwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential composers of all time.Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of...
(1802) and Joseph Haydn
Joseph Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn , known as Joseph Haydn , was an Austrian composer, one of the most prolific and prominent composers of the Classical period. He is often called the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" because of his important contributions to these forms...
, while he made sketches of several others in a sketch book now kept at the Danish National Gallery
Statens Museum for Kunst
Statens Museum for Kunst is the Danish national gallery located in Copenhagen....
. The portrait of Beethoven was painted in 1803 as a miniature. Beethoven was very fond of the result, possibly because he is very good looking in it compared to later representations, and sent it to Stephan von Breuning, a school friend, in the hopes of reconciliation one year after the portrait was completed.
After his return to Denmark he was one among several portrait painters who filled the void after the death of Cornelius Høyer
Cornelius Høyer
Cornelius Høyer was a Danish painter, mainly known for his work in miniatures. Within his special trade, he was among the virtuosos of his day and won an international reputation.-Biography:Høyer was born at Kronborg Rifle Factory...
and Jens Juel
Jens Juel (painter)
Jens Juel was a Danish painter, primarily known for his many portraits, of which the largest collection is on display at Frederiksborg Castle.-Early life and career:...
. He made miniatures and particularly pastel
Pastel
Pastel is an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of pure powdered pigment and a binder. The pigments used in pastels are the same as those used to produce all colored art media, including oil paints; the binder is of a neutral hue and low saturation....
s which was the technigue in which he did his best works. In the 1820s he also turned to lithography
Lithography
Lithography is a method for printing using a stone or a metal plate with a completely smooth surface...
.