Ciudad Juárez
Encyclopedia
Ciudad Juárez officially known today as Heroica Ciudad Juárez, but abbreviated Juárez and formerly known as El Paso del Norte, is a city and seat of the municipality of Juárez
in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. Juárez's estimated population is 1.5 million people. The city lies on the Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte)
, south of El Paso, Texas
. El Paso and Ciudad Juárez
comprise one of the largest bi-national metropolitan areas in the world with a combined population of 2.4 million people.
Ciudad Juárez is one of the fastest growing cities in the world despite being called "the most violent zone in the world outside of declared war zones." In 2001 the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
published a report stating that in Ciudad Juárez "the average annual growth over the 10-year period 1990–2000 was 5.3%. Juárez experienced much higher population growth than the state of Chihuahua and than Mexico as a whole."
There are four international ports of entry connecting Ciudad Juárez and El Paso, Texas, including the Bridge of the Americas, Ysleta International Bridge, Paso del Norte Bridge, and Stanton Street Bridge. These combined allowed 22,958,472 crossings in 2008, making Ciudad Juárez a major point of entry and transportation for all of central northern Mexico. The city has a growing industrial center which is made up in large part by more than 300 maquiladora
s (assembly plants) located in and around the city. According to a 2007 New York Times
article, Ciudad Juárez "is now absorbing more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city." In 2008, FDi Magazine
designated Ciudad Juárez "The City of the Future." In 2011, the State of Chihuahua renamed the City of Juarez to Heroica Ciudad Juárez for promotional purposes. This year the "maquilas" has already generated 10,000 new jobs for a total of 19 factories located in Ciudad Juárez
Ciudad Juárez was founded as El Paso del Norte ("North Pass") in 1659 by Spanish explorers seeking a route through the southern Rocky Mountains
. The Mission de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe was the first permanent Spanish development in the area. The Native America population was already located there. The Franciscan
friars established a community that grew in importance as commerce between Santa Fe and Chihuahua
passed through it. The wood for the bridge across the Rio Grande first came from Santa Fe, New Mexico
in the 18th century. The original population of suma
, jumano and immigrants brought by the Spanish as slaves from Central New Spain
grew around the mission. In 1680 during the Pueblo Revolt
, some members of the Tigua
branch of the Pueblo
became refugees from the conflict and a Mission was established for them in Ysleta del Paso del Norte. Other colonial era settlements included Senecú, Real de San Lorenzo, and the Presidio de San José. The population of the entire district reached some 5,000 around 1750, when the Apache
attacked the other native towns around the missions. The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
established the Rio Grande as the border between Mexico and the United States, separating the settlements on the north bank of the river from the rest of the town.
Such settlements were not part of the town at that time; as the military set up its buildings the town grew around it. This would later become El Paso, Texas
. From that time until around 1930 populations on both sides of the border could move freely across it. Ciudad Juárez and El Paso are one of the 14 pairs of Cross-border town naming
along the U.S.–Mexico border. During the French intervention in Mexico
(1862–1867), El Paso del Norte served as a temporary stop for Benito Juárez
's republican forces until he established his government-in-exile in Chihuahua
. From 1882 on, the city grew with the arrival of the Mexican Central Railway. Banks, telegraph, telephone, and trams appeared, indicating the city's thriving commerce, in the firm control of the city's oligarchy of the Ochoa, Samaniego, Daguerre, Provencio, and Cuarón families. In 1888, El Paso del Norte was renamed in honor of Juárez. The city expanded significantly thanks to Díaz's free trade policy, creating a new retail and service sector along the old Calle del Comercio (now Vicente Guerrero) and 16 September Avenue. A bullring is opened in 1899. The Escobar brothers founded the city's first institution of higher education in 1906, the Escuela Particular de Agricultura. That same year, a series of public works are inaugurated, including the city's sewage and drainage system, as well as potable water. A public library, schools, new public market (the old Mercado Cuauhtémoc) and parks dotted the city, making it one of many Porfirian showcases. Modern hotels and restaurants catered to the increased international railroad traffic from the 1880s on.
The city was Mexico's largest border city by 1910—and as such, it held strategic importance during the Mexican Revolution
. Villa and other revolutionaries struggled for its control (and income from the Federal Customs House), destroying much of the city during battles in 1911 and 1913. Much of the population abandoned the city between 1914 and 1917. Tourism, gambling, and light manufacturing drove the city's recovery from the 1920s until the 1940s. A series of mayors in the 1940s–1960s, like Carlos Villareal and René Mascareñas Miranda, ushered in a period of high growth and development predicated on the PRONAF border industrialization development program. A beautification program spruced up the city center, building a series of arched porticos around the main square, as well as neo-colonial facades for main public buildings such as the city health clinic, the central fire station, and city hall. The Cathedral, built in the 1950s, gave the city center the flavor of central Mexico, with its carved towers and elegant dome, but structural problems required its remodeling in the 1970s. The city's population reached some 400,000 by 1970.
Juárez has grown substantially in recent decades due to a large influx of people moving into the city in search of jobs with the maquiladoras. Now more technological firms have moved to the city, such as the Delphi Corporation Technical Center, the largest in the Western Hemisphere, which employs over 2,000 engineers. Large slum housing
communities called colonias have become extensive.
Juárez has gained further notoriety because of violence and as a major center of narcotics trafficking linked to the powerful Juárez Cartel
, and for more than 1000 unsolved murders of young women
since 1993. Unfortunately, because of widely alleged police complicity (and perhaps even participation on the part of police and government officials and local elites), the serial murders continue and most of them remain unsolved, though the number of homicides has fallen slightly since 2004 despite the increase of population. As a result of the murders, Juárez (along with the capital of the state, Chihuahua, Chih.
) has become a center for protest against sexual violence throughout Mexico. Meanwhile, many continue working to maintain a positive image of Ciudad Juárez. Songs 'Juarez' by the music artist Tori Amos
and 'Invalid Litter Dept.
' by At the Drive-In
refer to Ciudad Juárez and its murdered women. A giant Mexican flag, bandera monumental, was erected in Chamizal Park on June 26, 1997.
, Ciudad Juárez has an arid climate. Seasons are distinct, with hot summers, cold winters and cool springs and fall. Summer average high is 35 °C (95 °F) with lows of 21 °C (69.8 °F). Winter highs average 14 °C (57.2 °F) with lows of 0 °C (32 °F). Because of the high altitude Ciudad Juárez is cooler than other desert cities in Mexico
. Rainfall is scarce greater in summer. Snowfalls occur once or twice every winter. The record high is 49 °C (120.2 °F) and the record low is -23 °C.
(9.9%), Coahuila
(6.3%), Veracruz
(3.7%) and Zacatecas
(3.5%), as well as from Mexico City
(1.7%). Though most new residents are Mexican, some also immigrate from Central America
n countries, such as Guatemala
, Honduras
and Nicaragua
.
However, a March 2009 article noted there has been a mass exodus of people who could afford to leave the city due to the ongoing violence from the Mexican Drug War. The article quoted a city planning department estimate of over 116,000 abandoned homes, which could roughly be the equivalent of 400,000 people who have left the city due to the violence. An article in The Guardian
in September 2010 says of Ciudad Juárez – "About 10,670 businesses – 40% of the total – have shut. A study by the city's university found that 116,000 houses have been abandoned and 230,000 people have left."
(PRI). Three national parties are represented on the council: the PRI, the National Action Party
and the New Alliance Party
. On February 6, 2010 the governor of Chihuahua, José Reyes Baeza announced that he wished to move Chihuahua's state seat of government to the city, as a temporary measure to reduce crime.
s. Violence towards women in the municipality has increased dramatically in the past twenty years; since the early 1990s there have been approximately 600 femicide
s and at least 3000 missing women. Escalating turf wars between the rival Juárez
and Sinaloa Cartel
s have led to increasingly brutal violence in the city since 2005.
The Juárez police department had a force of approximately 800 officers in September 2008, following the removal of a third of its staff for various reasons. Recruitment goals set by the department called for the force to more than double. Juárez Citizens Command threatened to take action to attempt to put a stop to all the perpetrators of violence while government officials expressed concern that such vigilantism would contribute to further instability and violence.
In response to the increasing violence in the city the military
and Federal Police's presence had almost doubled. As of March 2009 at least 4500 soldiers and federal police were in the city to curtail mostly drug cartel
related violence. By August 2009 there were more than 7500 federal troops augmented by an expanded and highly restaffed municipal police force.
In the year before August 2009, Juárez's murder rate was the highest reported in the world, exceeding the holders of the second and third highest rates by more than 25%. The rate of 130 murders per 100,000 inhabitants is the same as Caracas' 2008 statistic for same period. Journalist Charles Bowden
, in an August 2008 GQ article, wrote that multiple factors, including drug violence, government corruption and poverty have led to a dispirited and disorderly atmosphere that now permeates the city.
Angela Kocherga, an American reporter who covers U.S.-Mexico border issues, reports that one Juarez channel was blackmailed into broadcasting a tape from a drug cartel in exchange for releasing its reporter from kidnapping.
translated into more than 2,600 killings in 2008. More than 1,600 of them occurred in Juárez, three times more than the most murderous city in the United States. And that number of killings increased to 2,600 in 2009. In 2010, 3,075 homicides took place in Juárez. This has led to a homicide rate of 229 killings per 100,000 inhabitants. In response, business groups in Juárez have called for UN
intervention.
There were 1,400 murders in Ciudad Juárez in 2008. In 2010, the number of homicides in the city reached 3,075. The population of Ciudad Juárez has had to change their daily routine and many try to stay home in the evening hours. Public life is limited by fear of kidnapping or random violence. In February 2009, the U.S. State Department
announced in an updated travel alert that "Mexican authorities report that more than 1,800 people have been killed in the city since January 2008." On 12 March 2009, police found "at least seven" partially buried bodies in the outskirts of the city, close to the US-Mexican border. Five severed heads were discovered in ice boxes, along with notes to rivals in the drug wars. Beheadings, attacks on police, and shootings are common in some regions.
In September 2009, eighteen patients at a drug rehabilitation clinic called El Aliviane were massacred in a turf battle; the victims were lined up in a corridor and gunned down. The authorities had no immediate suspects or information on the victims.
Plagued by corruption and the assassination of many of its officers, the government is struggling to maintain Ciudad Juárez's police force, while other officers have quit the force out of fear of being targeted. In late 2008, one murder victim was found near a school hanging from a fence with a pig's mask on his face, and another one was found beheaded hanging from a bridge in one of the city's busier streets.
Between February 17–19, 2011, 53 people were killed, including four police officers. State attorney general's office spokesman Arturo Sandoval was quoted as saying, "This is the worst violence we've seen this year." The increase in violence left city morgues overwhelmed, causing trouble for storing bodies. As of February 20, 2011, Juárez averages eight homicides per day.
organizations in the region report an additional 400 women as missing. Despite pressure to catch the killers and a roundup of some suspects, few believe the true culprits have been found . A 2007 book called The Daughters of Juárez, by Teresa Rodriguez, implicates high-level police and prominent Juárez citizens in the crimes. This topic is also discussed in the 2006 book "The Harvest of Women" by journalist Diana Washington Valdez, and in the novel 2666 by Roberto Bolaño
, in which Ciudad Juárez is fictionalized as "Santa Teresa", a border city in Sonora
.
The Mexican state of Chihuahua is frequently among the top five states in Mexico with the most foreign investment.
Many foreign retail, banking, and fast-food businesses have locations within Juarez, with examples including Sears, Starbucks
, Wendy's
, Denny's
, McDonald's
, Scotiabank
, Burger King
, Walmart and HSBC
.
, with flights to several Mexican cities. Nearby El Paso Airport handles flights to cities within the United States.
Juárez has three public and two private universities. The Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Juárez
(ITCJ), founded in 1964, became the first public institution of higher education in the city. The Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez
(UACJ), founded in 1968, is the largest university in the city and has been ranked among the best universities in the country . It has several locations inside of the city including the Faculty of Biomedicine, the Social Sciences Center, the Arts and Engineering Center with spaces for Fine Arts and Sports. These latter services are considered among the best because they recluse nearly 30,000 participants in sports such as swimming, racquetball, basketball and gymnastics, and arts such as Classical Ballet
, Drama
, Modern Dance
, Hawaiian
and Polynesian
Dances, Folk dance
, Music and Flamenco
. The Faculty of Political and Social Sciences of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua (Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, UACH) which has delivered 70% of the city's media and news crew, is located in the city. The local campuses of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
(ITESM) and the Autonomous University of Durango (UAD) are private universities. The Monterrey Institute of Technology opened its campus in 1983 and it is preferred among the upper and middle classes of the city . It is ranked as "third best" among other campuses of the institution, after the Garza Sada campus in Monterrey and the Santa Fe campus in Mexico City.
Overall, the city offers a wide range of schools for every type of income and need . The city is widely recognized for its excellence in education, especially the one offered by the private sector. The main institutions in Ciudad Juárez are the Instituto Latinoamericano, a Catholic school directed from Spain, one of the colleges managed by the company founded by Spanish mystic Teresa de Avila, by direct order of the Pope
to revert the effects of Protestantism
in Spain; The Colegio Iberoamericano, The Middle School and High School of the ITESM, the Teresa de Avila, the Instituto Mexico. Despite this, many people choose to study in the neighbor city of El Paso
, some for convenience.
TV channel signals in the city:
There are three paid television signals available and 24 radio station signals in AM
and 21 in FM
.
, which entered the Mexican First Division
for the first time in 2008. Baseball
, basketball
, tennis
, and American football
are also popular, most of which are played at the high schools and university level. The Indios rent the stadium Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez
. Juárez has 2 large stadiums: Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez and Estadio 20 de Noviembre, and smaller ones for baseball and different activities. Mountain biking is also popular, with the Chupacabras 100 km
race held annually in Juárez.
Near the Cordova International Bridge
is a large combination bmx
and skatepark
, Parque Extremo. This park features a 20000 square feet (1,858.1 m²) concrete area with multiple ramps, rails, boxes, etc., and a 7000 square feet (650.3 m²) dirt area with ramps and tracks for bmx riding. It is much larger than the skate parks in nearby cities El Paso, Texas
, and Las Cruces, New Mexico
.
Ciudad Juárez served as host to the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament in 2008.
Juárez (municipality of Chihuahua)
Juárez is a one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Ciudad Juárez. The municipality covers an area of ....
in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. Juárez's estimated population is 1.5 million people. The city lies on the Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte)
Rio Grande
The Rio Grande is a river that flows from southwestern Colorado in the United States to the Gulf of Mexico. Along the way it forms part of the Mexico – United States border. Its length varies as its course changes...
, south of El Paso, Texas
El Paso, Texas
El Paso, is a city in and the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States, and lies in far West Texas. In the 2010 census, the city had a population of 649,121. It is the sixth largest city in Texas and the 19th largest city in the United States...
. El Paso and Ciudad Juárez
El Paso–Juárez
El Paso–Juárez, also known as Juárez-El Paso, the Borderplex or Paso del Norte, is a binational metropolitan area, or conurbation, on the border between Mexico and the United States. The region is centered on two large cities: Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico and El Paso, Texas, USA...
comprise one of the largest bi-national metropolitan areas in the world with a combined population of 2.4 million people.
Ciudad Juárez is one of the fastest growing cities in the world despite being called "the most violent zone in the world outside of declared war zones." In 2001 the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
The Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas covers the Eleventh Federal Reserve District, which includes Texas, northern Louisiana and southern New Mexico....
published a report stating that in Ciudad Juárez "the average annual growth over the 10-year period 1990–2000 was 5.3%. Juárez experienced much higher population growth than the state of Chihuahua and than Mexico as a whole."
There are four international ports of entry connecting Ciudad Juárez and El Paso, Texas, including the Bridge of the Americas, Ysleta International Bridge, Paso del Norte Bridge, and Stanton Street Bridge. These combined allowed 22,958,472 crossings in 2008, making Ciudad Juárez a major point of entry and transportation for all of central northern Mexico. The city has a growing industrial center which is made up in large part by more than 300 maquiladora
Maquiladora
A maquiladora or maquila is a concept often referred to as an operation that involves manufacturing in a country that is not the client's and as such has an interesting duty or tariff treatment...
s (assembly plants) located in and around the city. According to a 2007 New York Times
The New York Times
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. The New York Times has won 106 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization...
article, Ciudad Juárez "is now absorbing more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city." In 2008, FDi Magazine
FDi magazine
fDi Magazine is an English-language bi-monthly news and foreign direct investment publication owned by The Financial Times Ltd and edited in London. The A4 glossy pages reach a circulation of 14, 768 ABC “senior decision-makers involved in overseas investment” across the world...
designated Ciudad Juárez "The City of the Future." In 2011, the State of Chihuahua renamed the City of Juarez to Heroica Ciudad Juárez for promotional purposes. This year the "maquilas" has already generated 10,000 new jobs for a total of 19 factories located in Ciudad Juárez
History
Rocky Mountains
The Rocky Mountains are a major mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the southwestern United States...
. The Mission de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe was the first permanent Spanish development in the area. The Native America population was already located there. The Franciscan
Franciscan
Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
friars established a community that grew in importance as commerce between Santa Fe and Chihuahua
Chihuahua, Chihuahua
The city of Chihuahua is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent maquiladoras.-History:It has been said that the...
passed through it. The wood for the bridge across the Rio Grande first came from Santa Fe, New Mexico
Santa Fe, New Mexico
Santa Fe is the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the fourth-largest city in the state and is the seat of . Santa Fe had a population of 67,947 in the 2010 census...
in the 18th century. The original population of suma
Suma-Jumano
The Suma and the Jumano were people in western Sonora and Trans-Pecos region of western Texas. The Suma was the western division and the Jumano were the eastern division.-History:...
, jumano and immigrants brought by the Spanish as slaves from Central New Spain
New Spain
New Spain, formally called the Viceroyalty of New Spain , was a viceroyalty of the Spanish colonial empire, comprising primarily territories in what was known then as 'América Septentrional' or North America. Its capital was Mexico City, formerly Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire...
grew around the mission. In 1680 during the Pueblo Revolt
Pueblo Revolt
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680, or Popé's Rebellion, was an uprising of several pueblos of the Pueblo people against Spanish colonization of the Americas in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.-Background:...
, some members of the Tigua
Tiwa people
The Tiwa are group of related Tanoan pueblo peoples in New Mexico and Texas. They traditionally spoke a Tiwa language , and are divided into the two Northern Tiwa groups, in Taos and Picuris, and the Southern Tiwa in Isleta and Sandia, around what is now Albuquerque, and near El Paso.-Name:Tiwa is...
branch of the Pueblo
Pueblo
Pueblo is a term used to describe modern communities of Native Americans in the Southwestern United States of America. The first Spanish explorers of the Southwest used this term to describe the communities housed in apartment-like structures built of stone, adobe mud, and other local material...
became refugees from the conflict and a Mission was established for them in Ysleta del Paso del Norte. Other colonial era settlements included Senecú, Real de San Lorenzo, and the Presidio de San José. The population of the entire district reached some 5,000 around 1750, when the Apache
Apache
Apache is the collective term for several culturally related groups of Native Americans in the United States originally from the Southwest United States. These indigenous peoples of North America speak a Southern Athabaskan language, which is related linguistically to the languages of Athabaskan...
attacked the other native towns around the missions. The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is the peace treaty, largely dictated by the United States to the interim government of a militarily occupied Mexico City, that ended the Mexican-American War on February 2, 1848...
established the Rio Grande as the border between Mexico and the United States, separating the settlements on the north bank of the river from the rest of the town.
Such settlements were not part of the town at that time; as the military set up its buildings the town grew around it. This would later become El Paso, Texas
El Paso, Texas
El Paso, is a city in and the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States, and lies in far West Texas. In the 2010 census, the city had a population of 649,121. It is the sixth largest city in Texas and the 19th largest city in the United States...
. From that time until around 1930 populations on both sides of the border could move freely across it. Ciudad Juárez and El Paso are one of the 14 pairs of Cross-border town naming
Cross-border town naming
Cross-border town naming occurs where towns or villages with the same or equivalent names are divided between two different countries. This does not necessarily imply that those towns or villages are located in geographic proximity, or that they are located near a current border...
along the U.S.–Mexico border. During the French intervention in Mexico
French intervention in Mexico
The French intervention in Mexico , also known as The Maximilian Affair, War of the French Intervention, and The Franco-Mexican War, was an invasion of Mexico by an expeditionary force sent by the Second French Empire, supported in the beginning by the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Spain...
(1862–1867), El Paso del Norte served as a temporary stop for Benito Juárez
Benito Juárez
Benito Juárez born Benito Pablo Juárez García, was a Mexican lawyer and politician of Zapotec origin from Oaxaca who served five terms as president of Mexico: 1858–1861 as interim, 1861–1865, 1865–1867, 1867–1871 and 1871–1872...
's republican forces until he established his government-in-exile in Chihuahua
Chihuahua, Chihuahua
The city of Chihuahua is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent maquiladoras.-History:It has been said that the...
. From 1882 on, the city grew with the arrival of the Mexican Central Railway. Banks, telegraph, telephone, and trams appeared, indicating the city's thriving commerce, in the firm control of the city's oligarchy of the Ochoa, Samaniego, Daguerre, Provencio, and Cuarón families. In 1888, El Paso del Norte was renamed in honor of Juárez. The city expanded significantly thanks to Díaz's free trade policy, creating a new retail and service sector along the old Calle del Comercio (now Vicente Guerrero) and 16 September Avenue. A bullring is opened in 1899. The Escobar brothers founded the city's first institution of higher education in 1906, the Escuela Particular de Agricultura. That same year, a series of public works are inaugurated, including the city's sewage and drainage system, as well as potable water. A public library, schools, new public market (the old Mercado Cuauhtémoc) and parks dotted the city, making it one of many Porfirian showcases. Modern hotels and restaurants catered to the increased international railroad traffic from the 1880s on.
The city was Mexico's largest border city by 1910—and as such, it held strategic importance during the Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution...
. Villa and other revolutionaries struggled for its control (and income from the Federal Customs House), destroying much of the city during battles in 1911 and 1913. Much of the population abandoned the city between 1914 and 1917. Tourism, gambling, and light manufacturing drove the city's recovery from the 1920s until the 1940s. A series of mayors in the 1940s–1960s, like Carlos Villareal and René Mascareñas Miranda, ushered in a period of high growth and development predicated on the PRONAF border industrialization development program. A beautification program spruced up the city center, building a series of arched porticos around the main square, as well as neo-colonial facades for main public buildings such as the city health clinic, the central fire station, and city hall. The Cathedral, built in the 1950s, gave the city center the flavor of central Mexico, with its carved towers and elegant dome, but structural problems required its remodeling in the 1970s. The city's population reached some 400,000 by 1970.
Juárez has grown substantially in recent decades due to a large influx of people moving into the city in search of jobs with the maquiladoras. Now more technological firms have moved to the city, such as the Delphi Corporation Technical Center, the largest in the Western Hemisphere, which employs over 2,000 engineers. Large slum housing
Slum
A slum, as defined by United Nations agency UN-HABITAT, is a run-down area of a city characterized by substandard housing and squalor and lacking in tenure security. According to the United Nations, the percentage of urban dwellers living in slums decreased from 47 percent to 37 percent in the...
communities called colonias have become extensive.
Juárez has gained further notoriety because of violence and as a major center of narcotics trafficking linked to the powerful Juárez Cartel
Juárez Cartel
The Juárez Cartel , also known as the Vicente Carrillo Fuentes Organization, is a Mexican drug cartel based in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, across the border from El Paso, Texas...
, and for more than 1000 unsolved murders of young women
Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez
The phenomenon of the female homicides in Ciudad Juárez, called in Spanish the feminicidios and las muertas de Juárez , involves the violent deaths of hundreds of women since 1993 in the northern Mexican city of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, a border city across the Rio Grande from the U.S. city of El...
since 1993. Unfortunately, because of widely alleged police complicity (and perhaps even participation on the part of police and government officials and local elites), the serial murders continue and most of them remain unsolved, though the number of homicides has fallen slightly since 2004 despite the increase of population. As a result of the murders, Juárez (along with the capital of the state, Chihuahua, Chih.
Chihuahua, Chihuahua
The city of Chihuahua is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent maquiladoras.-History:It has been said that the...
) has become a center for protest against sexual violence throughout Mexico. Meanwhile, many continue working to maintain a positive image of Ciudad Juárez. Songs 'Juarez' by the music artist Tori Amos
Tori Amos
Tori Amos is an American pianist, singer-songwriter and composer. She was at the forefront of a number of female singer-songwriters in the early 1990s and was noteworthy early in her career as one of the few alternative rock performers to use a piano as her primary instrument...
and 'Invalid Litter Dept.
Invalid Litter Dept.
"Invalid Litter Dept." was the third single released from At the Drive-In's album Relationship of Command. The CD release in March 2001 came in a variety of international formats, including the standard two CDs in the United Kingdom...
' by At the Drive-In
At the Drive-In
At the Drive-In was an American rock band from El Paso, Texas, considered part of the post-hardcore genre and active from 1993 to 2001. They were known for their extremely energetic stage shows which hearkened back to the 1980s hardcore scene...
refer to Ciudad Juárez and its murdered women. A giant Mexican flag, bandera monumental, was erected in Chamizal Park on June 26, 1997.
Climate
Due to its location in the Chihuahuan DesertChihuahuan Desert
The Chihuahuan Desert is a desert, and an ecoregion designation, that straddles the U.S.-Mexico border in the central and northern portions of the Mexican Plateau, bordered on the west by the extensive Sierra Madre Occidental range, and overlaying northern portions of the east range, the Sierra...
, Ciudad Juárez has an arid climate. Seasons are distinct, with hot summers, cold winters and cool springs and fall. Summer average high is 35 °C (95 °F) with lows of 21 °C (69.8 °F). Winter highs average 14 °C (57.2 °F) with lows of 0 °C (32 °F). Because of the high altitude Ciudad Juárez is cooler than other desert cities in Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. Rainfall is scarce greater in summer. Snowfalls occur once or twice every winter. The record high is 49 °C (120.2 °F) and the record low is -23 °C.
Demographics
The average annual growth in population over a 10-year period [1990–2000] was 5.3%. According to the 2010 population census, the city had 1,321,004 inhabitants, while the municipality had 1,332,131 inhabitants. During the last decades the city has received migrants from Mexico's interior, some figures state that 32% of the city's population originate outside the state of Chihuahua, mainly from the states of DurangoDurango
Durango officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is located in Northwest Mexico. With a population of 1,632,934, it has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja...
(9.9%), Coahuila
Coahuila
Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
(6.3%), Veracruz
Veracruz
Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave , is one of the 31 states that, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided in 212 municipalities and its capital city is...
(3.7%) and Zacatecas
Zacatecas
Zacatecas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Zacatecas is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and its capital city is Zacatecas....
(3.5%), as well as from Mexico City
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
(1.7%). Though most new residents are Mexican, some also immigrate from Central America
Central America
Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent...
n countries, such as Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
, Honduras
Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...
and Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...
.
However, a March 2009 article noted there has been a mass exodus of people who could afford to leave the city due to the ongoing violence from the Mexican Drug War. The article quoted a city planning department estimate of over 116,000 abandoned homes, which could roughly be the equivalent of 400,000 people who have left the city due to the violence. An article in The Guardian
The Guardian
The Guardian, formerly known as The Manchester Guardian , is a British national daily newspaper in the Berliner format...
in September 2010 says of Ciudad Juárez – "About 10,670 businesses – 40% of the total – have shut. A study by the city's university found that 116,000 houses have been abandoned and 230,000 people have left."
Cityscape
Neighborhoods of Ciudad Juárez include:- CampestreCampestre (Ciudad Juárez)Campestre is an area of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. Historically, it was a country club area of the city. Drug violence forced many people to flee the area. By 2010 many "for rent" and "for sale" signs were seen in the neighborhood. Residents placed large boulders in the streets to deter...
- Rivera del BravoRivera del BravoRivera del Bravo is a neighborhood in eastern Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. One of the newer neighborhoods in the city, Riviera del Bravo has many schools and strip malls. A former state governor once described Riviera del Bravo as a model for future neighborhoods. Drug violence forced many...
- AnapraAnapraAnapra is a neighbourhood in the city of Juarez in the Mexican state of Chihuahua, which borders the Rio Grande and is one of the poorest community within the city....
- San Agustin
- Chaveña
- Anahuac
- Lindavista
- Altavista
- Guadalajara
- Galeana
- Industrial
- Flores Magon
- Mariano Escobedo
- Azteca
- Independencia
- Los Nogales
Government
The city is governed by a municipal president and an eighteen seat council. The current president is Hector Murguia Lardizabal, an affiliate of the Institutional Revolutionary PartyInstitutional Revolutionary Party
The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...
(PRI). Three national parties are represented on the council: the PRI, the National Action Party
National Action Party (Mexico)
The National Action Party , is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. The party's political platform is generally considered Centre-Right in the Mexican political spectrum. Since 2000, the President of Mexico has been a member of this party; both houses have PAN pluralities, but the...
and the New Alliance Party
New Alliance Party (Mexico)
The New Alliance Party is one of the newest political parties in Mexico.Its creation was proposed by the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación , the largest trade union in Latin America, led by Elba Esther Gordillo, the controversial former general secretary of the Institutional...
. On February 6, 2010 the governor of Chihuahua, José Reyes Baeza announced that he wished to move Chihuahua's state seat of government to the city, as a temporary measure to reduce crime.
Crime and safety
Criminal activity in the domestic metropolitan area of Juárez has increased dramatically since the rise of maquiladoraMaquiladora
A maquiladora or maquila is a concept often referred to as an operation that involves manufacturing in a country that is not the client's and as such has an interesting duty or tariff treatment...
s. Violence towards women in the municipality has increased dramatically in the past twenty years; since the early 1990s there have been approximately 600 femicide
Femicide
Femicide was first used in England in 1801 to signify "the killing of a woman." In 1848, this term was published in Wharton's Law Lexicon, suggesting that it had become a prosecutable offense. Another term used is feminicide.-First feminist definition:...
s and at least 3000 missing women. Escalating turf wars between the rival Juárez
Juárez Cartel
The Juárez Cartel , also known as the Vicente Carrillo Fuentes Organization, is a Mexican drug cartel based in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, across the border from El Paso, Texas...
and Sinaloa Cartel
Sinaloa Cartel
The Sinaloa Cartel is the most powerful drug cartel in Mexico and considered by the United States Intelligence Community as "the most powerful drug trafficking organization in the world." The Sinaloa Cartel is based in the city of Culiacán, Sinaloa, but also operates in the Mexican states of Baja...
s have led to increasingly brutal violence in the city since 2005.
The Juárez police department had a force of approximately 800 officers in September 2008, following the removal of a third of its staff for various reasons. Recruitment goals set by the department called for the force to more than double. Juárez Citizens Command threatened to take action to attempt to put a stop to all the perpetrators of violence while government officials expressed concern that such vigilantism would contribute to further instability and violence.
In response to the increasing violence in the city the military
Mexican Armed Forces
The Mexican Armed Forces are composed of the Mexican Army which includes the Mexican Air Force as a subordinate entity and the Mexican Navy which also includes the Mexican Naval Infantry and Naval Aviation...
and Federal Police's presence had almost doubled. As of March 2009 at least 4500 soldiers and federal police were in the city to curtail mostly drug cartel
Drug cartel
Drug cartels are criminal organizations developed with the primary purpose of promoting and controlling drug trafficking operations. They range from loosely managed agreements among various drug traffickers to formalized commercial enterprises. The term was applied when the largest trafficking...
related violence. By August 2009 there were more than 7500 federal troops augmented by an expanded and highly restaffed municipal police force.
In the year before August 2009, Juárez's murder rate was the highest reported in the world, exceeding the holders of the second and third highest rates by more than 25%. The rate of 130 murders per 100,000 inhabitants is the same as Caracas' 2008 statistic for same period. Journalist Charles Bowden
Charles Bowden
Charles Bowden is an American non-fiction author, journalist, and essayist based in Las Cruces, New Mexico. He is a former writer for the Tucson Citizen and often writes about the American Southwest...
, in an August 2008 GQ article, wrote that multiple factors, including drug violence, government corruption and poverty have led to a dispirited and disorderly atmosphere that now permeates the city.
Criminal hijacking of electronic media
PBS Newshour in July 2010, reported one Juarense social worker's analysis that young boys in Juarez are given cell phones and money to monitor their own neighborhood street for the appearance of vehicles, and to continually report vehicular activity. The boys are told by the criminals to watch for vehicles of some given description. This has allowed criminals to evade law enforcement efforts much more easily and flexibly.Angela Kocherga, an American reporter who covers U.S.-Mexico border issues, reports that one Juarez channel was blackmailed into broadcasting a tape from a drug cartel in exchange for releasing its reporter from kidnapping.
Drug cartel violence
The city is also the site of widespread poverty and violence, including an infamous series of unsolved murders of female factory workers. The violence generated by the drug warMexican Drug War
The Mexican Drug War is an ongoing armed conflict taking place among rival drug cartels who fight each other for regional control, and Mexican government forces who seek to combat drug trafficking. However, the government's principal goal has been to put down the drug-related violence that was...
translated into more than 2,600 killings in 2008. More than 1,600 of them occurred in Juárez, three times more than the most murderous city in the United States. And that number of killings increased to 2,600 in 2009. In 2010, 3,075 homicides took place in Juárez. This has led to a homicide rate of 229 killings per 100,000 inhabitants. In response, business groups in Juárez have called for UN
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
intervention.
There were 1,400 murders in Ciudad Juárez in 2008. In 2010, the number of homicides in the city reached 3,075. The population of Ciudad Juárez has had to change their daily routine and many try to stay home in the evening hours. Public life is limited by fear of kidnapping or random violence. In February 2009, the U.S. State Department
United States Department of State
The United States Department of State , is the United States federal executive department responsible for international relations of the United States, equivalent to the foreign ministries of other countries...
announced in an updated travel alert that "Mexican authorities report that more than 1,800 people have been killed in the city since January 2008." On 12 March 2009, police found "at least seven" partially buried bodies in the outskirts of the city, close to the US-Mexican border. Five severed heads were discovered in ice boxes, along with notes to rivals in the drug wars. Beheadings, attacks on police, and shootings are common in some regions.
In September 2009, eighteen patients at a drug rehabilitation clinic called El Aliviane were massacred in a turf battle; the victims were lined up in a corridor and gunned down. The authorities had no immediate suspects or information on the victims.
Plagued by corruption and the assassination of many of its officers, the government is struggling to maintain Ciudad Juárez's police force, while other officers have quit the force out of fear of being targeted. In late 2008, one murder victim was found near a school hanging from a fence with a pig's mask on his face, and another one was found beheaded hanging from a bridge in one of the city's busier streets.
Between February 17–19, 2011, 53 people were killed, including four police officers. State attorney general's office spokesman Arturo Sandoval was quoted as saying, "This is the worst violence we've seen this year." The increase in violence left city morgues overwhelmed, causing trouble for storing bodies. As of February 20, 2011, Juárez averages eight homicides per day.
Female sexual homicides
Over the past 10 years in Juárez there have been over 4000 feminicides which have attracted wide attention. Bodies are often dumped in ditches or vacant lots. GrassrootsGrassroots
A grassroots movement is one driven by the politics of a community. The term implies that the creation of the movement and the group supporting it are natural and spontaneous, highlighting the differences between this and a movement that is orchestrated by traditional power structures...
organizations in the region report an additional 400 women as missing. Despite pressure to catch the killers and a roundup of some suspects, few believe the true culprits have been found . A 2007 book called The Daughters of Juárez, by Teresa Rodriguez, implicates high-level police and prominent Juárez citizens in the crimes. This topic is also discussed in the 2006 book "The Harvest of Women" by journalist Diana Washington Valdez, and in the novel 2666 by Roberto Bolaño
Roberto Bolaño
Roberto Bolaño Ávalos was a Chilean novelist and poet. In 1999 he won the Rómulo Gallegos Prize for his novel Los detectives salvajes , and in 2008 he was posthumously awarded the National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction for his novel 2666, which was described by board member Marcela Valdes...
, in which Ciudad Juárez is fictionalized as "Santa Teresa", a border city in Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
.
Economy
The El Paso Regional Economic Development Corporation indicated that Ciudad Juárez is the metropolis absorbing "more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city." The Financial Times Group through its publication The Foreign Direct Investment Magazine ranked Ciudad Juárez as the "City of the Future" for 2007–2008. The Ciudad Juárez-El Paso area is a major manufacturing center. ADC Telecommunications, Electrolux, Bosch, Foxconn, Flextronics, Lexmark, Delphi, Visteon, Johnson Controls, Lear, Boeing, Cardinal Health, Yazaki, Sumitomo, and Siemens are some of the foreign companies that have chosen Ciudad Juárez for their business operation.The Mexican state of Chihuahua is frequently among the top five states in Mexico with the most foreign investment.
Many foreign retail, banking, and fast-food businesses have locations within Juarez, with examples including Sears, Starbucks
Starbucks
Starbucks Corporation is an international coffee and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle, Washington. Starbucks is the largest coffeehouse company in the world, with 17,009 stores in 55 countries, including over 11,000 in the United States, over 1,000 in Canada, over 700 in the United Kingdom, and...
, Wendy's
Wendy's
Wendy's is an international fast food chain restaurant founded by Dave Thomas on November 15, 1969, in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The company decided to move its headquarters to Dublin, Ohio, on January 29, 2006. It has been owned by Triarc since 2008...
, Denny's
Denny's
Denny's is a full-service coffee shop/family restaurant chain. It operates over 1,500 restaurants in the United States , Canada, Curaçao, Costa Rica, Honduras, Jamaica, Japan , Mexico, New Zealand, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates.Denny's is known for always being...
, McDonald's
McDonald's
McDonald's Corporation is the world's largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants, serving around 64 million customers daily in 119 countries. Headquartered in the United States, the company began in 1940 as a barbecue restaurant operated by the eponymous Richard and Maurice McDonald; in 1948...
, Scotiabank
Scotiabank
The Bank of Nova Scotia , commonly known as Scotiabank , is the third largest bank in Canada by deposits and market capitalization. It serves some 18.6 million customers in more than 50 countries around the world and offers a broad range of products and services including personal, commercial,...
, Burger King
Burger King
Burger King, often abbreviated as BK, is a global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants headquartered in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The company began in 1953 as Insta-Burger King, a Jacksonville, Florida-based restaurant chain...
, Walmart and HSBC
HSBC
HSBC Holdings plc is a global banking and financial services company headquartered in Canary Wharf, London, United Kingdom. it is the world's second-largest banking and financial services group and second-largest public company according to a composite measure by Forbes magazine...
.
Transportation
The city is served by Abraham Gonzalez International AirportAbraham González International Airport
Abraham González International Airport is an international airport located in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, near the U.S.-Mexico border opposite with El Paso, Texas. It accommodates national and international air traffic of the city of Ciudad Juárez...
, with flights to several Mexican cities. Nearby El Paso Airport handles flights to cities within the United States.
Education
According to the latest estimates, literacy rate in the city is in line with the national average in the country: 97.3% of people above 15 years old are able to read and write.Juárez has three public and two private universities. The Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Juárez
Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Juárez
The Technological Institute of Ciudad Juárez , popularly known as ITCJ, is a public, coeducational university located in the city of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.-History:...
(ITCJ), founded in 1964, became the first public institution of higher education in the city. The Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez
Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez
The Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez is a university in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.-External links:*...
(UACJ), founded in 1968, is the largest university in the city and has been ranked among the best universities in the country . It has several locations inside of the city including the Faculty of Biomedicine, the Social Sciences Center, the Arts and Engineering Center with spaces for Fine Arts and Sports. These latter services are considered among the best because they recluse nearly 30,000 participants in sports such as swimming, racquetball, basketball and gymnastics, and arts such as Classical Ballet
Ballet
Ballet is a type of performance dance, that originated in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th century, and which was further developed in France and Russia as a concert dance form. The early portions preceded the invention of the proscenium stage and were presented in large chambers with...
, Drama
Drama
Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning "action" , which is derived from "to do","to act" . The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage before an audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a...
, Modern Dance
Modern dance
Modern dance is a dance form developed in the early 20th century. Although the term Modern dance has also been applied to a category of 20th Century ballroom dances, Modern dance as a term usually refers to 20th century concert dance.-Intro:...
, Hawaiian
Hula
Hula is a dance form accompanied by chant or song . It was developed in the Hawaiian Islands by the Polynesians who originally settled there. The hula dramatizes or portrays the words of the oli or mele in a visual dance form....
and Polynesian
Music of Polynesia
Polynesia is a group of island chains spread across much of the Pacific Ocean, and includes many countries and territories. Internationally, Polynesian music is mostly associated with twinkling guitars and grass skirts, Hawaiian hula and other tourist-friendly forms of music...
Dances, Folk dance
Folk dance
The term folk dance describes dances that share some or all of the following attributes:*They are dances performed at social functions by people with little or no professional training, often to traditional music or music based on traditional music....
, Music and Flamenco
Flamenco
Flamenco is a genre of music and dance which has its foundation in Andalusian music and dance and in whose evolution Andalusian Gypsies played an important part....
. The Faculty of Political and Social Sciences of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua (Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, UACH) which has delivered 70% of the city's media and news crew, is located in the city. The local campuses of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
The Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education commonly shortened as Monterrey Institute of Technology or Monterrey Tech is one of the largest private, nonsectarian and coeducational multi-campus universities in...
(ITESM) and the Autonomous University of Durango (UAD) are private universities. The Monterrey Institute of Technology opened its campus in 1983 and it is preferred among the upper and middle classes of the city . It is ranked as "third best" among other campuses of the institution, after the Garza Sada campus in Monterrey and the Santa Fe campus in Mexico City.
Overall, the city offers a wide range of schools for every type of income and need . The city is widely recognized for its excellence in education, especially the one offered by the private sector. The main institutions in Ciudad Juárez are the Instituto Latinoamericano, a Catholic school directed from Spain, one of the colleges managed by the company founded by Spanish mystic Teresa de Avila, by direct order of the Pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
to revert the effects of Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
in Spain; The Colegio Iberoamericano, The Middle School and High School of the ITESM, the Teresa de Avila, the Instituto Mexico. Despite this, many people choose to study in the neighbor city of El Paso
El Paso
El Paso, a city in the U.S. state of Texas, on the border with Mexico.El Paso may also refer to:-Geography:Colombia:* El Paso, CesarSpain:*El Paso, Santa Cruz de TenerifeUnited States:...
, some for convenience.
Newspapers
Juárez has five local newspapers: El Diario, El Norte, El Mexicano, El PM and Hoy.Broadcasters
There are 16 over the airTerrestrial television
Terrestrial television is a mode of television broadcasting which does not involve satellite transmission or cables — typically using radio waves through transmitting and receiving antennas or television antenna aerials...
TV channel signals in the city:
| Channel | Name | Affiliate | Country | Language | Local | National |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Televisa Regional Televisa Regional Televisa Regional refers to Televisa owned television stations that broadcast select programming from Televisa's Canal de las Estrellas, FOROtv, Canal 5, and/or Galavisión, Televisa Networks and locally produced programming... |
XEPM XEPM-TV XEPM-TV Channel 2 is a Spanish-language station owned by Televisa. XEPM airs a selection of programs from Televisa's four networks, Canal de las Estrellas, FOROtv, Canal 5 and Galavision.-History:... |
 Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 4 | CBS CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc. is a major US commercial broadcasting television network, which started as a radio network. The name is derived from the initials of the network's former name, Columbia Broadcasting System. The network is sometimes referred to as the "Eye Network" in reference to the shape of... |
KDBC |  United States |
English | ||
| 5 | Galavisión Galavisión (Mexico) Galavisión is a Mexican television network owned by Televisa. Originating at XEQ-TV in Mexico City, the network is distributed throughout Mexico through affiliates. "Galavisión" should not be confused with Univision's cable TV network of the same name in the United States.-History:Galavisión was... |
XEJ-TV XEJ-TV XEJ is a television station in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, owned and operated by Meneses Hoyos family, and is an affiliate of Grupo Televisa's Galavisión network... |
Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 7 | ABC American Broadcasting Company The American Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network. Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Company and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group. Its first broadcast on television was in 1948... |
KVIA | United States |
English | ||
| 9 | NBC NBC The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network and former radio network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Rockefeller Center with additional major offices near Los Angeles and in Chicago... |
KTSM KTSM-TV KTSM-TV, also known as NewsChannel 9, is an NBC affiliated television station based in El Paso, Texas. It broadcasts its digital signal on VHF channel 9... |
United States |
English | ||
| 11 | Azteca 13 Azteca 13 Azteca 13 is a television broadcast network owned by TV Azteca, with affiliate stations all over Mexico all of which are owned and operated by TV Azteca. Azteca 13 uses Mexico, Distrito Federal's XHDF as its flagship station and its channel as part of its name... |
XHCJE-TV XHCJE-TV XHCJE is the Ciudad Juárez television station that is owned and operated by TV Azteca. XHCJE is an affiliate of Azteca 13. Since 2005, XHCJE-TV is the first television station in broadcast in digital television formatfirst where? and since 2010, the first television station in broadcast HD... |
Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 13 | PBS Public Broadcasting Service The Public Broadcasting Service is an American non-profit public broadcasting television network with 354 member TV stations in the United States which hold collective ownership. Its headquarters is in Arlington, Virginia.... |
KCOS | United States |
English | ||
| 14 | Fox Fox Broadcasting Company Fox Broadcasting Company, commonly referred to as Fox Network or simply Fox , is an American commercial broadcasting television network owned by Fox Entertainment Group, part of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation. Launched on October 9, 1986, Fox was the highest-rated broadcast network in the... |
KFOX-TV KFOX-TV KFOX-TV is a Fox affiliated television station based in El Paso, Texas. It broadcasts its digital signal on channel 15. It is owned by Cox Enterprises. Its transmitter is located in El Paso and it is also aired on cable channel 8 and HD channel 870.-History:... |
United States |
English | ||
| 20 | Azteca 7 Azteca 7 Azteca 7 or El 7 is a network owned by TV Azteca, with affiliate stations all over Mexico all of which are owned and operated by TV Azteca. Azteca 7 uses Mexico, Distrito Federal's XHIMT as its flagship station and its channel as part of its name. Azteca 7's programming is available in HD and is... |
XHCJH-TV XHCJH-TV XHCJH is the Ciudad Juárez television station that is owned and operated by TV Azteca. The station is an affiliate of Azteca 7.... |
Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 26 | Univision Univision Univision is a Spanish-language television network in the United States. It has the largest audience of Spanish language television viewers according to Nielsen ratings. Randy Falco, COO, has been in charge of the company since the departure of Univision Communications president and CEO Joe Uva... |
KINT-TV KINT-TV KINT-TV, channel 26 , is a Univision affiliate based in El Paso, Texas. It is owned by Entravision, and is a sister station to Telefutura affiliate KTFN. KINT-TV signed on the air on May 5, 1984... |
United States |
Spanish | ||
| 32 | Canal de las Estrellas Canal de las Estrellas Canal de las Estrellas is one of the cornerstone networks of Televisa, with affiliate stations all over Mexico, flagshipped at XEW-TV in Mexico City. Many of the programs of Canal de las Estrellas are seen in the United States on Univision, Telefutura, and Galavisión... |
XHJCI-TV XHJCI-TV XHJCI-TV is the Ciudad Juárez television station that is owned and operated by Televisa. The station is an affiliate of Canal de las Estrellas.- Programming :... |
Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 40 | Multimedios | K40FW | Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 44 | cadenatres | XHIJ-TV XHIJ-TV XHIJ-TV, Canal 44, is a Spanish-language affiliate of cadenatres serving the Ciudad Juárez-El Paso-Las Cruces metropolitan area. The station is licensed to Ciudád Juarez and was once a Telemundo station during the 1990s... |
Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 48 | Telemundo Telemundo Telemundo is an American television network that broadcasts in Spanish. The network is the second-largest Spanish-language content producer in the world, and the second-largest Spanish-language network in the United States, behind Univision.... |
KTDO KTDO KTDO, digital channel 47 , is a television station affiliated with Telemundo, serving the El Paso, Texas and Juarez Mexico television market. It is licensed to Las Cruces, New Mexico, it transmits in analog and digital... |
United States |
Spanish | ||
| 56 | Canal 5 Canal 5 (Televisa Network) Canal 5 is a television network owned by Televisa, broadcasting from Mexico City and originating from its flagship station, XHGC-TV. Most programming on this station is intended for children and young people, while at night usually features foreign drama and action series, as well a movies... |
XHJUB-TV XHJUB-TV XHJUB-TV Channel 56 is the Ciudad Juárez television station that is owned and operated by Televisa. The station is an affiliate of the Canal 5 network.-Digital Transition:... |
Mexico |
Spanish | ||
| 65 | TeleFutura TeleFutura TeleFutura is a U.S. Spanish-language broadcast television network owned by Univision with headquarters in Miami, Florida.-Overview:TeleFutura Is America’s #2 Spanish-Language Network in prime time... |
KTFN KTFN KTFN is a Spanish-language television station in El Paso, Texas, broadcasting locally on digital channel 51 as a TeleFutura affiliate. KTFN is owned by Entravision, and is a sister-station to KINT-TV. The station is also aired on Time Warner Cable channel 5.-History:KTFN signed on in 1991 as... |
United States |
Spanish |
There are three paid television signals available and 24 radio station signals in AM
AM broadcasting
AM broadcasting is the process of radio broadcasting using amplitude modulation. AM was the first method of impressing sound on a radio signal and is still widely used today. Commercial and public AM broadcasting is carried out in the medium wave band world wide, and on long wave and short wave...
and 21 in FM
FM broadcasting
FM broadcasting is a broadcasting technology pioneered by Edwin Howard Armstrong which uses frequency modulation to provide high-fidelity sound over broadcast radio. The term "FM band" describes the "frequency band in which FM is used for broadcasting"...
.
Sport
football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Juárez . The local football team is Indios de Ciudad JuárezIndios de Ciudad Juarez
Club de Futbol Indios de Ciudad Juárez commonly known as Indios or Los Indios de Juárez is a Mexican football team. It emerged after the Pachuca Juniors team moved to Ciudad Juarez. Most of the players belonged to Pachuca as reserves from the first team or are younger talent...
, which entered the Mexican First Division
Primera División de México
The Primera División Profesional , known simply as the Primera División, is the top level of the Mexican football league system and is administered by the Mexican Football Federation. It was established in 1943 and as of 2011 has 18 clubs. Up to June 2011, it was divided into three groups competing...
for the first time in 2008. Baseball
Baseball
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each. The aim is to score runs by hitting a thrown ball with a bat and touching a series of four bases arranged at the corners of a ninety-foot diamond...
, basketball
Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules...
, tennis
Tennis
Tennis is a sport usually played between two players or between two teams of two players each . Each player uses a racket that is strung to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society at all...
, and American football
American football
American football is a sport played between two teams of eleven with the objective of scoring points by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone. Known in the United States simply as football, it may also be referred to informally as gridiron football. The ball can be advanced by...
are also popular, most of which are played at the high schools and university level. The Indios rent the stadium Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez
Estadio Olimpico Benito Juarez
Estadio Olimpico Benito Juarez is a multi-purpose stadium in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. It is currently used mostly for football matches, concerts and is the home stadium of CF Indios a national football league contender. The stadium is owned by the Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez. The stadium...
. Juárez has 2 large stadiums: Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez and Estadio 20 de Noviembre, and smaller ones for baseball and different activities. Mountain biking is also popular, with the Chupacabras 100 km
Chupacabras (race)
Chupacabras is a 100 km mountain bike race in Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The annual race has taken place every October since 1997. It is sponsored entirely by the private sector and draws more than a thousand competitors each year, primarily from Mexico and the southern states United States...
race held annually in Juárez.
Near the Cordova International Bridge
Bridge of the Americas (El Paso-Ciudad Juárez)
The Bridge of the Americas is a group of international bridges which cross the Rio Grande connecting the United States-Mexico border cities of El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua...
is a large combination bmx
BMX
Bicycle motocross or BMX refers to the sport in which the main goal is extreme racing on bicycles in motocross style on tracks with inline start and expressive obstacles, and it is also the term that refers to the bicycle itself that is designed for dirt and motocross cycling.- History :BMX started...
and skatepark
Skatepark
A skatepark is a purpose-built recreational environment made for skateboarding, BMX, aggressive inline skating and scooters. A skatepark may contain half-pipes, quarter pipes, spine transfers, handrails, funboxes, vert ramps, pyramids, banked ramps, full pipes, pools, bowls, snake runs stairsets,...
, Parque Extremo. This park features a 20000 square feet (1,858.1 m²) concrete area with multiple ramps, rails, boxes, etc., and a 7000 square feet (650.3 m²) dirt area with ramps and tracks for bmx riding. It is much larger than the skate parks in nearby cities El Paso, Texas
El Paso, Texas
El Paso, is a city in and the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States, and lies in far West Texas. In the 2010 census, the city had a population of 649,121. It is the sixth largest city in Texas and the 19th largest city in the United States...
, and Las Cruces, New Mexico
Las Cruces, New Mexico
Las Cruces, also known as "The City of the Crosses", is the county seat of Doña Ana County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 97,618 in 2010 according to the 2010 Census, making it the second largest city in the state....
.
Ciudad Juárez served as host to the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament in 2008.
In film and other media
- Brokeback MountainBrokeback MountainBrokeback Mountain is a 2005 romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee. It is a film adaptation of the 1997 short story of the same name by Annie Proulx with the screenplay written by Diana Ossana and Larry McMurtry...
(2005) shows Jake GyllenhaalJake GyllenhaalJacob Benjamin "Jake" Gyllenhaal is an American actor. The son of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner, Gyllenhaal began acting at age ten...
's character Jack TwistJack TwistJack Twist is a fictional character of the short story "Brokeback Mountain" by Annie Proulx and the 2005 Academy Award-winning film adaptation of the same name directed by Ang Lee, where he was portrayed by American actor Jake Gyllenhaal...
going to Mexico to see a male prostitute. The sign on the road reads "Juarez". - The Day After TomorrowThe Day After TomorrowThe Day After Tomorrow is a 2004 American science-fiction disaster film that depicts the catastrophic effects of global warming in a series of extreme weather events that usher in global cooling which leads to a new ice age. The film did well at the box office, grossing $542,771,772 internationally...
(2004) shows American people crossing the Rio Grande to Mexico (Juarez). - Two novels by ChileChileChile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
an-born author Roberto BolañoRoberto BolañoRoberto Bolaño Ávalos was a Chilean novelist and poet. In 1999 he won the Rómulo Gallegos Prize for his novel Los detectives salvajes , and in 2008 he was posthumously awarded the National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction for his novel 2666, which was described by board member Marcela Valdes...
, The Savage DetectivesThe Savage DetectivesThe Savage Detectives is an award-winning novel published by the Chilean author Roberto Bolaño in 1998. Natasha Wimmer's English translation was published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in 2007...
and 26662666 (novel)2666 is the penultimate novel written by Chilean novelist Roberto Bolaño. Released in 2004, it depicts the unsolved and ongoing serial murders of Ciudad Juárez , the Eastern Front in World War II, and the breakdown of relationships and careers...
, take place in Juárez, named "Santa Teresa" in the novels. - The Virgin of Juarez (2006)
- Bordertown (2007) (The film was not actually filmed in Juárez).
- Backyard (2009) A film about the Juarez's missing women.
- Juárez is where Marilyn MonroeMarilyn MonroeMarilyn Monroe was an American actress, singer, model and showgirl who became a major sex symbol, starring in a number of commercially successful motion pictures during the 1950s....
divorced her third husband, Arthur MillerArthur MillerArthur Asher Miller was an American playwright and essayist. He was a prominent figure in American theatre, writing dramas that include plays such as All My Sons , Death of a Salesman , The Crucible , and A View from the Bridge .Miller was often in the public eye,...
. - Cormac McCarthyCormac McCarthyCormac McCarthy is an American novelist and playwright. He has written ten novels, spanning the Southern Gothic, Western, and modernist genres. He received the Pulitzer Prize and the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for Fiction for The Road...
's novel Cities of the PlainCities of the PlainCities of the Plain is the final volume of American novelist Cormac McCarthy's "Border Trilogy", published in 1998. A film adaptation to be directed by Andrew Dominik has been announced for release in 2012...
.
Songs about Ciudad Juárez
- "Juarez" performed by Better Than EzraBetter Than EzraBetter Than Ezra is an American alternative rock trio based in New Orleans, Louisiana.-Formation and early success:Better Than Ezra was formed in 1988 by its four original members - vocalist and guitarist Kevin Griffin; Joel Rundell, the lead guitarist; bassist Tom Drummond; and drummer, Cary...
- "¡Arriba Juárez!" performed by Juan GabrielJuan GabrielAlberto Aguilera Valadez , better known by his stage name Juan Gabriel , is a Mexican singer and songwriter who is one of the most famous living representatives of the Mexican ranchera, ballad, mariachi, and pop music....
- "Ciudad Juárez" performed by Maria Barracuda
- "Ciudad de Bajas Pasiones" performed by Enrique BunburyEnrique BunburyEnrique Ortiz de Landázuri Izardui , born August 11, 1967 is a Spanish rock singer-songwriter.Bunbury was born in Zaragoza, Spain. He got involved in music in the early 1980s, making his debut in a high school band called Apocalipsis, and later played along with Proceso Entrópico...
- "Just Like Tom Thumb's BluesJust Like Tom Thumb's Blues"Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues" is a song written and performed by Bob Dylan. It was originally recorded on August 2, 1965 and released on the album Highway 61 Revisited. The song was later released on the compilation album Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol...
" performed by Bob DylanBob DylanBob Dylan is an American singer-songwriter, musician, poet, film director and painter. He has been a major and profoundly influential figure in popular music and culture for five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s when he was an informal chronicler and a seemingly... - "Juárez" performed by Tori AmosTori AmosTori Amos is an American pianist, singer-songwriter and composer. She was at the forefront of a number of female singer-songwriters in the early 1990s and was noteworthy early in her career as one of the few alternative rock performers to use a piano as her primary instrument...
- "When Sinatra Played Juarez" performed by Tom RussellTom RussellThomas George "Tom" Russell is an American singer-songwriter. Although most strongly identified with the Texas Country music tradition, his music also incorporates elements of folk, Tex-Mex, and the cowboy music of the American West. Many of his songs have been recorded by other artists, including...
- "Hands on the Radio" performed by Chris GarneauChris GarneauChris Garneau is an American singer and songwriter and musician. Garneau's sound combines elements of folk, Americana, pop, baroque, and carnival music. Since releasing his debut album, Garneau has toured throughout the United States, Canada, Brazil, Europe, and Asia.Garneau cites Jeff Buckley,...
- "Invalid Litter Dept.Invalid Litter Dept."Invalid Litter Dept." was the third single released from At the Drive-In's album Relationship of Command. The CD release in March 2001 came in a variety of international formats, including the standard two CDs in the United Kingdom...
" performed by At the Drive-inAt the Drive-InAt the Drive-In was an American rock band from El Paso, Texas, considered part of the post-hardcore genre and active from 1993 to 2001. They were known for their extremely energetic stage shows which hearkened back to the 1980s hardcore scene... - "Ciudad Juárez" by Peter Loveday
- "En Juárez" by Diana Gameros
- "Juárez" by Mark Lanegan
Songs that mention Ciudad Juárez
- "Cocaine Blues" performed by Johnny CashJohnny CashJohn R. "Johnny" Cash was an American singer-songwriter, actor, and author, who has been called one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century...
- "Looking for the Very Old Man with Enormous Wings" performed by Living with Hermits
- "CUMBIA DEL PUENTE NEGRO" performed by Fuga
- "Avenida Revolucion" performed by ChickenfootChickenfootChickenfoot is an American rock supergroup, consisting of former Van Halen members Sammy Hagar and Michael Anthony , solo artist Joe Satriani and Red Hot Chili Peppers drummer Chad Smith. The band released their self-titled debut album, Chickenfoot, on June 5, 2009...
.
Places of interest
- Antigua Presidencia Municipal: (Old City Hall) The present facade dates from the 1940s, features carved chiluca stone and red volcanic tezontle, with originally fine woods. Site of many historic events. The older adobe building beneath the facade dates from the 18th c., and was known as the casas consistoriales.
- Misión de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe: The oldest standing building in Juárez, from the 17th century. Continuously used by the Catholic Church, restored in 1970s.
- Chaveña Fountain: rustic carved stone fountain built in the nineteenth century in the Chaveña district, catalogued by the INAH. Built in 1895.
- Benito Juárez Monument: Carrara marble pediment, chiluca stone column, and Italian and Mexican bronzes, commissioned by national subscription in 1906, restored in 1930 after the revolution, with fountains and flower beds. Elegant Porfirian structure.
- Federal Customs House: At the intersection of Juárez and 16 September, built during the Porfiriato, site of the Díaz-Taft 1909 Summit. Houses INAH museum of local and regional history.
- Centro Escolar Revolución: Designed by Mexico City architect Obregón y Santacilia, commissioned by President Lázaro Cárdenas, this elegant art déco structure in the Chaveña neighborhood features beautiful stained glass windows, inlaid floors, and a bust of Cárdenas in its interior. Completed in 1939.
- Auditorio Civico Benito Juárez: The local theater for the arts.
- Auditorio Municipal: The new state of the art theater built behind the UACJ Med School.
- Zona Pronaf: Bars, museums, shops, restaurants, entertainment. In the Zona Pronaf, one can find bars such as La Mulata, Cafe Dali, Don Quintin, San Martin, The News, Ole Bar Chamucos, among others.
- Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez: Home of the local soccer team Los Indios (The Indians).
- Avenida Juárez: Bars and shops.
- Parque Chamizal: Green area of the city, that consist of a park of over 40 acres (16 ha) with jogging trails, swings and recreational areas, which was once shared by El Paso and Juárez, was given back to Mexico by J.F.K in the early 1960s.
- Museo del ConcordeMuseo del ConcordeThe Museo del Concorde is a museum located in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México which is dedicated to, and houses parts of, the supersonic airliner, Concorde...
: A place to see original parts of the airliner. - Centro Cívico Paso del Norte (Opened on December 2006 and has been home of the Festival Internacional Chihuahua since).
- Misiones, Galerias Tec, Plaza Juárez and Rio Grande shopping malls.
- Parque Central: (Central Park) A family-oriented recreational area located 10 miles (16.1 km) south of the US-Mexico border.
- Parque Xtremo: The largest extreme park in Latin America.
- Cibeles: Convention Center
- Museo Regional de San Agustin: Museum in the town of San Agustin in the Valle de Juarez, where pieces are very old , for example fossils, remains of mammoth, as well as antique pieces from several decades ago.
Notable natives and residents
- Juan AcevedoJuan AcevedoJuan Carlos Acevedo is a former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. He attended Dundee-Crown High School in Carpentersville, Illinois....
, professional baseball player - Miguel Aceves MejíaMiguel Aceves MejíaMiguel Aceves Mejía was a Mexican actor, composer, and singer.Miguel Aceves Mejía, or "the King of the falsetto" as he was popularly known, was born in Ciudad Juárez in the state of Chihuahua...
, singer and actor - Elizabeth ÁlvarezElizabeth ÁlvarezElizabeth Álvarez Ronquillo is a Mexican actress born in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. She appeared on the telenovela "Fuego En La Sangre" where she plays "Jimena Elizondo".-Career:...
, actress - Norma AndradeNorma AndradeNorma Andrade is one of the founding members of Nuestras Hijas de Regreso a Casa A.C., a Mexican non-profit association of mothers whose daughters have been victims of female homicides in Ciudad Juárez. Her daughter, Lilia Alejandra García Andrade, disappeared on February 14, 2001. On February 21,...
, a founding member of Nuestras Hijas de Regreso a Casa A.C.Nuestras Hijas de Regreso a Casa A.C.Nuestras Hijas de Regreso a Casa A.C. is a non profit organization composed of mothers, family members, and friends of victims of the female homicides in Ciudad Juárez. The mothers claim that their cases have gone unsolved in some cases for over 12 years... - Antonio Attolini LackAntonio Attolini LackJosé Antonio Attolini Lack is a Mexican architect.- Biography :Attolini graduated at the Faculty of Architecture of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México in Mexico City in December 1955. He has designed several recognized commercial and religious buildings, as well as accommodation buildings...
, architect - Liliana DomínguezLiliana DomínguezLiliana Domínguez is a Mexican fashion model.Liliana began modeling at 15 after a British model agent spotted her at a party in Mexico City and sent Dominguez to London, England....
, fashion model - Lince DoradoLince DoradoLince Dorado is a Puerto Rican professional wrestler. He is best known for working for Chikara and currently performs for the several independent promotions.-Debut:...
, wrestler - Abelardo Escobar PrietoAbelardo Escobar PrietoAbelardo Escobar Prieto. Born in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.Member of the National Action Party . During his extensive academic, professional and political career, he was Director General of his alma mater for three consecutive years until 1976....
, politician - FishmanFishman (wrestler)José Ángel Nájera Sánchez, best known under the ring name of Fishman, is a retired Mexican professional wrestler who became one of Lucha Libre's biggest stars during the 1980s with the Universal Wrestling Association. Fishman retired in 2000....
, wrestler - Julio Daniel FríasJulio Daniel FríasJulio Daniel Frías Adame is a Mexican footballer who currently plays for Indios de Ciudad Juárez....
, soccer player - Gory GuerreroGory GuerreroSalvador Guerrero Quesada , better known as Gory Guerrero, was one of the premier Hispanic professional wrestlers in the early days of Lucha Libre when most wrestlers were imported from outside of Mexico. He wrestled primarily in Empresa Mexicana de la Lucha Libre between the 1940s and 1960s...
, wrestler - Vanessa GuzmánVanessa Guzmán-External links:...
, Nuestra Belleza Mexico 1996Nuestra Belleza México 1996The 3rd Nuestra Belleza México pageant, was held at the Centro de Convenciones of Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico on September 22, 1996. Thirty-two contestants competed for the national title, which was won by Rebeca Tamez of Tamaulipas, who later competed in Miss Universe 1997. Tamez was crowned by...
and actress - Juan GabrielJuan GabrielAlberto Aguilera Valadez , better known by his stage name Juan Gabriel , is a Mexican singer and songwriter who is one of the most famous living representatives of the Mexican ranchera, ballad, mariachi, and pop music....
, singer (Raised in Cd. Juárez, born in Parácuaro, Michoacán) - Johnny "J"Johnny "J"Johnny Lee Jackson , commonly known in the music industry as Johnny "J", was a Mexican multi-platinum songwriter, music producer and rapper who was perhaps best remembered for his production on Tupac Shakur's albums All Eyez on Me and Me Against the World, as well as many of Shakur's subsequent...
, rapper - Paco Lala'sPaco Lala'sPaco Lala's is a Mexican TV host who is remembered because of his participation on the famous Mexican TV show "Cada Mañana" from 2000 to 2005.- References :...
, television host - Francisco MartínezFrancisco MartínezFrancisco "El Quico" Martínez Cordero was a Mexican basketball player. He competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics....
, basketball player - Karla MartínezKarla MartínezKarla Martínez is a Mexican TV Show Host. She is best known for hosting the show Control from 2000 to 2006 where she took over the show after Lesley Ann Machado's departure. She is currently a co-host on the popular morning show Despierta América on the Univision Network.Martínez was born in...
, co-host of Despierta AmericaDespierta América¡Despierta América! is a popular Spanish language morning show which has aired on the Univision television network since 1997. It is broadcast from the network's studios in Miami, Florida, and is hosted by Chiquinquirá Delgado, Poncho de Anda, Raúl González, and Karla Martínez. Satcha Pretto and... - Lilia Merodio RezaLilia Merodio RezaLilia Guadalupe Merodio Reza is a Mexican politician. She is currently an Institutional Revolutionary Party federal deputy for the Second District of Chihuahua....
, politician - Guadalupe MirandaGuadalupe MirandaGuadalupe Miranda was a Mexican public official who was mayor of Ciudad Juárez and recipient of the Beaubien-Miranda Land Grant.-Early life:...
, former mayor - Luis MontesLuis MontesLuis Arturo Montes Jiménez is a Mexican footballer. He plays currently been playing Club León on loan from C.F. Pachuca since June 2011.-External links:...
, soccer player - Kitten NatividadKitten NatividadKitten Natividad is a Mexican American film actress and exotic dancer, noted for her 44-inch chest and appearances in cult films by her ex-partner, director Russ Meyer.-Early years:...
, former adult film actress - Ivonne SotoIvonne SotoIvonne Soto Molina is a Mexican actress and model.- References :...
, fashion model - German ValdesGermán ValdésGermán Genaro Cipriano Gomez Valdés Castillo , better known as Tin-Tan, was an actor, singer and comedian who was born in Mexico City but was raised and began his career in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua. He often displayed the pachuco dress and employed pachuco slang in many of his movies, some with his...
, actor - Manuel "El Loco" ValdesManuel ValdésManuel "El Loco" Valdés is a Mexican actor and comedian, member of the Valdés family. He is the brother of Ramón Valdez , from the sitcom "El Chavo", and Germán Valdez...
, comedian - Ramon ValdesRamón ValdésRamón Gómez Valdés de Castillo often credited as Ramón Valdéz, was a Mexican actor. He was born in Mexico City...
, actor - Tito LarrivaTito Larriva-Early life:Larriva was born in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, and grew up in Fairbanks, Alaska, and El Paso, Texas. As a child he played the violin in the school orchestra and sang in the church and school choirs where he met his wife Janet Carroll. In 1972 Larriva snuck into Yale University for a full...
, musician - Rene Maynez, artist
External links
- How Has the Violence in Juárez Changed Border Culture? Official webpage of Juárez
- Interview with Hector Murguia, mayor of Juarez at Wall Street Journal, published 11/13/2010
- U.S. must act to curb violence in Mexico, The Miami Herald, December 22, 2010 Secretariat of Industrial Development of Chihuahua State Government
- 2003 NPR article about the murders of Juárez women
- Border Stories video on a threatened Juarez journalist
- NY Times report on the nuclear accident
- Ciudad Juárez
- Juarez Newspaper Publishes Editorial Addressing Cartels – video report by Democracy Now!Democracy Now!Democracy Now! and its staff have received several journalism awards, including the Gracie Award from American Women in Radio & Television; the George Polk Award for its 1998 radio documentary Drilling and Killing: Chevron and Nigeria's Oil Dictatorship, on the Chevron Corporation and the deaths of...