Clanis bilineata
Encyclopedia
Clanis bilineata is a moth
of the Sphingidae
family. It is found in Asia
, but see the subspecies section for a detailed range.
The wingspan
is 94-150 mm for ssp. bilineata and 94-120 mm for ssp. tsingtauica. Adults of the nominate subspecies are on wing from late February until October, with peaks in April, late July-early August, and mid September in Hong Kong. There are multiple generations per year. Subspecies tsingtauica is on wing from May to late September in Korea.
Larvae of the nominate subspecies have been recorded on Pongamia pinnata
, Millettia atropurpurea and Pterocarpus marsupium in India. In southern China it has been recorded from Mucuna
and Pueraria
. Subspecies tsingtauica is monophagous on Fabaceae
in China, including Acacia
, Glycine
, Mucuna
, Puereria and Robinia
species. Other recorded food plants include Olea
and Paulownia
but these are almost certainly erroneous.
Subspecies tsingtauica is a major pest of soyabeans in China, often defoliating entire fields.
Moth
A moth is an insect closely related to the butterfly, both being of the order Lepidoptera. Moths form the majority of this order; there are thought to be 150,000 to 250,000 different species of moth , with thousands of species yet to be described...
of the Sphingidae
Sphingidae
Sphingidae is a family of moths , commonly known as hawk moths, sphinx moths and hornworms, that includes about 1,200 species . It is best represented in the tropics but there are species in every region . They are moderate to large in size and are distinguished among moths for their rapid,...
family. It is found in Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
, but see the subspecies section for a detailed range.
The wingspan
Wingspan
The wingspan of an airplane or a bird, is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777 has a wingspan of about ; and a Wandering Albatross caught in 1965 had a wingspan of , the official record for a living bird.The term wingspan, more technically extent, is...
is 94-150 mm for ssp. bilineata and 94-120 mm for ssp. tsingtauica. Adults of the nominate subspecies are on wing from late February until October, with peaks in April, late July-early August, and mid September in Hong Kong. There are multiple generations per year. Subspecies tsingtauica is on wing from May to late September in Korea.
Larvae of the nominate subspecies have been recorded on Pongamia pinnata
Pongamia pinnata
Milletia pinnata is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native in tropical and temperate Asia including parts of India, China, Japan, Malesia, Australia and Pacific islands. It is often known by the synonym Pongamia pinnata as it was moved to the genus Millettia only recently...
, Millettia atropurpurea and Pterocarpus marsupium in India. In southern China it has been recorded from Mucuna
Mucuna
Mucuna is a genus of around 100 accepted species of climbing vines and shrubs of the family Fabaceae, found worldwide in the woodlands of tropical areas....
and Pueraria
Pueraria
Pueraria is a genus of 15–20 species of plants native to Asia.The genus is polyphyletic, with different species being related to species in Glycine , Amphicarpaea, Nogra, Teyleria, Neonotonia, Pseudovigna, Pseudeminia, Pachyrhizus , and other genera of the tribe Phaseoleae.- Species :The...
. Subspecies tsingtauica is monophagous on Fabaceae
Fabaceae
The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. The group is the third largest land plant family, behind only the Orchidaceae and Asteraceae, with 730 genera and over 19,400 species...
in China, including Acacia
Acacia
Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae, first described in Africa by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1773. Many non-Australian species tend to be thorny, whereas the majority of Australian acacias are not...
, Glycine
Glycine
Glycine is an organic compound with the formula NH2CH2COOH. Having a hydrogen substituent as its 'side chain', glycine is the smallest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. Its codons are GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG cf. the genetic code.Glycine is a colourless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid...
, Mucuna
Mucuna
Mucuna is a genus of around 100 accepted species of climbing vines and shrubs of the family Fabaceae, found worldwide in the woodlands of tropical areas....
, Puereria and Robinia
Robinia
Robinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, native to North America and northern Mexico. Commonly known as "locusts", they are deciduous trees and shrubs growing 4-25 m tall. The leaves are pinnate with 7-21 oval leaflets. The flowers are white or pink, in...
species. Other recorded food plants include Olea
Olea
Olea is a genus of about 40 species in the family Oleaceae, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of southern Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australasia. They are evergreen trees and shrubs, with small, opposite, entire leaves...
and Paulownia
Paulownia
Paulownia is a genus of from 6 to 17 species of plants in the monogeneric family Paulowniaceae, related to and sometimes included in the Scrophulariaceae. They are native to much of China, south to northern Laos and Vietnam, and long cultivated elsewhere in eastern Asia, notably in Japan and Korea...
but these are almost certainly erroneous.
Subspecies tsingtauica is a major pest of soyabeans in China, often defoliating entire fields.
Subspecies
Some authors recognise three distinct subspecies, while others regard them as synonyms:- Clanis bilineata bilineata (Southern India, then from Nepal and northern India (Sikkim) across southern China to Taiwan)
- Clanis bilineata formosana (Taiwan)
- Clanis bilineata tsingtauica (the Russian Far East, Japan, Korea and north-eastern China, as far south as Shaanxi and Zhejiang)