Class 1000 Shinkansen
Encyclopedia
was the classification given to the two prototype Japanese Shinkansen
trains built for high-speed testing ahead of the opening of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in 1964.
vehicles. Due to differing vehicle construction, car 1004 in set B had unusual elongated hexagonal windows. Among the features not continued on the production 0 series units were externally sliding doors, and a translucent nose section illuminated from inside by fifteen 20 W fluorescent tubes. Cars 1002, 1004 and 1006 were fitted with auxiliary pantographs adjacent to the main pantographs.
Car 1001 featured two rows each of rotating unidirectional 1st class and 2nd class seating arranged 2+2 abreast. These seats were the same as those used on 151 series limited express
EMUs.
Car 1002 featured 2nd class seating arranged in back-to-back seating bays, 2+3 abreast with armrests. Seating pitch was 1900 mm (74.8 in).
Car 1003 featured 2nd class flip-over reversible seating, 2+3 abreast with a seating pitch of 950 mm (37.4 in). This was the design ultimately used on the first production 0 series sets.
Car 1004 featured 2nd class flip-over reversible seating, 2+3 abreast with a seating pitch of 950 mm (37.4 in). The design differed from that used in car 1003 in that the seat backs were single-sided.
Car 1005 featured 2nd class seating arranged in 1300 mm (51.18 in) wide back-to-back express-style seating bays, 3+3 with no armrests. Seating pitch was 1900 mm (74.8 in).
Car 1006 featured 2nd class seating arranged in back-to-back seating bays, 2+3 abreast with armrests. Seating pitch was 1900 mm (74.8 in).
Cars 1001, 1003, and 1005 had toilets and washbasins, Japanese and western style in cars 1001 and 1003, and both Japanese style in car 1005. Urinals were also provided – the first time on general Japanese trains other than dedicated school-trip EMUs.
, and transferred by road and rail to Nippon Sharyo
's Warabi factory in Kawaguchi, Saitama
on 17 April. The 2-car set A was then unveiled to the press at Nippon Sharyo on 25 April 1962.
Test running was performed on the 32 km "model track" test section between Kamonomiya in Odawara
and Ayase
in Kanagawa prefecture
from 26 June 1962. A speed of 190 km/h (118 mph) was first recorded on 27 October 1962 by set B, breaking the previous record of 175 km/h (109 mph) set by the narrow-gauge KuMoYa 93 test train on 21 November 1960. A speed of 200 km/h (124 mph) was first recorded on 31 October 1962 by set B, 210 km/h (130 mph) was reached on 20 December 1962, 243 km/h (151 mph) was recorded on 19 March 1963, and on 30 March 1963, set B recorded a world speed record of 256 km/h (159 mph).
With the start of test-running and trial service on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen between Tokyo and Osaka in June 1964, set A was reclassified as a Class 941 emergency relief train (cars 941-1 and 941-2), and set B as a Class 922
track and overhead wire
inspection train (set T1) (cars 922-1–4). The Class 941 remained out of use at Osaka Depot, and the Class 922 set was active until the new Class 922/10 set, T2, was delivered in 1974.
All six prototype cars were cut up at Hamamatsu Works between 1975 and 1976, being used to test the cutting-up facilities ahead of the first batch of 360 0 series cars due for withdrawal.
Shinkansen
The , also known as THE BULLET TRAIN, is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan operated by four Japan Railways Group companies. Starting with the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in 1964, the network has expanded to currently consist of of lines with maximum speeds of , of Mini-shinkansen with a...
trains built for high-speed testing ahead of the opening of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in 1964.
Set A
- 1001 (Mc) built by Kisha, seating capacity 56 (actual 16), DT9002 bogies
- 1002 (MDc) built by Nippon SharyoNippon Sharyo, , formed in 1896, is a major rolling stock manufacturer based in Nagoya, Japan. In 1996, it abbreviated its name to "日本車両" Nippon Sharyō. Its shortest abbreviation is Nissha "日車". It was a listed company on Nikkei 225 until 2004. It is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Nagoya Stock Exchange...
, seating capacity 80, DT9001 bogies
Set B
- 1003 (Mc) built by HitachiHitachiHitachi is a multinational corporation specializing in high-technology.Hitachi may also refer to:*Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan*Hitachi province, former province of Japan*Prince Hitachi and Princess Hitachi, members of the Japanese imperial family...
, seating capacity 70, DT9006 bogies - 1004 (MD) built by HitachiHitachiHitachi is a multinational corporation specializing in high-technology.Hitachi may also refer to:*Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan*Hitachi province, former province of Japan*Prince Hitachi and Princess Hitachi, members of the Japanese imperial family...
, seating capacity 100, DT9004 bogies - 1005 (M) built by Kawasaki SharyoKawasaki Heavy Industriesis an international corporation based in Japan. It has headquarters in both Chūō-ku, Kobe and Minato, Tokyo.The company is named after its founder Shōzō Kawasaki and has no connection with the city of Kawasaki, Kanagawa....
, seating capacity 80, DT9005 bogies - 1006 (MDc) built by Kinki SharyoKinki Sharyois an Osaka, Japan-based manufacturer of railroad vehicles. It is an affiliate company of Kintetsu Corporation.In business since 1920 and renamed The Kinki Sharyo Co., Ltd in 1945...
, seating capacity 80, DT9003 bogies
Construction
All vehicles were of welded steel construction, and had rounded cab windows except for car 1006 which had an angular design which was ultimately used on the production 0 series0 Series Shinkansen
The trains were the first Shinkansen trainsets built to run on Japan's new Tōkaidō Shinkansen high-speed line which opened in 1964. The last remaining trainsets were withdrawn in 2008.-History:...
vehicles. Due to differing vehicle construction, car 1004 in set B had unusual elongated hexagonal windows. Among the features not continued on the production 0 series units were externally sliding doors, and a translucent nose section illuminated from inside by fifteen 20 W fluorescent tubes. Cars 1002, 1004 and 1006 were fitted with auxiliary pantographs adjacent to the main pantographs.
Interior
Internally, each car featured a different seating configuration for assessment, as described below.Car 1001 featured two rows each of rotating unidirectional 1st class and 2nd class seating arranged 2+2 abreast. These seats were the same as those used on 151 series limited express
Limited express
A limited express is a type of express train service. It refers to an express service that stops at a limited number of stops in comparison to other express services on the same or similar routes.- Japan :...
EMUs.
Car 1002 featured 2nd class seating arranged in back-to-back seating bays, 2+3 abreast with armrests. Seating pitch was 1900 mm (74.8 in).
Car 1003 featured 2nd class flip-over reversible seating, 2+3 abreast with a seating pitch of 950 mm (37.4 in). This was the design ultimately used on the first production 0 series sets.
Car 1004 featured 2nd class flip-over reversible seating, 2+3 abreast with a seating pitch of 950 mm (37.4 in). The design differed from that used in car 1003 in that the seat backs were single-sided.
Car 1005 featured 2nd class seating arranged in 1300 mm (51.18 in) wide back-to-back express-style seating bays, 3+3 with no armrests. Seating pitch was 1900 mm (74.8 in).
Car 1006 featured 2nd class seating arranged in back-to-back seating bays, 2+3 abreast with armrests. Seating pitch was 1900 mm (74.8 in).
Cars 1001, 1003, and 1005 had toilets and washbasins, Japanese and western style in cars 1001 and 1003, and both Japanese style in car 1005. Urinals were also provided – the first time on general Japanese trains other than dedicated school-trip EMUs.
History
The first car to be built, 1001, was delivered on 16 April 1962 from Tokyo Kisha's factory in Kōtō, TokyoKoto, Tokyo
is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. As of 2008, the ward has an estimated population of 442,271 and a population density of 11,070 persons per km². The total area is 39.48 km². The ward refers to itself as Kōtō City in English....
, and transferred by road and rail to Nippon Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo
, , formed in 1896, is a major rolling stock manufacturer based in Nagoya, Japan. In 1996, it abbreviated its name to "日本車両" Nippon Sharyō. Its shortest abbreviation is Nissha "日車". It was a listed company on Nikkei 225 until 2004. It is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Nagoya Stock Exchange...
's Warabi factory in Kawaguchi, Saitama
Kawaguchi, Saitama
is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on April 1, 1933.As of January 1, 2011, the city has an estimated population of 517,171, the second largest in Saitama Prefecture after Saitama, and a population density of 9,276.61 persons per km². The total area is 55.75 km²...
on 17 April. The 2-car set A was then unveiled to the press at Nippon Sharyo on 25 April 1962.
Test running was performed on the 32 km "model track" test section between Kamonomiya in Odawara
Odawara, Kanagawa
is a city located in western Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2010, the city had an estimated population of 198,466 with a population density of 1,740 persons per km² . The total area was .-Geography:...
and Ayase
Ayase, Kanagawa
is a city in central Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is on the east bank of the Sagami River and is bordered by Yamato, Fujisawa and Ebina cities. It should not be confused with a neighborhood of the same name in Adachi, Tokyo. As of 2010, the city had an estimated population of 82,738 and a...
in Kanagawa prefecture
Kanagawa Prefecture
is a prefecture located in the southern Kantō region of Japan. The capital is Yokohama. Kanagawa is part of the Greater Tokyo Area.-History:The prefecture has some archaeological sites going back to the Jōmon period...
from 26 June 1962. A speed of 190 km/h (118 mph) was first recorded on 27 October 1962 by set B, breaking the previous record of 175 km/h (109 mph) set by the narrow-gauge KuMoYa 93 test train on 21 November 1960. A speed of 200 km/h (124 mph) was first recorded on 31 October 1962 by set B, 210 km/h (130 mph) was reached on 20 December 1962, 243 km/h (151 mph) was recorded on 19 March 1963, and on 30 March 1963, set B recorded a world speed record of 256 km/h (159 mph).
With the start of test-running and trial service on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen between Tokyo and Osaka in June 1964, set A was reclassified as a Class 941 emergency relief train (cars 941-1 and 941-2), and set B as a Class 922
Doctor Yellow
is the nickname for the high-speed test trains that are used on the Japanese Shinkansen dedicated express passenger train routes.The trains have special equipment on board to monitor the condition of the track and overhead wire, including special instrumented bogies and observation blisters.The...
track and overhead wire
Overhead lines
Overhead lines or overhead wires are used to transmit electrical energy to trams, trolleybuses or trains at a distance from the energy supply point...
inspection train (set T1) (cars 922-1–4). The Class 941 remained out of use at Osaka Depot, and the Class 922 set was active until the new Class 922/10 set, T2, was delivered in 1974.
All six prototype cars were cut up at Hamamatsu Works between 1975 and 1976, being used to test the cutting-up facilities ahead of the first batch of 360 0 series cars due for withdrawal.