Clathurellidae
Encyclopedia
Clathurellidae is a monophyletic family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 of small to medium-sized sea snail
Sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for those snails that normally live in saltwater, marine gastropod molluscs....

s, marine
Marine (ocean)
Marine is an umbrella term. As an adjective it is usually applicable to things relating to the sea or ocean, such as marine biology, marine ecology and marine geology...

 gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea
Conoidea
Conoidea is a superfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the suborder Hypsogastropoda. This superfamily is a very large group of marine mollusks, estimated at about 340 recent valid genera and subgenera, and considered by one authority to contain 4,000 named living species...

.

2005 taxonomy

In the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005)
Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...

 there was Clathurellinae classified as a subfamily of Conidae.

2011 taxonomy

In 2011 Bouchet
Philippe Bouchet
Philippe Bouchet is a French scientist, a zoologist whose primary scientific field of study is malacology. He is a senior professor at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, and is head of the Malacology laboratory and the Taxonomy Collections Unit there...

, Kantor et al. brought some genera from the subfamily Clathurellinae
Clathurellinae
Clathurellinae was a subfamily of small to quite large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Conidae.In 2011 this subfamily was split into three new families: Borsoniidae, Mitromorphidae and Clathurellidae - Genera :...

 (at that point belonging to the family Conidae) in a new family Clathurellidae. This was based on anatomical characters and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

 fragments.

Description

Species in this family have small to medium-sized fusiform shells that have strong sculpture
Sculpture (mollusc)
The sculpture of a mollusc shell is the three-dimensional ornamentation on the outer surface, as distinct from the basic shape of the shell itself or colouration. Sculpture may be concave as well as convex. Sometimes it has microscopic detail. Sculpture refers to the calcareous outer layer, not the...

. The apex
Apex (mollusc)
Apex is an anatomical term for the tip of the mollusc shell of a gastropod, scaphopod, or cephalopod mollusc.-Gastropods:The word "apex" is most often used to mean the tip of the spire of the shell of a gastropod...

 is mammillary. The anal sinus is varicose, and touches the sutural ramp. The columella is tuberculated posterior, rugose in front. It lacks columellar pleats. The siphonal canal
Siphonal canal
Some sea marine gastropods have a soft tubular anterior extension of the mantle called a siphon through which water is drawn into the mantle cavity and over the gill and which serves as a chemoreceptor to locate food. In many carnivorous snails, where the siphon is particularly long, the structure...

 is slightly curved, and varies in length between short to moderately long (as in Glyphostoma rostrata
Glyphostoma rostrata
Glyphostoma rostrata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Clathurellidae.-Description:The size of an adult shell varies between 20 mm and 30 mm.-Distribution:...

). The operculum
Operculum (gastropod)
The operculum, meaning little lid, is a corneous or calcareous anatomical structure which exists in many groups of sea snails and freshwater snails, and also in a few groups of land snails...

 is always in this family.

The family Clathurellidae appears to differ from the family Mangeliidae principally in its more rounded whorls and cancellated sculpture.

Genera

Genera within the family Clathurellidae include:
  • Acrista Hedley, 1922
  • ? Adanaclava Bartsch, 1950
  • ? Clathromangelia
    Clathromangelia
    Clathromangelia is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clathurellidae, .The species in this genus lack a radula...

    Monterosato, 1884 - synonym: Clathromangilia
  • Clathurella
    Clathurella
    Clathurella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clathurellidae.-Species:Species within the genus Clathurella include:* Clathurella capaniola * Clathurella clathra Lesson, 1842...

    Carpenter, 1857
  • Comarmondia Monterosato, 1884 - synonyms: Bellardia Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1883; Bellardiella P. Fischer, 1883; Bellatula Strand, 1929
  • Corinnaeturris Bouchet & Warén, 1980
  • Crockerella
    Crockerella
    Crockerella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clathurellidae.-Species:Species within the genus Crockerella include:* Crockerella castianira * Crockerella constricta...

    Hertlein & Strong, 1951
  • Etrema
    Etrema
    Etrema is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clathurellidae.-Species:According to the World Register of Marine Species , species with valid names within the genus Etrema include:...

    Hedley, 1918 - synonym: Iraqetrema Dance & Eames, 1966
  • Etremopa Oyama, 1953
  • Etremopsis Powell, 1942
  • Euclathurella Woodring, 1928
  • Euglyphostoma Woodring, 1970
  • Glyphostoma
    Glyphostoma
    Glyphostoma is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clathurellidae.-Species:Species within the genus Glyphostoma include:* Glyphostoma aguadillana...

    Gabb, 1873
  • Glyphostomops Bartsch, 1934
  • Lienardia Jousseaume, 1884
  • Nannodiella
    Nannodiella
    Nannodiella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clathurellidae.-Species:Species within the genus Nannodiella include:* Nannodiella candidula * Nannodiella elatior...

    Dall, 1919
  • Paraclathurella Boettger, 1895
  • Pseudoetrema Oyama, 1953
  • Strombinoturris Hertlein & Strong, 1951
  • Thetidos Hedley, 1899 - as a separate genus or as a synonym of Lienardia
  • Turrella Laseron, 1954
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