Claus-Frenz Claussen
Encyclopedia
Claus-Frenz Claussen, (born 28 May 1939 in Husum, Nordfriesland
, Schleswig-Holstein
) is a German ENT
-Medician
and University teacher
, author, editor, artist
and inventor. He was the first university teacher for neurotology
to be appointed in Germany.
and Hamburg
, where he took his German medical state exam and the United States Medical Licensing Examination. In 1965, he obtained a doctorate degree with a dissertation, "a comparison of the enteral absorption of Digoxine and digostine esters".
During his academic years, he attended courses at the universities of Toulouse
(France), Oxford
(England), Oslo
(Norway), Göteborg (Sweden), Copenhagen
and Århus (Denmark), as a scholarship holder
of the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes.
Between 1965 and 1967, Claussen was an intern at Hamburg
and Simmerath
(Eifel
). From 1967 to 1970, he was assistant lecturer at the University ENT clinic of the University of Berlin. From 1968 to 1969, he completed research visits in the then newly created field of neurotology at Nils Gunnar Henriksson (1920–1999) in Lund
(Sweden), and developed numerous neurotological tests such as cranio-corpography
.
In 1970, he qualified as a professor at the FU Berlin to be the first university teacher for neurotology (the study of the functioning and disordered functions of the cranial senses) in Germany. His postdoctoral thesis was about the recording and evaluation of selected quantitative equilibrium function tests ("Über die Aufzeichnung und Auswertung ausgewählter quantitativer Gleichgewichtsfunktionsprüfungen“). In 1969 he started developing corresponding departments at the university clinics of Berlin and Würzburg
. Since 1971, he has been head of this department in the ENT Clinic in the University of Würzburg
, where he qualified as a professor of neurotology in 1971.
From 1972 to 1974, he conducted research in Buenos Aires
(Argentina
), under the tutorship of Juan Manuel Tato (1902–2004). He also published his first textbook, his own concept of modern equilibriometry, the objective and quantitative measuring of the equilibrium
function. Additionally, he completed several research visits to the NASA
laboratories headed by Ashton Graybiel in Pensacola, Florida
.
Claussen was professor and, since 1978, associate professor for neurotology at the ENT clinic of the University of Würzburg until his Emeritus
after the end of the summer semester 2004 . He investigated the regulation of the equilibrium, the sensory functions of the hearing organs, as well as smell and taste perception.
and double vision, and hearing disorders or tinnitus
. In 1972, Claussen began scientific cooperation with scientists and institutions around the world.
In 1974, he co-founded the international Neurootological and Equilibriometric Society
(NES) in Bad Kissingen
and, in 1981, the "Research Society for Smell, Taste, Hearing and Equilibrium Disorders at Bad Kissingen“ (4-GF e.V), of which he remains president. Also after his Emeritus, he still holds numerous honorary posts as a president or chairman of international medical organizations.
Claussen has organized and conducted a lot of international congresses, which often take place in his home town of Bad Kissingen, about neurotology and disorders of the cranial senses as well as their therapy. So, he has, since 1974, organized the annual "International Congress of Neurootologists", which is attended by participants from 33 countries.
, Berlin and Franconia
. One of Claussen's steel sculptures was erected in the Inner Court of the Charité
in Berlin in 1991. His works of art have been exhibited in numerous single exhibitions since 1992.
Claussen regularly gives lectures about "the connections between science and art with practical examples“ (following invitations of the Art school
der State University of New York
in 1975 and of the University of Würzburg in 1976). Since his formulation of the concept of Narrative Sensologism as bridging concept between science, art and philosophy in 2002, Claussen has given lectures concerning this topic.
Claussen co-founded VAK ("Verein zur allgemeinen Kunstförderung", Association for General Art Promotion) in Lichtenberg (Upper Franconia) in 1987 and co-founded as a vice-president the European art association "Via Europae Sculpturarum“ in 1997.
In 1992, Claussen became the official artist of the Bayreuth Festival
in Bayreuth with exhibiting own sculptures in the interior and the exterior of the festival theatre.
Books written by Claussen about art are:
Claussen says that, "Science is impression, Art is expression, as both of those have their origin in an idea which then finds its 'form' either in the artistic work or in the scientific proof [...] Whatever man strives for in art, science, religion and philosophy, is truth – however, how can we understand it within our limited capacities of perception?“
.
The book written by Claussen about the "Auto-Cyberno-Mobile“ is, "'Das Auto-Cyberno-Mobil. Ein autonomes, medizinisch-technisches Straßenfahrzeug für individuelle Fahrten in der dritten Lebensphase. Neurootologisches Forschungsinstitut der Gesellschaft zur Erforschung von Geruch-, Geschmack-, Gehör- und Gleichgewichtsstörungen (Hrsg.), Bad Kissingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-020941-3
(ITJ; ).
Nordfriesland
Nordfriesland, English "Northern Friesland" or "North Frisia", is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia along with adjacent areas to the east and south and is bounded by the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and...
, Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
) is a German ENT
Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology or ENT is the branch of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders....
-Medician
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
and University teacher
Faculty (university)
A faculty is a division within a university comprising one subject area, or a number of related subject areas...
, author, editor, artist
Visual arts
The visual arts are art forms that create works which are primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, and often modern visual arts and architecture...
and inventor. He was the first university teacher for neurotology
Neurotology
Neurotology or neuro-otology is a branch of clinical medicine which studies and treats neurological disorders of the ear. It is a subspecialty of otolaryngology, and is closely related to otology. Neurotologists are physicians who have specialised in otolaryngology, but who have further...
to be appointed in Germany.
Life
Claussen studied medicine at the universities of BonnUniversity of Bonn
The University of Bonn is a public research university located in Bonn, Germany. Founded in its present form in 1818, as the linear successor of earlier academic institutions, the University of Bonn is today one of the leading universities in Germany. The University of Bonn offers a large number...
and Hamburg
University of Hamburg
The University of Hamburg is a university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by Wilhelm Stern and others. It grew out of the previous Allgemeines Vorlesungswesen and the Kolonialinstitut as well as the Akademisches Gymnasium. There are around 38,000 students as of the start of...
, where he took his German medical state exam and the United States Medical Licensing Examination. In 1965, he obtained a doctorate degree with a dissertation, "a comparison of the enteral absorption of Digoxine and digostine esters".
During his academic years, he attended courses at the universities of Toulouse
University of Toulouse
The Université de Toulouse is a consortium of French universities, grandes écoles and other institutions of higher education and research, named after one of the earliest universities established in Europe in 1229, and including the successor universities to that earlier university...
(France), Oxford
University of Oxford
The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
(England), Oslo
University of Oslo
The University of Oslo , formerly The Royal Frederick University , is the oldest and largest university in Norway, situated in the Norwegian capital of Oslo. The university was founded in 1811 and was modelled after the recently established University of Berlin...
(Norway), Göteborg (Sweden), Copenhagen
University of Copenhagen
The University of Copenhagen is the oldest and largest university and research institution in Denmark. Founded in 1479, it has more than 37,000 students, the majority of whom are female , and more than 7,000 employees. The university has several campuses located in and around Copenhagen, with the...
and Århus (Denmark), as a scholarship holder
Scholarship
A scholarship is an award of financial aid for a student to further education. Scholarships are awarded on various criteria usually reflecting the values and purposes of the donor or founder of the award.-Types:...
of the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes.
Between 1965 and 1967, Claussen was an intern at Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
and Simmerath
Simmerath
Simmerath is a municipality in the district of Aachen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located approx. 20 km south-east of Aachen, near the border to Belgium.The administrative area was expanded in 1972 and includes the following localities:...
(Eifel
Eifel
The Eifel is a low mountain range in western Germany and eastern Belgium. It occupies parts of southwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate and the south of the German-speaking Community of Belgium....
). From 1967 to 1970, he was assistant lecturer at the University ENT clinic of the University of Berlin. From 1968 to 1969, he completed research visits in the then newly created field of neurotology at Nils Gunnar Henriksson (1920–1999) in Lund
Lund
-Main sights:During the 12th and 13th centuries, when the town was the seat of the archbishop, many churches and monasteries were built. At its peak, Lund had 27 churches, but most of them were demolished as result of the Reformation in 1536. Several medieval buildings remain, including Lund...
(Sweden), and developed numerous neurotological tests such as cranio-corpography
Cranio-corpography
Cranio-Corpo-Graphy is a medical investigation and measurement procedure developed in the year 1968 by German neurootologist Claus-Frenz Claussen...
.
In 1970, he qualified as a professor at the FU Berlin to be the first university teacher for neurotology (the study of the functioning and disordered functions of the cranial senses) in Germany. His postdoctoral thesis was about the recording and evaluation of selected quantitative equilibrium function tests ("Über die Aufzeichnung und Auswertung ausgewählter quantitativer Gleichgewichtsfunktionsprüfungen“). In 1969 he started developing corresponding departments at the university clinics of Berlin and Würzburg
Würzburg
Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. Located at the Main River, it is the capital of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. The regional dialect is Franconian....
. Since 1971, he has been head of this department in the ENT Clinic in the University of Würzburg
University of Würzburg
The University of Würzburg is a university in Würzburg, Germany, founded in 1402. The university is a member of the distinguished Coimbra Group.-Name:...
, where he qualified as a professor of neurotology in 1971.
From 1972 to 1974, he conducted research in Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
(Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
), under the tutorship of Juan Manuel Tato (1902–2004). He also published his first textbook, his own concept of modern equilibriometry, the objective and quantitative measuring of the equilibrium
Equilibrium
Equilibrium is the condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced. The word may refer to:-Biology:* Equilibrioception, the sense of a balance present in human beings and other animals...
function. Additionally, he completed several research visits to the NASA
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
laboratories headed by Ashton Graybiel in Pensacola, Florida
Pensacola, Florida
Pensacola is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle and the county seat of Escambia County, Florida, United States of America. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 56,255 and as of 2009, the estimated population was 53,752...
.
Claussen was professor and, since 1978, associate professor for neurotology at the ENT clinic of the University of Würzburg until his Emeritus
Emeritus
Emeritus is a post-positive adjective that is used to designate a retired professor, bishop, or other professional or as a title. The female equivalent emerita is also sometimes used.-History:...
after the end of the summer semester 2004 . He investigated the regulation of the equilibrium, the sensory functions of the hearing organs, as well as smell and taste perception.
Work
Between 1967 and 1982, Claussen established a database including data about 30,000 neurotological patients in Würzburg. Analysis of the data made it possible to draw conclusions about diseases such as vertigoVertigo (medical)
Vertigo is a type of dizziness, where there is a feeling of motion when one is stationary. The symptoms are due to a dysfunction of the vestibular system in the inner ear...
and double vision, and hearing disorders or tinnitus
Tinnitus
Tinnitus |ringing]]") is the perception of sound within the human ear in the absence of corresponding external sound.Tinnitus is not a disease, but a symptom that can result from a wide range of underlying causes: abnormally loud sounds in the ear canal for even the briefest period , ear...
. In 1972, Claussen began scientific cooperation with scientists and institutions around the world.
In 1974, he co-founded the international Neurootological and Equilibriometric Society
Neurootological and Equilibriometric Society
The Neurootological and Equilibriometric Society is a learned society that was founded in 1974 and has its seat in Bad Kissingen .- Foundation :...
(NES) in Bad Kissingen
Bad Kissingen
Bad Kissingen is a spa town in the Bavarian region of Lower Franconia and is the seat of the district Bad Kissingen. Situated to the south of the Rhön Mountains on the Franconian Saale river, it is a world-famous health resort.- Town structure :...
and, in 1981, the "Research Society for Smell, Taste, Hearing and Equilibrium Disorders at Bad Kissingen“ (4-GF e.V), of which he remains president. Also after his Emeritus, he still holds numerous honorary posts as a president or chairman of international medical organizations.
Claussen has organized and conducted a lot of international congresses, which often take place in his home town of Bad Kissingen, about neurotology and disorders of the cranial senses as well as their therapy. So, he has, since 1974, organized the annual "International Congress of Neurootologists", which is attended by participants from 33 countries.
Memberships
Claussen is member, corresponding member and honorary member in numerous scientific societies and associations in Europe, America and Asia, for example in- Bárány-GesellschaftRobert BárányRobert Bárány was a Austro-Hungarian otologist. For his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus of the ear he received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.- Biography :...
, Uppsala, Shweden - Aerospace Medical Society, Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
, USA - Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte (GDNÄ)
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gerontologie und Geriatrie (DGGG)
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
- Committee of representatives des Automobilclub von DeutschlandAutomobilclub von DeutschlandAutomobilclub von Deutschland is Germany's oldest automobile club, founded in 1899.The AvD organizes the German Grand Prix and is a member of FIA....
(AvD)
Honours
- In 1983, he was appointed honorary member of the Hungarian Otolaryngologists Society.
- On 17 April 1991 the Medical Faculty of the University of GranadaUniversity of GranadaThe University of Granada is a public university located in Granada, Spain that enrolls approximately 80,000 students. The university also has campuses in Ceuta and Melilla. Every year, over 2,000 European students enroll in the UGR through the Erasmus Programme, making it the most popular...
(Spain) conferred him the Honorary Medal of the Faculty con admiracion y afecto. - On 22 January 2001, he received the honorary title "Knight of the Hungarian Culture“ with the Rakoczy Medal in a state occasion BudapestBudapestBudapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
(Hungary) on "Day of the Hungarian Culture“ in the Stefanie Palace (formerly baroque palace of the EsterházyEsterházyThe House of Esterházy was a Hungarian noble family in Hungary beginning in the Middle Ages. From the 17th century they were among the great landowner magnates of the Kingdom of Hungary, during the time it was part of the Habsburg Empire and later Austria-Hungary.-History:The Esterházys arose...
family). - On 19 November 2004, he received in ChennaiChennaiChennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...
(formerly Madras, India) life-long honorary membership of the Indian Otology Society. - On 15 March 2005, he received in the Charles University in PragueCharles University in PragueCharles University in Prague is the oldest and largest university in the Czech Republic. Founded in 1348, it was the first university in Central Europe and is also considered the earliest German university...
(Czech Republic) the Golden Honor Medal of the Medical Faculty. - On 1 January 2007, he received the Citizen Medal of the town of Bad KissingenBad KissingenBad Kissingen is a spa town in the Bavarian region of Lower Franconia and is the seat of the district Bad Kissingen. Situated to the south of the Rhön Mountains on the Franconian Saale river, it is a world-famous health resort.- Town structure :...
.
Artist
Since 1972, Claussen has created artworks - steel sculptures and oil paintings. In Eisenbühl (Landkreis Hof) , Upper Franconia, Germany), the Iron bender from Eisenbühl conducts an atelier for steel sculptures, a Fine Art Park (since 1997. Expanded several times, last in 2009) and a museum hall. Since 1981, some of his steel large sculptures have been erected on public places in Switzerland, in Baden-WürttembergBaden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
, Berlin and Franconia
Franconia
Franconia is a region of Germany comprising the northern parts of the modern state of Bavaria, a small part of southern Thuringia, and a region in northeastern Baden-Württemberg called Tauberfranken...
. One of Claussen's steel sculptures was erected in the Inner Court of the Charité
Charité
The Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin is the medical school for both the Humboldt University and the Free University of Berlin. After the merger with their fourth campus in 2003, the Charité is one of the largest university hospitals in Europe....
in Berlin in 1991. His works of art have been exhibited in numerous single exhibitions since 1992.
Claussen regularly gives lectures about "the connections between science and art with practical examples“ (following invitations of the Art school
Art school
Art school is a general term for any educational institution with a primary focus on the visual arts, especially illustration, painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic design. The term applies to institutions with elementary, secondary, post-secondary or undergraduate, or graduate or...
der State University of New York
State University of New York
The State University of New York, abbreviated SUNY , is a system of public institutions of higher education in New York, United States. It is the largest comprehensive system of universities, colleges, and community colleges in the United States, with a total enrollment of 465,000 students, plus...
in 1975 and of the University of Würzburg in 1976). Since his formulation of the concept of Narrative Sensologism as bridging concept between science, art and philosophy in 2002, Claussen has given lectures concerning this topic.
Claussen co-founded VAK ("Verein zur allgemeinen Kunstförderung", Association for General Art Promotion) in Lichtenberg (Upper Franconia) in 1987 and co-founded as a vice-president the European art association "Via Europae Sculpturarum“ in 1997.
In 1992, Claussen became the official artist of the Bayreuth Festival
Bayreuth Festival
The Bayreuth Festival is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of operas by the 19th century German composer Richard Wagner are presented...
in Bayreuth with exhibiting own sculptures in the interior and the exterior of the festival theatre.
Books written by Claussen about art are:
- Feuer, Stahl und Logik. Über Zusammenhänge zwischen Wissenschaft und Kunst. Edition M. u. P. Rudat, Hamburg u. Neu-Isenburg 1979, ISBN 3-922326-13-7
- Stahlskulpturen im Berger Winkel. Stählerne Zeichen des Seins über Wasser und Land in Claussen's Eisenpark zu Eisenbühl. Bad Kissingen 2005, ISBN 3-00-016967-9
- Drehen-Laufen-Leben. Gedichte. Eigenverlag, Bad Kissingen
Claussen says that, "Science is impression, Art is expression, as both of those have their origin in an idea which then finds its 'form' either in the artistic work or in the scientific proof [...] Whatever man strives for in art, science, religion and philosophy, is truth – however, how can we understand it within our limited capacities of perception?“
Inventor
As a retired professor, Claussen works on his project, a computer-aided automatically steering robot car for the elderly which monitors the occupants health and the car's roadworthiness. This invention is named after him, the "Auto-Cyberno-Mobil“, and is designed to maintain the mobility of the increased elderly population, as a consequence of demographic transitionDemographic transition
The demographic transition model is the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. The theory is based on an interpretation of demographic history developed in 1929 by the American...
.
The book written by Claussen about the "Auto-Cyberno-Mobile“ is, "'Das Auto-Cyberno-Mobil. Ein autonomes, medizinisch-technisches Straßenfahrzeug für individuelle Fahrten in der dritten Lebensphase. Neurootologisches Forschungsinstitut der Gesellschaft zur Erforschung von Geruch-, Geschmack-, Gehör- und Gleichgewichtsstörungen (Hrsg.), Bad Kissingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-020941-3
Publications
So far, Claussen has written about 500 publications in four languages about medical-scientific-, artistic and technical subjects, among which are 33 books. Additionally, he is editor of the International Tinnitus JournalInternational Tinnitus Journal
The International Tinnitus Journal is a medical journal that was established in 1995. It covers all aspects of tinnitus. Until 2010, the journal was published by the "Martha Entenmann Tinnitus Research Center" in cooperation with the "Neurootologisches Forschungsinstitut der 4-G-Forschung e.V.",...
(ITJ; ).
External links
- Bibliography at Berlin State LibraryBerlin State LibraryThe Berlin State Library is a library in Berlin, Germany and a property of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation.-Buildings:The State Library runs several premises, three of which are open for users, namely House 1 in Unter den Linden 8, House 2 in Potsdamer Straße 33 and the newspaper archive...
- Biography on vertigo-dizziness.com
- Claussen on the interconnection between Science and the Fine Arts
- Claussens „Auto-Cyberno-Mobil“ (Official homepage)
- „Archives for Sensology and Neurootology - ASN“ (Official homepage)
- „Brücke zwischen Wissenschaft und Kunst“ – The Fine Art Park in Eisenbühl (in German)