Cleopatra IV of Egypt
Encyclopedia
Cleopatra IV was Queen of Egypt
briefly from 116
-115 BC
, jointly with her husband Ptolemy IX Lathyros. She later became queen consort
of Syria
as the wife of Antiochus IX Cyzicenus.
and Cleopatra III of Egypt
. She was born between 138 and 135 BC. She was the sister of Ptolemy IX
,
Ptolemy X
, Cleopatra Selene I and Tryphaena
.
Cleopatra IV married her brother Ptolemy IX Lathyros
when he was still a prince in ca 119/118 BC. Cleopatra IV may be the mother of Ptolemy XII Auletes
and Ptolemy of Cyprus
, although an unnamed concubine could be the mother of these two men as well.
In ca 115 BC Cleopatra III
forced Cleopatra IV and Ptolemy IX to divorce. She replaced Cleopatra IV with her sister Cleopatra Selene
.
Cleopatra IV fled Egypt and went to Cyprus
, where she married Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
and brought him the army of Antiochus VIII Grypus
which she had convinced to follow her. Antiochus IX Cyzicenus (Greek : Αντίοχος ΙΧ Κυζικηνός) was the half brother of the king of Syria, Antiochus VIII Grypus (Greek : Γρύπος). Antiochus VIII Gryphus fought Antiochus IX Cyzicenus and eventually chased him to Antioch. Antiochus VIII Gryphus was married to Cleopatra IV's sister Tryphaena. Tryphaena decided that Cleopatra IV should die and over the protests of her husband summoned some soldiers and had Cleopatra IV murdered in the sanctuary of Daphne in Antioch In his comprehensive website about Ptolemaic genealogy (http://www.tyndalehouse.com/Egypt/ptolemies/cleopatra_iv_fr.htm), Christopher Bennett also notes the possibility that Cleopatra IV from her brief marriage to Antiochus IX Cyzicenus may have been the mother of the later Seleucid monarch Antiochus X Eusebes ("the Pious"), who would go on to marry Cleopatra IV's younger sister, Cleopatra Selene (thus making him the spouse of a woman who was both his stepmother (Selene married both of her sisters' widowers, Grypus and Cyzicenus, before marrying Eusebes) and his maternal aunt.)
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
briefly from 116
116 BC
Year 116 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Geta and Eburnus...
-115 BC
115 BC
Year 115 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Scaurus and Metellus...
, jointly with her husband Ptolemy IX Lathyros. She later became queen consort
Queen consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...
of Syria
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
as the wife of Antiochus IX Cyzicenus.
Biography
Cleopatra IV was the daughter of Ptolemy VIII PhysconPtolemy VIII Physcon
Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II , nicknamed , Phúskōn, Physcon for his obesity, was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. His complicated career started in 170 BC, when Antiochus IV Epiphanes invaded Egypt, captured his brother Ptolemy VI Philometor and let him continue as a puppet monarch...
and Cleopatra III of Egypt
Cleopatra III of Egypt
Cleopatra III was a queen of Egypt 142–101 BC.Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X. She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX...
. She was born between 138 and 135 BC. She was the sister of Ptolemy IX
Ptolemy IX Lathyros
Ptolemy IX Soter II or Lathyros was king of Egypt three times, from 116 BC to 110 BC, 109 BC to 107 BC and 88 BC to 81 BC, with intervening periods ruled by his brother, Ptolemy X Alexander....
,
Ptolemy X
Ptolemy X Alexander I
Ptolemy X Alexander I was King of Egypt from 110 BC to 109 BC and 107 BC till 88 BC.He was the son of Ptolemy VIII Physcon and Cleopatra III. In 110 BC he became King with his mother as co-regent, after his mother had deposed his brother Ptolemy IX Lathyros. However, in 109 BC he was deposed by...
, Cleopatra Selene I and Tryphaena
Tryphaena
Tryphaena was a Ptolemaic princess. She married the Seleucid king Antiochus VIII Grypus and was queen of Syria .- Life :It is often assumed that Tryphaena also bore the name Cleopatra, but this has not been attested. She was the oldest daughter of the Egyptian king Ptolemy VIII Physcon and his...
.
Cleopatra IV married her brother Ptolemy IX Lathyros
Ptolemy IX Lathyros
Ptolemy IX Soter II or Lathyros was king of Egypt three times, from 116 BC to 110 BC, 109 BC to 107 BC and 88 BC to 81 BC, with intervening periods ruled by his brother, Ptolemy X Alexander....
when he was still a prince in ca 119/118 BC. Cleopatra IV may be the mother of Ptolemy XII Auletes
Ptolemy XII Auletes
Ptolemy Neos Dionysos Theos Philopator Theos Philadelphos , more commonly known as "Auletes" or "Nothos" , was an Egyptian king of Macedonian descent...
and Ptolemy of Cyprus
Ptolemy of Cyprus
Ptolemy of Cyprus was the king of Cyprus c. 80-58 BC. He was the younger brother of Ptolemy XII Auletes, king of Egypt, and, like him, an illegitimate son of Ptolemy IX Lathyros. He appears to have been acknowledged king of Cyprus at the same time that his brother Auletes obtained the possession of...
, although an unnamed concubine could be the mother of these two men as well.
In ca 115 BC Cleopatra III
Cleopatra III of Egypt
Cleopatra III was a queen of Egypt 142–101 BC.Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X. She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX...
forced Cleopatra IV and Ptolemy IX to divorce. She replaced Cleopatra IV with her sister Cleopatra Selene
Cleopatra Selene
Cleopatra Selene may refer to:*Cleopatra Selene I, daughter of Ptolemy VIII Physcon and Cleopatra III of Egypt*Cleopatra Selene II, also known as Cleopatra VIII, daughter of Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony...
.
Cleopatra IV fled Egypt and went to Cyprus
Cyprus
Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...
, where she married Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
Antiochus IX Eusebes, ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom, was the son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea. Upon the death of his father in Parthia and his uncle Demetrius II Nicator's return to power , his mother sent him to Cyzicus on the Bosporus, thus giving him his nickname...
and brought him the army of Antiochus VIII Grypus
Antiochus VIII Grypus
Antiochus VIII Epiphanes/Callinicus/Philometor, nicknamed Grypus , was crowned as ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom in 125 BC. He was the son of Demetrius II Nicator and Cleopatra Thea.-Biography:...
which she had convinced to follow her. Antiochus IX Cyzicenus (Greek : Αντίοχος ΙΧ Κυζικηνός) was the half brother of the king of Syria, Antiochus VIII Grypus (Greek : Γρύπος). Antiochus VIII Gryphus fought Antiochus IX Cyzicenus and eventually chased him to Antioch. Antiochus VIII Gryphus was married to Cleopatra IV's sister Tryphaena. Tryphaena decided that Cleopatra IV should die and over the protests of her husband summoned some soldiers and had Cleopatra IV murdered in the sanctuary of Daphne in Antioch In his comprehensive website about Ptolemaic genealogy (http://www.tyndalehouse.com/Egypt/ptolemies/cleopatra_iv_fr.htm), Christopher Bennett also notes the possibility that Cleopatra IV from her brief marriage to Antiochus IX Cyzicenus may have been the mother of the later Seleucid monarch Antiochus X Eusebes ("the Pious"), who would go on to marry Cleopatra IV's younger sister, Cleopatra Selene (thus making him the spouse of a woman who was both his stepmother (Selene married both of her sisters' widowers, Grypus and Cyzicenus, before marrying Eusebes) and his maternal aunt.)
External links
- www.livius.org, Cleopatra IV
| Preceded by: Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III Cleopatra III of Egypt Cleopatra III was a queen of Egypt 142–101 BC.Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X. She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX... |
Ptolemaic Queen of Egypt Ptolemaic dynasty The Ptolemaic dynasty, was a Macedonian Greek royal family which ruled the Ptolemaic Empire in Egypt during the Hellenistic period. Their rule lasted for 275 years, from 305 BC to 30 BC... with Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III Cleopatra III of Egypt Cleopatra III was a queen of Egypt 142–101 BC.Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X. She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX... |
Succeeded by: Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III Cleopatra III of Egypt Cleopatra III was a queen of Egypt 142–101 BC.Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X. She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX... |