Codlea
Encyclopedia
Codlea (ˈkodle̯a; ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect: Zäöeden; ) is a city in Braşov County
, central Romania
.
. The fortified church in the city is the largest in the Burzenland
historic region.
Codlea was well known for its flowers and was called the city of flowers.
"Codlea" could be a derivation from the Latin *codella, diminutive from Latin coda ‘edge, rearward’ or it could be a derivation from the Slavic
cotal ("kettle
"), as the Măgura Codlei ("kettle hill") looks like a kettle. In Romanian, Măgura means 'big hill, mound, forest located on a high place'. The hill also provides the Hungarian name of the city Feketehegy ("Black Hill"). The German name's origin is unknown, but there is a theory that it was derived from Zeidler ("beekeeper").
As of 2002, 92.7% of inhabitants were Romanians
, 3.8% Hungarians, 1.7% Roma and 1.5% Germans
. 86.8% were Romanian Orthodox, 3.7% Roman Catholic, 3.1% Pentecostal
, 2.2% Christian Evangelical
, 1% Evangelical Augustan Confession and 0.8% Reformed.
Brasov County
Brașov ; ) is a county of Romania, in Transylvania, with the capital city at Brașov. The county incorporates within its boundaries most of the Medieval "lands" Burzenland and Făgăraș Land.-Demographics:...
, central Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
.
History
During the 13th century, the Teutonic Order built a fortress known as Schwarzburg ("black castle") near the "Măgura Codlei". The castle's name was first noted in 1265. The city of Codlea is believed to have been also founded by GermansTransylvanian Saxons
The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania from the 12th century onwards.The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King Géza II of Hungary . For decades, the main task of the German settlers was to defend the southeastern border of the...
. The fortified church in the city is the largest in the Burzenland
Burzenland
The Burzenland is a historic and ethnographic area in southeastern Transylvania, Romania with a mixed population...
historic region.
Codlea was well known for its flowers and was called the city of flowers.
Name
The Romanian nameRomanian language
Romanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova...
"Codlea" could be a derivation from the Latin *codella, diminutive from Latin coda ‘edge, rearward’ or it could be a derivation from the Slavic
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
cotal ("kettle
Kettle
A kettle, sometimes called a tea kettle or teakettle, is a small kitchen appliance used for boiling water. Kettles can be heated either by placing on a stove, or by their own electric heating element.- Stovetop kettles :...
"), as the Măgura Codlei ("kettle hill") looks like a kettle. In Romanian, Măgura means 'big hill, mound, forest located on a high place'. The hill also provides the Hungarian name of the city Feketehegy ("Black Hill"). The German name's origin is unknown, but there is a theory that it was derived from Zeidler ("beekeeper").
Population
- 1510: 670
- 1814: 3,264
- 1849: 3,764
- 1890: 4,035
- 2,680 Germans (67%)
- 1,211 Romanians (30%)
- 44 Hungarians(1%)
- 100 Jews and others (2%)
- 1930: 5,219
- 3,111 Germans (60%)
- 1,916 Romanians (36%)
- 192 Hungarians (4%)
- 1941: 6,214
- 1966: 13,075
- 1977: 22,744
- 1982: 23,500
- 1992: 24,620
- 2002: 24,286
As of 2002, 92.7% of inhabitants were Romanians
Romanians
The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
, 3.8% Hungarians, 1.7% Roma and 1.5% Germans
Germans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
. 86.8% were Romanian Orthodox, 3.7% Roman Catholic, 3.1% Pentecostal
Pentecostal Union of Romania
The Pentecostal Union of Romania is Romania's fourth-largest religious body and one of its eighteen officially recognised religious denominations. At the 2002 census, 330,486 Romanians declared themselves to be Pentecostals; ethnically, they were 85.2% Romanians, 10.6% Roma, 1.9% Ukrainians, 1.8%...
, 2.2% Christian Evangelical
Christian Evangelical Church of Romania
The Christian Evangelical Church of Romania is a Plymouth Brethren Protestant denomination, one of Romania's eighteen officially recognised religious denominations.-History:...
, 1% Evangelical Augustan Confession and 0.8% Reformed.
Natives
- Albert Ziegler (1888–1946), pilot
- Aurel Bordenache (1902–1987), painterPaintingPainting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
, sculptorSculptureSculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials—typically stone such as marble—or metal, glass, or wood. Softer materials can also be used, such as clay, textiles, plastics, polymers and softer metals...
, graphic - Eduard Morres (1884–1980), painter
- Fritz KleinFritz Klein (Nazi)Fritz Klein was a German Nazi physician hanged for his role in atrocities at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp during the Holocaust....
(1888–1945), SSSchutzstaffelThe Schutzstaffel |Sig runes]]) was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. Built upon the Nazi ideology, the SS under Heinrich Himmler's command was responsible for many of the crimes against humanity during World War II...
officerOfficer (armed forces)An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position...