Colares (Sintra)
Encyclopedia
Colares is a civil parish
along the coast of the municipality of Sintra
. In 2001, it had a resident population of 7472 inhabitants dispersed in an area of 33.37 km².
It was conquered and held by Sigurd I of Norway
for a few months in 1108 in the Norwegian Crusade.
After a period of Moorish occupation, forces loyal to Afonso Henriques conquered the region, as a sequence of their victory in Sintra, around 1147
The region remained in the hands of the Crown until 1385, when it was donated by John I
to the constable Nuno Álvares Pereira
to compensate the mercenary for his support against Castile.
These lands returned to the crown following the death of Infanta Beatriz, mother of Manuel I
.
The historical village of Colares, which was important in the nation's pre-history, obtained a foral
early after its creation. The parish of Nossa Senhora da Assunção was a bishopric rectory in the old comarca
of Torres Vedras, and Colares was the seat of its own municipality, attributed to King Afonso III
, in May 1255. A new foral was issued on 10 November 1516 by Manuel I.
In 1801, the municipality of Colares included 1930 inhabitants, and by 1849, it already had 3341 inhabitants.
During administrative reforms, on 24 October 1855, the municipality of Colares was extinguished and the territory integrated into the municipality of Sintra, as a civil parish.
.
Freguesia
Freguesia is the Portuguese term for a secondary local administrative unit in Portugal and some of its former colonies, and a former secondary local administrative unit in Macau, roughly equivalent to an administrative parish. A freguesia is a subdivision of a concelho, the Portuguese synonym term...
along the coast of the municipality of Sintra
Sintra Municipality
Sintra , located in the central Lisbon Region, is a municipality consisting of several civil parishes and two urbanized cities and known for many of its 19th century Romantic architecture, which resulted in its classification as a UNESCO World Heritage Site...
. In 2001, it had a resident population of 7472 inhabitants dispersed in an area of 33.37 km².
History
Even before there was a "Portugal", the region of Colares was a place of human movement and settlement. By the Roman occupation of the Iberian peninsula, the architecture of Colares was carved by Latin inscriptions, such as one found near the mouth of the Maças River: SOLI ET LUNAE CESTIVIUS ACIDIVIS PERENNIS LEG. AVG. PR. PR. PROVINCIAE LUSITANAE.It was conquered and held by Sigurd I of Norway
Sigurd I of Norway
Sigurd I Magnusson , also known as Sigurd the Crusader , was King of Norway from 1103 to 1130. His rule, together with his brother Eystein I of Norway , has been regarded by historians as a golden age for the medieval Kingdom of Norway...
for a few months in 1108 in the Norwegian Crusade.
After a period of Moorish occupation, forces loyal to Afonso Henriques conquered the region, as a sequence of their victory in Sintra, around 1147
The region remained in the hands of the Crown until 1385, when it was donated by John I
John I of Portugal
John I KG , called the Good or of Happy Memory, more rarely and outside Portugal the Bastard, was the tenth King of Portugal and the Algarve and the first to use the title Lord of Ceuta...
to the constable Nuno Álvares Pereira
Nuno Álvares Pereira
Dom Nuno Álvares Pereira, O. Carm. , also spelled Nun'Álvares Pereira, was a Portuguese general of great success who had a decisive role in the 1383-1385 Crisis that assured Portugal's independence from Castile...
to compensate the mercenary for his support against Castile.
These lands returned to the crown following the death of Infanta Beatriz, mother of Manuel I
Manuel I of Portugal
Manuel I , the Fortunate , 14th king of Portugal and the Algarves was the son of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu, , by his wife, Infanta Beatrice of Portugal...
.
The historical village of Colares, which was important in the nation's pre-history, obtained a foral
Foral
thumb|left|200px|Foral of Castro Verde - PortugalThe word foral derives from the Portuguese word foro, ultimately from Latin forum, equivalent to Spanish fuero, Galician foro, Catalan furs and Basque foru ....
early after its creation. The parish of Nossa Senhora da Assunção was a bishopric rectory in the old comarca
Comarca
A comarca is a traditional region or local administrative division found in parts of Spain, Portugal, Panama, Nicaragua, and Brazil. The term is derived from the term marca, meaning a "march, mark", plus the prefix co- meaning "together, jointly".The comarca is known in Aragonese as redolada and...
of Torres Vedras, and Colares was the seat of its own municipality, attributed to King Afonso III
Afonso III of Portugal
Afonso III , or Affonso , Alfonso or Alphonso or Alphonsus , the Bolognian , the fifth King of Portugal and the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, from 1249...
, in May 1255. A new foral was issued on 10 November 1516 by Manuel I.
In 1801, the municipality of Colares included 1930 inhabitants, and by 1849, it already had 3341 inhabitants.
During administrative reforms, on 24 October 1855, the municipality of Colares was extinguished and the territory integrated into the municipality of Sintra, as a civil parish.
Geography
The civil parish is located on the western coast of Portugal, and marked by Europe's extreme western extent: Cabo da RocaCabo da Roca
Cabo da Roca is a cape which forms the westernmost extent of mainland Portugal and continental Europe...
.
Prehistoric
- Dolmen of Adrenunes
- Prehistoric Monument of Praia das Maçãs
Archaeological
- Archaeological Site of Alto da VigiaArchaeological Site of Alto da VigiaThe oldest accounts of a Roman sanctuary to the Sun, Moon and Imperial cult, by the mouth of the river of Colares dates back to the 16th century. It was a circular temenos, an open air religious space....
- Roman villa of Santo André de AlmoçagemeRoman villa of Santo André de AlmoçagemeIn Santo André de Almoçageme, Sintra, is located the westernmost villa of the Roman Empire with occupation from the second to the sixth centuries AD....
- Tholos tomb of Bela Vista
- Tholos tomb of Monge
Civic
- Building of Correios, Telégrafos e Telefones (CTT) de Calores
- Cinema/Theatre Gomes da Silva
- Cellar of the Viscount Salreu
- Estate of Quinta do Casas Novas
- Estate of Quinta da Fonte
- Estate of Quinta da Fonte Velha
- Estate of Quinta de Vale Marinha
- Estate of Quinta do Pé da Serra
- Estate of Quinta do Rio Milho
- Estate of Quinta dos Freixes
- Estate of Quinta Mazziotti/Quinta do França
- Estate of Quinta Milides
- Estate of Nossa Senhora de Melides
- Fountain of Espoujeiro
- Lighthouse of Cabo da RocaCabo da Roca LighthouseThe Cabo da Roca Lighthouse is a beacon/lighthouse located 165 metres above the Atlantic Ocean, on Portugal's most westerly extent . It is located in the civil parish of Colares, in the municipality of Sintra, situated on a promontory that juts out into the ocean, made up of granite boulders and...
- Pillory of Colares
- Primary School of Azenhas do Mar
- Residence of Quinta da Bela Vista
- Residence of Quinta do Cosme
- Residence of Quinta do Vinagre
- Residence (Pombaline) on Largo do Pelourinho
- Residence (17th century) on Largo do Pelourinho
- Residence on Avenida do Atlântico, 180
- Residence on Rua da Abreja
- Residence on Rua da República
- Residence Saloia
- Summer cottage of Praia das Maçãs
- Villa Guida
- (Old) Casino of Praia das Maçãs
Military
- Castle of Calores
Religious
- Chapel of the Misericórdia of Calores
- Chapel of Nossa Senhora das Mercês
- Chapel of Nossa Senhora da Praia
- Chapel of São Lourenço
- Church of Almoçageme
- Church of Nossa Senhora da Assunção
- Convent of Santa Ana
- Convent of Santa Cruz
- Convent of São Saturino
- Hermitage of Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Ulgueira
- Sanctuary of Nossa Senhora da Peninha