Collision zone
Encyclopedia
A collision zone occurs when tectonic plates meeting at a convergent boundary
both bear continental lithosphere. As continental lithosphere is usually not subducted
due to its relative low density, the result is a complex area of orogeny
involving folding
and thrust fault
ing as the blocks of continental crust pile up above the subduction zone.
Convergent boundary
In plate tectonics, a convergent boundary, also known as a destructive plate boundary , is an actively deforming region where two tectonic plates or fragments of lithosphere move toward one another and collide...
both bear continental lithosphere. As continental lithosphere is usually not subducted
Subduction
In geology, subduction is the process that takes place at convergent boundaries by which one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate, sinking into the Earth's mantle, as the plates converge. These 3D regions of mantle downwellings are known as "Subduction Zones"...
due to its relative low density, the result is a complex area of orogeny
Orogeny
Orogeny refers to forces and events leading to a severe structural deformation of the Earth's crust due to the engagement of tectonic plates. Response to such engagement results in the formation of long tracts of highly deformed rock called orogens or orogenic belts...
involving folding
Fold (geology)
The term fold is used in geology when one or a stack of originally flat and planar surfaces, such as sedimentary strata, are bent or curved as a result of permanent deformation. Synsedimentary folds are those due to slumping of sedimentary material before it is lithified. Folds in rocks vary in...
and thrust fault
Thrust fault
A thrust fault is a type of fault, or break in the Earth's crust across which there has been relative movement, in which rocks of lower stratigraphic position are pushed up and over higher strata. They are often recognized because they place older rocks above younger...
ing as the blocks of continental crust pile up above the subduction zone.
Examples
Notable examples include:- Philippine Mobile BeltPhilippine Mobile BeltThe Philippine Mobile Belt is a complex portion of the tectonic boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate, comprising most of the country of the Philippines. It includes two subduction zones, the Manila Trench to the west and the Philippine Trench to the east, as well as the...
- Molucca Sea Collision ZoneMolucca Sea Collision ZoneThe Molucca Sea Collision Zone is postulated by paleogeologists to explain the tectonics of the area based on the Molucca Sea in Indonesia, and adjacent involved areas.-Tectonics:...
- Izu Collision Zone
- Ishikari Collision Zone
- Mount Fuji Collision Zone
- Carlin UnconformityCarlin UnconformityThe Carlin Unconformity or Carlin Trend is a geologic feature in northeastern Nevada which represents a period of erosion or non-deposition likely associated with a collision between a tectonic crustal block called a terrane and the North American Plate. The collision occurred during the...
- Daisetsuzan Collision Zone
- Luzon-Taiwan Collision Zone
- Indus-Yarlung suture zoneIndus-Yarlung suture zoneThe Indus-Yarlung suture zone or the Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture is a tectonic suture in southern Tibet and across the north margin of the Himalayas which resulted from the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate starting about 52 Ma. The north side of the suture zone is the...
- Eastern Anatolian collision zone
- Banda Arc–Australian collision zone