Constantine I of Georgia
Encyclopedia
Constantine I (died 1411 or 1412) was King of Georgia
from 1407 to 1411 (or 1405-1412).
He was the elder son of King Bagrat V of Georgia
by his second wife, Anna of Trebizond
. His maternal grandparents were Alexios III of Trebizond
and Theodora Kantakouzene
.
In 1400, he was sent as an ambassador to the Mongol warlord Timur Leng who continued a relentless war against the Georgians. Afterwards, he vainly demanded from his reigning half-brother George VII
to make peace with Timur. In 1402, Constantine together with the prince Ioane Jakeli of Samtskhe submitted to Timur but never took part in the war against Georgia. He succeeded on the death of George VII as king in 1407 and launched a program of restoration of what had been ruined during Timur’s campaigns. Towards 1411, he allied with the Shirvanshah
Ibrahim I
and the ruler of Shaki Sidi Ahmed to counter the Kara Koyunlu
Turkmen
advance into the Caucasus
. In the decisive Battle of Chalagan
, the allies were routed and Constantine, his half-brother David and the Shervanshah Ibrahim were taken prisoner. In the captivity, he behaved arrogantly and the infuriated Turkmen prince Kara Yusuf ordered him, David and 300 Georgian nobles to be executed.
He had three sons, Alexander
(who succeeded him), Bagrat and George.
Georgia (country)
Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
from 1407 to 1411 (or 1405-1412).
He was the elder son of King Bagrat V of Georgia
Bagrat V of Georgia
Bagrat V, “the Great” was the son of the Georgian king Davit IX with whom he was co-ruler from 1355, and became king after the death of his father in 1360....
by his second wife, Anna of Trebizond
Anna of Trebizond, Queen of Georgia
Anna Megale Komnene , , was a Trapezuntine Queen consort of Georgia as the second wife of King Bagrat V...
. His maternal grandparents were Alexios III of Trebizond
Alexios III of Trebizond
Alexios III Megas Komnenos or Alexius III , Emperor of Trebizond from December 1349 until his death. He was the son of Emperor Basil of Trebizond and his second wife, Irene of Trebizond...
and Theodora Kantakouzene
Theodora Kantakouzene
Theodora Kantakouzene was the Empress consort of Alexios III of Trebizond.- Family :Theodora is considered a daughter of Nikephoros Kantakouzenos, sebastokratōr...
.
In 1400, he was sent as an ambassador to the Mongol warlord Timur Leng who continued a relentless war against the Georgians. Afterwards, he vainly demanded from his reigning half-brother George VII
George VII of Georgia
George VII was king of Georgia from 1393 to 1407 .George was the son of the king Bagrat V and his first wife Helena of Trebizond...
to make peace with Timur. In 1402, Constantine together with the prince Ioane Jakeli of Samtskhe submitted to Timur but never took part in the war against Georgia. He succeeded on the death of George VII as king in 1407 and launched a program of restoration of what had been ruined during Timur’s campaigns. Towards 1411, he allied with the Shirvanshah
Shirvanshah
Shirvanshah also spelled as Shīrwān Shāh or Sharwān Shāh, was the title in mediaeval Islamic times of an Arab in Ethnos but speedily Persianized dynasty within their culturally Persian environment. The Shirvanshah established a native state in Shirvan...
Ibrahim I
Ibrahim I of Shirvan
Ibrahim I of Shirvan Shirvanshah was a ruler of Shirvan from the Derbendid dynasty.After the death of Shirvanshah Hushang in 1382, Ibrahim I was selected to be the ruler by the local nobility. At the time, he was an impoverished noble living in Shaki...
and the ruler of Shaki Sidi Ahmed to counter the Kara Koyunlu
Kara Koyunlu
The Kara Koyunlu or Qara Qoyunlu, also called the Black Sheep Turkomans , were a Shi'ite Oghuz Turkic tribal federation that ruled over the territory comprising the present-day Armenia, Azerbaijan, north-western Iran, eastern Turkey and Iraq from about 1375 to 1468.The Kara Koyunlu Turkomans at one...
Turkmen
Turkmen people
The Turkmen are a Turkic people located primarily in the Central Asian states of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and northeastern Iran. They speak the Turkmen language, which is classified as a part of the Western Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages family together with Turkish, Azerbaijani, Qashqai,...
advance into the Caucasus
Caucasus
The Caucasus, also Caucas or Caucasia , is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia, and situated between the Black and the Caspian sea...
. In the decisive Battle of Chalagan
Battle of Chalagan
The Battle of Chalagan was fought between the Kara Koyunlu Turkmen and the alliance of Georgia and Shirvan at the place of Chalagan , in December 1412, and resulted in the allies’ defeat....
, the allies were routed and Constantine, his half-brother David and the Shervanshah Ibrahim were taken prisoner. In the captivity, he behaved arrogantly and the infuriated Turkmen prince Kara Yusuf ordered him, David and 300 Georgian nobles to be executed.
He had three sons, Alexander
Alexander I of Georgia
Alexander I, “the Great” , of the Bagrationi house, was king of Georgia from 1412 to 1442. Despite his efforts to restore the country from the ruins left by the Turco-Mongol warlord Timur Leng’s invasions, Georgia never recovered and faced the inevitable fragmentation that was followed by a long...
(who succeeded him), Bagrat and George.