Constructive speech
Encyclopedia
In policy debate
, a constructive speech is one of the first four speeches of a debate round. Constructive speeches are followed by a 3-minute cross-examination
period.
In high school, constructive speeches are 8 minutes long; in college, they are 9 minutes.
In general, new arguments are only allowed during constructive speeches, and many judges will disregard new arguments made in rebuttal speeches, especially if they are flagged by the opposing team.
Currently, the "first affirmative constructive" (1AC) is used to present the "plan", although historically it was often presented in the "second affirmative constructive" (2AC). Accordingly, many believe that negative "off-case arguments" must be presented in the "first negative constructive" (1NC). Many believe that negative "on-case arguments" must also be presented in the 1NC, but this is followed less uniformly.
Because of the phenomenon of "splitting the negative block", some have come to view the "first negative rebuttal" (1NR) (and to a lesser degree, the "first affirmative rebuttal" (1AR) as constructive speeches as well.
Policy debate
Policy debate is a form of speech competition in which teams of two advocate for and against a resolution that typically calls for policy change by the United States federal government or security discourse...
, a constructive speech is one of the first four speeches of a debate round. Constructive speeches are followed by a 3-minute cross-examination
Cross-examination
In law, cross-examination is the interrogation of a witness called by one's opponent. It is preceded by direct examination and may be followed by a redirect .- Variations by Jurisdiction :In...
period.
In high school, constructive speeches are 8 minutes long; in college, they are 9 minutes.
In general, new arguments are only allowed during constructive speeches, and many judges will disregard new arguments made in rebuttal speeches, especially if they are flagged by the opposing team.
Currently, the "first affirmative constructive" (1AC) is used to present the "plan", although historically it was often presented in the "second affirmative constructive" (2AC). Accordingly, many believe that negative "off-case arguments" must be presented in the "first negative constructive" (1NC). Many believe that negative "on-case arguments" must also be presented in the 1NC, but this is followed less uniformly.
Because of the phenomenon of "splitting the negative block", some have come to view the "first negative rebuttal" (1NR) (and to a lesser degree, the "first affirmative rebuttal" (1AR) as constructive speeches as well.