Cornell Electron Storage Ring
Encyclopedia
The Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) is an electron
-positron
collider
at Cornell University
in Ithaca
, New York
, United States
. The CLEO
and CUSB
particle detectors collected data at CESR, and the CHESS facility used the synchrotron radiation to perform a variety of studies.
CESR was built in the already existing tunnel for the 10 GeV synchrotron
. It delivered its first collisions in April 1979. The 10 GeV energy turned out to be ideal for the study of B meson
s, and CESR would operate near this energy for over twenty years. CESR installed sets of wiggler magnets in the early 2000s to allow operation at lower energies for the CLEO-c project. After the end of particle physics experiments
, CESR is now a test facility of damping rings for a future international linear collider
.
CESR pioneered several new accelerator techniques, including superconducting
radio-frequency cavities and pretzel orbits.
Electron
The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. It has no known components or substructure; in other words, it is generally thought to be an elementary particle. An electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton...
-positron
Positron
The positron or antielectron is the antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron. The positron has an electric charge of +1e, a spin of ½, and has the same mass as an electron...
collider
Collider
A collider is a type of a particle accelerator involving directed beams of particles.Colliders may either be ring accelerators or linear accelerators.-Explanation:...
at Cornell University
Cornell University
Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...
in Ithaca
Ithaca, New York
The city of Ithaca, is a city in upstate New York and the county seat of Tompkins County, as well as the largest community in the Ithaca-Tompkins County metropolitan area...
, New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. The CLEO
CLEO (particle detector)
CLEO was a general purpose particle detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring , and the name of the collaboration of physicists who operated the detector. The name CLEO is not an acronym; it is short for Cleopatra and was chosen to go with CESR . CESR was a particle accelerator designed to...
and CUSB
CUSB
CUSB was a particle detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. CUSB, along with CLEO, confirmed the existence of the Υ and discovered the Υ....
particle detectors collected data at CESR, and the CHESS facility used the synchrotron radiation to perform a variety of studies.
CESR was built in the already existing tunnel for the 10 GeV synchrotron
Synchrotron
A synchrotron is a particular type of cyclic particle accelerator in which the magnetic field and the electric field are carefully synchronised with the travelling particle beam. The proton synchrotron was originally conceived by Sir Marcus Oliphant...
. It delivered its first collisions in April 1979. The 10 GeV energy turned out to be ideal for the study of B meson
B meson
B mesons are mesons composed of a bottom quark or bottom antiquark and either an up , down , strange or charm quark . The combination of a bottom antiquark and a top quark is not thought to be possible because of the top quark's short lifetime...
s, and CESR would operate near this energy for over twenty years. CESR installed sets of wiggler magnets in the early 2000s to allow operation at lower energies for the CLEO-c project. After the end of particle physics experiments
Particle physics experiments
Particle physics experiments briefly discusses a number of past, present, and proposed experiments with particle accelerators, throughout the world. In addition, some important accelerator interactions are discussed...
, CESR is now a test facility of damping rings for a future international linear collider
International Linear Collider
The International Linear Collider is a proposed linear particle accelerator. It is planned to have a collision energy of 500 GeV initially, and, if approved after the project has published its Technical Design Report, planned for 2012, could be completed in the late 2010s. A later upgrade to 1000...
.
CESR pioneered several new accelerator techniques, including superconducting
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance occurring in certain materials below a characteristic temperature. It was discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum...
radio-frequency cavities and pretzel orbits.