Counter Urbanisation
Encyclopedia
Counter urbanisation is a demographic and social
process whereby people move from urban area
s to rural
areas. It first took place as a reaction to inner-city deprivation and overcrowding. Initial study of counter urbanisation was carried out by human geographer
Brian Berry
. More recent research has documented the social and political drivers of counter urbanisation, and the impacts of the same, in developing countries, which are currently undergoing processes of mass-urbanisation, such as China. It is one of the causes that can lead to shrinking cities
.
Social
The term social refers to a characteristic of living organisms...
process whereby people move from urban area
Urban area
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.Urban areas are created and further...
s to rural
Rural
Rural areas or the country or countryside are areas that are not urbanized, though when large areas are described, country towns and smaller cities will be included. They have a low population density, and typically much of the land is devoted to agriculture...
areas. It first took place as a reaction to inner-city deprivation and overcrowding. Initial study of counter urbanisation was carried out by human geographer
Human geography
Human geography is one of the two major sub-fields of the discipline of geography. Human geography is the study of the world, its people, communities, and cultures. Human geography differs from physical geography mainly in that it has a greater focus on studying human activities and is more...
Brian Berry
Brian Berry
Brian Joe Lobley Berry is a British-American human geographer. He is Lloyd Viel Berkner Regental Professor at the University of Texas at Dallas...
. More recent research has documented the social and political drivers of counter urbanisation, and the impacts of the same, in developing countries, which are currently undergoing processes of mass-urbanisation, such as China. It is one of the causes that can lead to shrinking cities
Shrinking cities
Shrinking cities are cities that are experiencing acute population loss. Deindustrialisation and out-migration are some of the common reasons that cities shrink. In the United States, this problem is most commonly associated with the Rust Belt, while parts of Eastern Europe also experience similar...
.
See also
- Exurb
- PenurbiaPenurbiaPenurbia describes country districts close to metropolitan areas in the United States.Penurban districts look like rural areas. They are, however, heavily influenced through emigration by metropolitan settlers....
- SuburbanizationSuburbanizationSuburbanization a term used to describe the growth of areas on the fringes of major cities. It is one of the many causes of the increase in urban sprawl. Many residents of metropolitan regions work within the central urban area, choosing instead to live in satellite communities called suburbs...
- UrbanizationUrbanizationUrbanization, urbanisation or urban drift is the physical growth of urban areas as a result of global change. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008....
- UrbicideUrbicideUrbicide is a term which literally translates as "violence against the city." The term was first coined by the author Michael Moorcock in 1963 and later used by critics of 1960s urban restructuring in the US...
- White flightWhite flightWhite flight has been a term that originated in the United States, starting in the mid-20th century, and applied to the large-scale migration of whites of various European ancestries from racially mixed urban regions to more racially homogeneous suburban or exurban regions. It was first seen as...