Cummian
Encyclopedia
Cumméne Fota or Cummian (fl. c. 591- 12 November 661 or 662) was an Irish bishop.
) of Cluain Ferta Brénainn (Clonfert
), was an important theological writer in the early to mid 7th century. He is famous for a Paschal
letter which displays his high level of learning. It consists of five manuscript folios, contains quotes from the Vulgate
and Vetus Latina
Bible
; patristic commentary by Augustine
, Jerome
, Cyprian
, Origen
, Ambrosiaster
and Gregory the Great; extracts from Canon law
, ecclesiastical history and synodal decrees from Nicea and Arles in their original, uncontaminated forms, in addition to a decretum that enjoined on the Irish that, if all else failed, they should take their problems to Rome.
Cummian also owned - among a library of at least forty manuscripts - ten Paschal tracts including one he attributed to "santus Patricius, papa noster" and possibly a letter of Pelagius
. He may have written a computistical manual, and a commentary on Mark
. As Cummianus Longus he may be the author of a penitential, and a hymn on the apostles.
iN 1162 his relics, along with those of Bishop Maeinenn of Clonfert were removed from the earth by the clergy of Brenainn, and they were enclosed in a protecting shrine.
He is said to have been a foster-son of Saint Ita
.
Biography
Cummian was an Irish Bishop and fer léignid (LectorLector
Lector is a Latin term for one who reads, whether aloud or not. In modern languages the word has come to take various forms, as either a development or a loan, such as , , and . It has various specialized uses:...
) of Cluain Ferta Brénainn (Clonfert
Clonfert
Clonfert is a small village in east County Galway, Ireland. It is half way between Ballinasloe and Portumna.Clonfert Cathedral is situated in the village, which is the see of the Diocese of Clonfert.-See also:* List of towns and villages in Ireland...
), was an important theological writer in the early to mid 7th century. He is famous for a Paschal
Paschal
Paschal is a variant spelling of the name Pascal , from Latin Paschalis. Two popes and two antipopes have taken this name:* Antipope Paschal * Pope Paschal I * Pope Paschal II...
letter which displays his high level of learning. It consists of five manuscript folios, contains quotes from the Vulgate
Vulgate
The Vulgate is a late 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible. It was largely the work of St. Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of the old Latin translations...
and Vetus Latina
Vetus Latina
Vetus Latina is a collective name given to the Biblical texts in Latin that were translated before St Jerome's Vulgate Bible became the standard Bible for Latin-speaking Western Christians. The phrase Vetus Latina is Latin for Old Latin, and the Vetus Latina is sometimes known as the Old Latin Bible...
Bible
Bible
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
; patristic commentary by Augustine
Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo , also known as Augustine, St. Augustine, St. Austin, St. Augoustinos, Blessed Augustine, or St. Augustine the Blessed, was Bishop of Hippo Regius . He was a Latin-speaking philosopher and theologian who lived in the Roman Africa Province...
, Jerome
Jerome
Saint Jerome was a Roman Christian priest, confessor, theologian and historian, and who became a Doctor of the Church. He was the son of Eusebius, of the city of Stridon, which was on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia...
, Cyprian
Cyprian
Cyprian was bishop of Carthage and an important Early Christian writer, many of whose Latin works are extant. He was born around the beginning of the 3rd century in North Africa, perhaps at Carthage, where he received a classical education...
, Origen
Origen
Origen , or Origen Adamantius, 184/5–253/4, was an early Christian Alexandrian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished writers of the early Church. As early as the fourth century, his orthodoxy was suspect, in part because he believed in the pre-existence of souls...
, Ambrosiaster
Ambrosiaster
Ambrosiaster is the name given to the writer of a commentary on St Paul's epistles, "brief in words but weighty in matter," and valuable for the criticism of the Latin text of the New Testament...
and Gregory the Great; extracts from Canon law
Canon law
Canon law is the body of laws & regulations made or adopted by ecclesiastical authority, for the government of the Christian organization and its members. It is the internal ecclesiastical law governing the Catholic Church , the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches, and the Anglican Communion of...
, ecclesiastical history and synodal decrees from Nicea and Arles in their original, uncontaminated forms, in addition to a decretum that enjoined on the Irish that, if all else failed, they should take their problems to Rome.
Cummian also owned - among a library of at least forty manuscripts - ten Paschal tracts including one he attributed to "santus Patricius, papa noster" and possibly a letter of Pelagius
Pelagius
Pelagius was an ascetic who denied the need for divine aid in performing good works. For him, the only grace necessary was the declaration of the law; humans were not wounded by Adam's sin and were perfectly able to fulfill the law apart from any divine aid...
. He may have written a computistical manual, and a commentary on Mark
Gospel of Mark
The Gospel According to Mark , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Mark or simply Mark, is the second book of the New Testament. This canonical account of the life of Jesus of Nazareth is one of the three synoptic gospels. It was thought to be an epitome, which accounts for its place as the second...
. As Cummianus Longus he may be the author of a penitential, and a hymn on the apostles.
iN 1162 his relics, along with those of Bishop Maeinenn of Clonfert were removed from the earth by the clergy of Brenainn, and they were enclosed in a protecting shrine.
He is said to have been a foster-son of Saint Ita
Saint Ita
Íte ingen Chinn Fhalad , also known as Ita, Ida or Ides, was an early Irish nun and saint, patron of Killeedy . Her feast day is 15 January....
.
See also
- CaolánnCaolánn-Biography:Caolánn is credited with writing a Life of Brigid of Kildare in Latin verse. He seems to have built the first chapel on Croughnakeela, an island two miles west of Macdara's Island, off the coast of Connemara....
- CogitosusCogitosus-Biography:Cogitosus was a monk of Kildare who wrote the oldest extant vita of Saint Brigit, Vita Sanctae Brigidae, around 650. There is a controversy as to whether he was related to Saint Brigit....
- BricínBricínBricín , Irish Abbot of Tuaim Dreccon, c.590 - 650.-Túaim Dreccon:The history of Bricín centres around the abbey of Tuaim Drecconin, in Breifne , which flourished in the 7th century A.D.Tomregan got its name in pre-Christian times from the burial mound of Dreacon, a pagan chieftain ruling the...
- Irish Augustine
External links
- http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=2782
- http://openlibrary.org/b/OL22181596M/Cummian%27s_letter__De_controversia_Paschali
- http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html
- http://books.google.ie/books?id=dElJqqyJEJ4C&pg=PA402&lpg=PA402&dq=Cummian&source=bl&ots=OP2S9AleaV&sig=dTGhDgLQ4WBpwsQKq7CiZYSUbBA&hl=en&ei=b2fCSu6KA9T54Ab5wZmLCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8#v=onepage&q=Cummian&f=false
- http://books.google.ie/books?id=SJSDj1dDvNUC&pg=PA378&lpg=PA378&dq=Cummian&source=bl&ots=Z-QBPF3-tw&sig=BvQl9-YcpXnO3VdlAQ99gQf4FQA&hl=en&ei=b2fCSu6KA9T54Ab5wZmLCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5#v=onepage&q=Cummian&f=false
- http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8815800
- http://books.google.ie/books?id=aW-LnIpVgFQC&pg=PA253&lpg=PA253&dq=Cummian&source=bl&ots=SwBPMRX0ib&sig=R4xVP4H2bx3n00AWLa3cDN17b_o&hl=en&ei=dWjCSueqL8W14Qb35K2LCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=Cummian&f=false