Cycles Peugeot
Encyclopedia
French bicycle industry
The french bicycle industry and the history of the bicycle are intertwined. Spanning the last century and a half, the industry has seen two booms, and continues into the 21st century, albeit less dominant today.-Invention:...
through the 20th century.
History
Peugeot was a French manufacturer of bicyclesFrench bicycle industry
The french bicycle industry and the history of the bicycle are intertwined. Spanning the last century and a half, the industry has seen two booms, and continues into the 21st century, albeit less dominant today.-Invention:...
founded by Jean Pequignot Peugeot who, in the 19th century, made water mills. The factory built a good reputation, and the profits meant Peugeot could expand with a steelworks in Montbéliard
Montbéliard
Montbéliard is a city in the Doubs department in the Franche-Comté region in eastern France. It is one of the two subprefectures of the department.-History:...
, which Jean Peugeot ran with a colleague and his two brothers. The company's trademark, a lion, was created in 1858 by an engraver, Justin Blazer, who lived near the factory. The company turned their steel into knives and forks, hydraulic equipment and, from 1882, bicycles, sold as Cycles Peugeot. In Beaulieu-sur-Doubs (Mandeure
Mandeure
Mandeure is a commune in the Doubs department in the Franche-Comté region in eastern France.-History:Mandeure was a Roman town called Epomanduodurum. It reached its apogee in the 2nd century. The Roman theater was one of the largest in Gaul, measuring 142 m with four levels of seats that could seat...
, Doubs
Doubs
Doubs is a department the Franche-Comté region of eastern France named after the Doubs River.-History:As early as the 13th century, inhabitants of the northern two-thirds of Doubs spoke the Franc-Comtois language, a dialect of Langue d'Oïl. Residents of the southern third of Doubs spoke a dialect...
) during the same year, the first Peugeot bicycle
Bicycle
A bicycle, also known as a bike, pushbike or cycle, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A person who rides a bicycle is called a cyclist, or bicyclist....
—a penny-farthing
Penny-farthing
Penny-farthing, high wheel, high wheeler, and ordinary are all terms used to describe a type of bicycle with a large front wheel and a much smaller rear wheel that was popular after the boneshaker, until the development of the safety bicycle, in the 1880s...
(high wheeler) called Le Grand Bi—was hand-built by Armand Peugeot.
During World War I, Peugeot built nearly 63,000 bicycles per year. It also manufactured 9,000 cars and trucks, 1,000 motorcycles, 10,000 plane engines, and 6 million artillery shells.
In 1926, the auto and bicycle manufacturing divisions at Peugeot were divided. Automobiles were constructed at Automobiles Peugeot
Peugeot
Peugeot is a major French car brand, part of PSA Peugeot Citroën, the second largest carmaker based in Europe.The family business that precedes the current Peugeot company was founded in 1810, and manufactured coffee mills and bicycles. On 20 November 1858, Emile Peugeot applied for the lion...
, while bicycles were made at Cycles Peugeot. In 1930, bicycle production reached 162,000 units per year at the Beaulieu factory.
By 1955, the factory at Beaulieu was turning out 220,000 bicycles a year, employing nearly 3,500 workers, while Automobiles Peugeot completed its 100,000 automobile. During the 1950s, European interest in cycling as a means of transportation virtually disappeared, and by 1956, bicycle production at Cycles Peugeot was cut in half.
In 1958, Peugeot diversified into manufacturing components for the auto industry to augment declining sales of bicycles. As consumer interest in bicycling returned in the 1960s, Peugeot gradually increased its production of sport, racing, and touring road bicycles.
Racing heritage
Early on, the Peugeot family saw the value of publicity in sponsoring racing cyclists. Paul Bourillon became the world sprint champion in Copenhagen in 1896 on a Peugeot bicycle. The family also backed riders in numerous road races and in 1905 sponsored its first Tour de FranceTour de France
The Tour de France is an annual bicycle race held in France and nearby countries. First staged in 1903, the race covers more than and lasts three weeks. As the best known and most prestigious of cycling's three "Grand Tours", the Tour de France attracts riders and teams from around the world. The...
winner, Louis Trousselier.
After the first Tour de France
Tour de France
The Tour de France is an annual bicycle race held in France and nearby countries. First staged in 1903, the race covers more than and lasts three weeks. As the best known and most prestigious of cycling's three "Grand Tours", the Tour de France attracts riders and teams from around the world. The...
win, the Peugeot cycling team
Peugeot (cycling team)
Peugeot team was a French professional cycling team that promoted and rode Peugeot racing bikes.It is listed as the most successful cycling team of all time, on www.cyclingranking.com, with a large margin on the second placed team, Alcyon.-History:...
remained active in the Tour and other European cycle races. Peugeot would go on to become the most successful factory team of all time in the Tour de France, winning the race a record ten times. Like some other large European bicycle manufacturers, Peugeot was not above purchasing handcrafted team racing bicycles, fabricated by small independent craftsmen such as Masi
Masi Bicycles
Masi Bicycles is a manufacturer of road, track, cyclocross and commuter bicycles based in Vista, California, United States.-History:Faliero Masi commenced making bicycle frames at the Vigorelli Velodrome in Milano in the 1950s, after a career as a professional racer and team mechanic...
, which were then painted and outfitted to resemble standard Peugeot factory production models.
Peugeot and rival marque Mercier
Mercier
Mercier is a common family name in France, in French-speaking regions of Belgium, Canada and Switzerland, and is found elsewhere where French-speaking people have settled.-List of persons with the surname:...
were among the last bicycle factories to continue team sponsorship. Rising costs had forced other brands to surrender control of their teams to backers from outside the bicycle industry. Even as most other teams were using Italian Campagnolo components, Peugeot continued to use French ones. Stronglight cranksets, Simplex derailleurs, and Mafac brakes were standard. The last yellow jersey worn by a Peugeot factory rider was in 1983, when Pascal Simon
Pascal Simon
Pascal Simon is a retired French road racing cyclist. A native of Mesnil St. Loup, he was a professional cyclist from 1979 to 1991. Pascal was the oldest of four brothers that all became professional cyclists: Régis, Jerôme and François.In 1983, Simon obtained the yellow jersey while riding for...
took the lead in the Tour de France until he was forced to drop out due to injury.
By the time of the 1986 racing season, costs in a period of inflation triggered by an oil crisis meant Peugeot's entire racing budget of 1.06 million euros ran out before the season had ended. William Desazar de Montgaillard, director-general of Peugeot, announced that due to lack of financial support, there would no longer be a fully sponsored Peugeot team
Peugeot (cycling team)
Peugeot team was a French professional cycling team that promoted and rode Peugeot racing bikes.It is listed as the most successful cycling team of all time, on www.cyclingranking.com, with a large margin on the second placed team, Alcyon.-History:...
.
Production bicycles
During the first half of the 20th century, the vast majority of French-built Peugeot bicycles came from the factories in Beaulieu (MandeureMandeure
Mandeure is a commune in the Doubs department in the Franche-Comté region in eastern France.-History:Mandeure was a Roman town called Epomanduodurum. It reached its apogee in the 2nd century. The Roman theater was one of the largest in Gaul, measuring 142 m with four levels of seats that could seat...
), France. Other Peugeot bicycles were built in Spain and, after 1978 or so, in Canada.
The Peugeot UO-8—a low-end 'ten-speed' sports/touring bicycle with a mild steel frame—was introduced into the U.S. market in the 1960s and sold through 1980. Equipped with Simplex derailleurs, the 28-lb. UO-8 of 1974 was considered to be an inexpensive 'all-round' derailleur-geared bicycle and had the characteristic long wheelbase of French bicycles, which provided stability and a soft ride on city streets and rough French rural roads. As a competitor to the heavier Schwinn
Schwinn Bicycle Company
The Schwinn Bicycle Company was founded by German-born mechanical engineer Ignaz Schwinn in Chicago in 1895. It became the dominant manufacturer of American bicycles through most of the 20th century and today it is a sub-brand of Pacific Cycle, owned by the multi-national conglomerate, Dorel...
Continental, the UO-8 was the most popular model distributed by Cycles Peugeot USA from its inception in 1974; it was sold in large numbers during the bike boom of 1972-1975. During the peak bike boom years (1972–1974), French bicycles were produced in numbers so large that quality control became an issue and parts were often substituted, swapped, or otherwise thrown together to meet high production demands, sometimes resulting in an amalgamation of different models. In the case of Peugeot, problems included paint and weld issues, along with occasional frame misalignment.
In the United States, the AO-8 was the entry-level Peugeot 'ten-speed' bicycle, which competed directly against the Schwinn Varsity, the Raleigh
Raleigh Bicycle Company
The Raleigh Bicycle Company is a bicycle manufacturer originally based in Nottingham, UK. It is one of the oldest bicycle companies in the world. From 1921 to 1935 Raleigh also produced motorcycles and three-wheel cars, leading to the formation of the Reliant Company.-Early years:Raleigh's history...
Record, and Nishiki
Nishiki (bicycle)
Nishiki was a brand of bicycles designed, specified, marketed and distributed by West Coast Cycle in the United States, initially manufactured by Kawamura Cyles in Kobe, Japan and subsequently by Giant of Taiwan. The bicycles were first marketed under the American Eagle brand beginning in 1965 and...
's Custom Sport. Equipped with fenders and a luggage rack, it was designated the AE-8.
The UE-8 was similar to the UO-8 but was equipped with fenders, a luggage rack, and generator lights. The AO-18, UO-18/18C, and UE-18 were mixte versions of the AO-8, UO-8 and UE-8, respectively. In France, these models were roughly equivalent to the P-, PL-, and PX-8-series Peugeot road bicycles.
First introduced as a model in 1953, the PX-10 was traditionally one of Peugeot's high-end bicycles. By the early 1970s, the PX-10 used a frame made with Reynolds
Reynolds Cycle Technology
Reynolds Cycle Technology is a manufacturer of tubing for bicycle frames and other bicycle components based in Birmingham, England established in 1898.-History:...
531 chromoly steel tubing and was fitted with lightweight aluminum alloy components. The PX-10 was sold in the U.S. from 1975 to 1980 but it continued to be produced for sale in European markets through 1986.
In 1974, Peugeot opened a custom bicycle frame shop (the Atelier Prestige) which specialized in the production of custom Reynolds-tubed framesets using thin-gauge butted steel tubing. These custom frames were designated PY-10. Similar to a PX-10 in design and styling, a PY-10 could be ordered to a customers individual specifications. Options included, but were not limited to, geometry and frame size, color, components, and braze-ons.
In 1977, the UO-10 was introduced, followed the next year by a slightly heavier road model, the UO-9. In 1980, the PH-8 displaced the UO-8 as the entry-level Peugeot road bicycle.
In later years, the Peugeot race team switched to carbon fiber tubed bikes which were referred to as the PY10FC. During this time Peugeot continued to offer a custom steel-framed road bicycle, the PZ10. PZ and PY bicycles were imported to the U.S. until Cycle Peugeot's withdrawal from the North American market in 1990.
Factory and production changes
Romilly-sur-Seine
Romilly-sur-Seine is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.-Population:-Twin towns:Romilly-sur-Seine is twinned with: Milford Haven, United Kingdom Gotha, Germany Lüdenscheid, Germany Medicina, Italy Uman, Ukraine-References:*...
, which was converted to produce bicycles. In 1978, ProCycle of Canada signed an agreement to manufacture and distribute Peugeots in Canada, while French-built Peugeots continued to be sold in the USA.
During the bicycle sales 'boom' of 1972-75, Peugeot sales increased dramatically. Aided by the racing heritage of the brand, demand for low- and mid-level Peugeot sport/touring or "ten speed" bicycles surged, particularly in the United States, and frequently exceeded supply. The aging Peugeot factory had difficulty supplying sufficient bicycles, and quality control occasionally suffered. Peugeot's reliance on French part suppliers began to impact sales after it became clear that Japanese firms were able to supply derailleurs and other components using more advanced designs and superior quality. By the early 1980s, Peugeot bicycles were utilizing Japanese derailleurs.
By 1983, ProCycle was exporting Canadian-made Peugeots to the U.S.
In 1987, Cycles Peugeot merged with AOP (Acier et Outillages Peugeot) to form ECIA (Equipment et Composants pour I'Industrie Automobile), and the Romilly factory began producing all Peugeot bicycles. That same year, ProCycle of Canada acquired rights to distribute French-made Peugeots. In 1990, Cycles Peugeot sold the North American rights to market bicycles under the Peugeot name to the Canadian firm ProCycle.
In 2001, ProCycle discontinued the Peugeot bicycle brand. In Europe, the licence to produce Peugeot-branded bicycles was sold to Cycleurope, a company making bicycles under different names, on condition that it would be reconsidered in 2004. That licence was later withdrawn for Europe, though production of bicycles for export continued for another year.
Today
As of 2011 Peugeot-branded cycles being sold in Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, United States, Japan, and Switzerland.As of August 2011 Peugeot is revamping and relaunching the Cycles Peugeot brand with Cycleurope
Current models
Mountain bikes- VTT - Filou
- VTT - Filou FS
- VTT - RC
- VTT - RC FS
- VTT - Hoggar
Hybrid bikes
- VTC - Black & Silver (Men's)
- VTC - Black & Silver (Mixed)
- VTC - Roland Garros
- VTC - 1007
City Shopper bikes
- Ville - Venice (Mixed)
- Ville - Venice (Men's)
- Ville - Dutch Lion (Mixed)
- Ville - Dutch Lion (Men's)
Children's bikes
- Hoggar Junior
- Black & Silver Junior
- Harmonie Junior
- Color Line Junior
Discontinued models
Mountain bikes- Fun - Ladies MTB (VT1 FW)
- Canyon Express (VTT 2GW)
- Alpine Express (VTT 4BW) or (VTT 4L)
- Europe Express (VTT 6BW)
- Mont Blanc (VTT 2)
- Orient express (unknown model number)
- Ranger (VTT24)
Touring bikes
- Cassis (PE 15TW)
- Chambord (Ladies)(PH 46W)
- Dordogne (PX531)
- Provence (P6GP)
- Provencelle (Ladies version of the Provence)
- Randonneur (PX 50)
- Savoie (PX531S)
Road bikes
- Aubisque (PE 10DW)
- Aspin (PE10 LS)
- Avoriaz (PE 10SW)
- Bordeaux (P 10DW)
- Carbon Pro
- Carbon Team Line
- Cologne
- Comete (A400)
- Corbier (P4)
- Cosmic
- Fibre de Carbone (PY10FC)
- Galibier (PH501 E)
- Gentelmen (PR 60)
- Iseran (P6)
- Isoard (PX10)
- Offensiv T500
- Lautaret (PE10 B)
- Leader 24 (C47CX) Junior racer
- Leader 20 (C38CX)
- LX 10
- Mont Blanc (PHE 20)
- Mont Cenis (PSV10M)
- Perthus (PZ SIS)
- Premiere (P10N)
- Sports 10 (P4)
- Sports 5 (P4M5)
- Tourmalet (PH10)
- Triathlon (PGN10T)
- Tristar (PH501T)
- Ventoux (P501BW)
- Ventoux - 2nd model line (PE300)
- P8
- P0
- PA 10
- PC 10
- PL 50
- PX 60
- PY 10
- PZ 10
- UO-8Peugeot UO-8The Peugeot UO-8 was a ten-speed bicycle manufactured by Cycles Peugeot during the "bike boom" of the 1970s. It was marketed as a mid-range "racing style" cycle, and was manufactured from sometime in the early 60s until the end of 1980...
- UO-9
- X80 SeriesPeugeot X80 SeriesThe Peugeot X80 series was a series of bicycles produced from 1974 until 1982. They featured a 28 inch wheel and frame sizes from 19 inches in the X80 to 25 inches in the X86. Plans were made for a X88 and X90 but the unpopularity of the bicycles resulted in their demise towards the...