Cydia pomonella granulosis virus
Encyclopedia
Cydia pomonella granulosis virus (CpGV) is a Baculovirus
Granulovirus. It has a double-stranded DNA genome 123500 bp in length with 143 ORF
s. The virus forms small bodies called granules containing a single viron. CpGV is a virus of invertebrates – specifically Cydia pomonella
or the Codling moth. CpGV is highly pathogenic, it is known as a fast GV – that is, one that will kill its host in the same instar
as infection; thus, it is frequently used as a biological pesticide.
CpGV has been shown to kill many of the larvae of C. pomonella in trials without having adverse effects on humans or other animals, thanks to the specific nature of the virus. Also, no development of resistance was observed. Know it is known that several resistant populations occurred.
A CpGV strain is available as commercial pesticides like CYD-X (Certis) and MADEX (Andermatt Biocontrol AG).
Baculovirus
The baculoviruses are a family of large rod-shaped viruses that can be divided to two genera: nucleopolyhedroviruses and granuloviruses . While GVs contain only one nucleocapsid per envelope, NPVs contain either single or multiple nucleocapsids per envelope. The enveloped virions are further...
Granulovirus. It has a double-stranded DNA genome 123500 bp in length with 143 ORF
Open reading frame
In molecular genetics, an open reading frame is a DNA sequence that does not contain a stop codon in a given reading frame.Normally, inserts which interrupt the reading frame of a subsequent region after the start codon cause frameshift mutation of the sequence and dislocate the sequences for stop...
s. The virus forms small bodies called granules containing a single viron. CpGV is a virus of invertebrates – specifically Cydia pomonella
Codling moth
The codling moth is a member of the Lepidopteran family Tortricidae. They are known as an agricultural pest, their larva being the common apple worm or maggot. It is native to Europe and was introduced to North America, where it has become one of the regular pests of apple orchards. It is found...
or the Codling moth. CpGV is highly pathogenic, it is known as a fast GV – that is, one that will kill its host in the same instar
Instar
An instar is a developmental stage of arthropods, such as insects, between each molt , until sexual maturity is reached. Arthropods must shed the exoskeleton in order to grow or assume a new form. Differences between instars can often be seen in altered body proportions, colors, patterns, or...
as infection; thus, it is frequently used as a biological pesticide.
CpGV in pest control
C. pomonella has proved to be a problematic pest on several fruit trees, including apples and pears. The caterpillars burrow into the fruit, rendering it un-sellable. Traditional insecticides are of limited use, as some strains have acquired resistance to several insecticides.CpGV has been shown to kill many of the larvae of C. pomonella in trials without having adverse effects on humans or other animals, thanks to the specific nature of the virus. Also, no development of resistance was observed. Know it is known that several resistant populations occurred.
A CpGV strain is available as commercial pesticides like CYD-X (Certis) and MADEX (Andermatt Biocontrol AG).
- See also: biological insecticides
External links
- http://entomology.tfrec.wsu.edu/wopdmc/2003PDFs/Rep03%20Biocontrol%20Quenin.pdf
- http://www.advanllc.com/products/cyd-x/
- http://www.biocontrol.ch/export/madex.phtml