D51 steam locomotive
Encyclopedia
The is a type of 2-8-2
steam locomotive
built by the Japanese Government Railways
, the Japanese National Railways
and various manufacturers from 1936 to 1951. The name consists of a "D" for the four sets of driving wheels and the class number 51 for tender locomotive
s that the numbers 50 through 99 were assigned to under the 1928 locomotive classification rule
.
The design of Class D51 was based on the earlier Class D50, which was introduced in 1923. A total of 1,115 D51 locomotives were built, the largest number of locomotives in a single class in Japan. Early D51s built were known as "Namekuji type" (or "slug
").
The Class D51 is popularly called "Degoichi" in Japanese.
The specially built D51s that were left on Sakhalin
(formerly Karafuto) by the retreating Japanese at the end of World War II
were used until 1979 by Russian Railways
. One was left outside Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
railway station, and one is in running condition and is kept at the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station. Additionally two wrecks were left to the north of the city.
The following is a partial list of preserved locomotives.
2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle , eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
steam locomotive
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
built by the Japanese Government Railways
Japanese Government Railways
The Japanese Government Railways was the national railway system directly operated by the central government of Japan until 1949. It is a predecessor of Japanese National Railways and the Japan Railways Group.- Name :...
, the Japanese National Railways
Japanese National Railways
, abbreviated or "JNR", was the national railway network of Japan from 1949 to 1987.-History:The term Kokuyū Tetsudō "state-owned railway" originally referred to a network of railway lines operated by nationalized companies under the control of the Railway Institute following the nationalization...
and various manufacturers from 1936 to 1951. The name consists of a "D" for the four sets of driving wheels and the class number 51 for tender locomotive
Tender locomotive
A tender or coal-car is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing the locomotive's fuel and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so tenders are necessary to keep the locomotive running over long distances. A locomotive...
s that the numbers 50 through 99 were assigned to under the 1928 locomotive classification rule
Japan Railways locomotive numbering and classification
This page explains the numbering and classification schemes for locomotives employed by the Japanese Government Railways, the Japanese National Railways and the Japan Railways Group.- Pre-nationalization :...
.
The design of Class D51 was based on the earlier Class D50, which was introduced in 1923. A total of 1,115 D51 locomotives were built, the largest number of locomotives in a single class in Japan. Early D51s built were known as "Namekuji type" (or "slug
Slug
Slug is a common name that is normally applied to any gastropod mollusc that lacks a shell, has a very reduced shell, or has a small internal shell...
").
The Class D51 is popularly called "Degoichi" in Japanese.
The specially built D51s that were left on Sakhalin
Sakhalin
Sakhalin or Saghalien, is a large island in the North Pacific, lying between 45°50' and 54°24' N.It is part of Russia, and is Russia's largest island, and is administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast...
(formerly Karafuto) by the retreating Japanese at the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
were used until 1979 by Russian Railways
Russian Railways
The Russian Railways , is the government owned national rail carrier of the Russian Federation, headquartered in Moscow. The Russian Railways operate over of common carrier routes as well as a few hundred kilometers of industrial routes, making it the second largest network in the world exceeded...
. One was left outside Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
railway station, and one is in running condition and is kept at the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station. Additionally two wrecks were left to the north of the city.
Preserved examples
Over 170 Class D51 locomotives have been preserved in Japan. D51 498 has been restored by JR East and hauls special event trains on JR East lines.The following is a partial list of preserved locomotives.
- D51 1 – Preserved at Umekoji Steam Locomotive MuseumUmekoji Steam Locomotive Museumis a railway museum located in Shimogyō-ku, Kyoto, Japan. Opened in 1972, the locomotive depot preserves 19 steam locomotives.The museum is owned by West Japan Railway Company and is operated by Transportation Culture Promotion Foundation.-Facility:...
in Kyoto - D51 2 – Preserved at the Modern Transportation MuseumModern Transportation MuseumThe is the corporate museum of the West Japan Railway Company in Osaka, Japan. It opened in 1962, next to Bentencho Station on the Osaka Loop Line...
in Osaka - D51 51 – Preserved at Torokko Saga Station in Kyoto. (Previously at Kuzuha Mall in Kuzuha, Hirakata, OsakaKuzuha, Hirakata, Osakais a district of north Hirakata, Osaka, in Japan. It is located approximately 23 minutes by train from Sanjo Keihan Station in Kyoto and approximately 31 minutes from Yodoyabashi Station in Osaka....
from 1972 to 2004) - D51 187 – Preserved in front of JR East's Omiya Workshops, Saitama, SaitamaSaitama, Saitama' is the capital and the most populous city of Saitama Prefecture in Japan, situated in the south-east of the prefecture. Its area incorporates the former cities of Urawa, Ōmiya, Yono and Iwatsuki. It is a city designated by government ordinance...
- D51 200 – Preserved in operational condition by West Japan Railway CompanyWest Japan Railway Company, also referred to as , is one of the Japan Railways Group companies and operates in western Honshū. It has its headquarters in Kita-ku, Osaka.-History:...
at Umekoji Steam Locomotive MuseumUmekoji Steam Locomotive Museumis a railway museum located in Shimogyō-ku, Kyoto, Japan. Opened in 1972, the locomotive depot preserves 19 steam locomotives.The museum is owned by West Japan Railway Company and is operated by Transportation Culture Promotion Foundation.-Facility:...
in Kyoto - D51 222 – Preserved in Yogi Park, Naha, OkinawaNaha, Okinawais the capital city of the Japanese prefecture of Okinawa.Naha is a coastal city located on the East China Sea coast of the southern part of Okinawa Island, the largest of the Ryukyu Islands...
- D51 254 – Preserved in Suginami Jidō Kōtsū Park, Suginami, TokyoSuginami, Tokyois one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. In English, it calls itself Suginami City.As of April 1, 2011, the ward has an estimated population of 538,703, with 301,277 households, and a density of 15,834.39 persons per km². The total area is 34.02 km².-Geography:Suginami occupies the...
- D51 272 – Preserved in Setagaya Park, Setagaya, TokyoSetagaya, Tokyois one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo in Japan. It is also the name of a neighborhood within the ward. The ward calls itself the City of Setagaya in English...
- D51 296 – Preserved in Fuchū Transport Park, Fuchū, TokyoFuchu, Tokyois a city located in western Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 2010, the city has an estimated population of 255,394 and a population density of 8,700 persons per km². The total area was 29.34 km²...
- D51 408
- D51 426 – (Front end only) Preserved at JR East Railway Museum, Saitama, SaitamaSaitama, Saitama' is the capital and the most populous city of Saitama Prefecture in Japan, situated in the south-east of the prefecture. Its area incorporates the former cities of Urawa, Ōmiya, Yono and Iwatsuki. It is a city designated by government ordinance...
(Cab section is used as a driving simulator) - D51 451 – Preserved in Akishima Park, Akishima, TokyoAkishima, Tokyois a city located in the western end of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 2010, the city has an estimated population of 112,521 and a population density of 6,490 persons per km²...
- D51 452 – Preserved at Ōme Railway Park, Ōme, TokyoOme, Tokyois a city located in Tokyo, Japan.As of October 1, 2010, the city has an estimated population of 139,932 and a density of 1,355.14 persons per km². The total area is 103.26 km².The characters 青梅 literally mean blue ume, or Japanese apricot....
- D51 498 – Operated by JR East, based at Takasaki Rolling Stock Center
- D51 502 – Preserved in Kamichiba Sunahara Park, Katsushika, TokyoKatsushika, Tokyois one of the special wards of Tokyo, Japan. It lies in the northeast of the ward area. The ward calls itself Katsushika City in English.As of 2008, the ward has an estimated population of 429,289 and a density of 12,600 people per km²...
- D51 853 – Preserved in Asukayama Park, Kita, TokyoKita, Tokyois one of the special wards of Tokyo, Japan. In English, it calls itself the City of Kita .As of 2008, the ward has an estimated population of 332,140 and a population density of 16,140 persons per km². The total area is 20.59 km².-Geography:...
- D51 1001 – Preserved in front of the Koshoku Gymnasium, Chikuma, NaganoChikuma, Naganois a city located in Nagano, Japan.As of June 1, 2006, the city has an estimated population of 63,829. The total area is 119.84 km².-Description:...
Russian Class D51
- D51-1: Niigata Prefecture
- D51-2: Hokkaido
- D51-4: Sakhalin (Working order, but faces uncertain future due to re-gauging of the Sakhalin RailwaySakhalin RailwayThe Sakhalin Railway is a subsidiary of the Russian Railways that operates the Japanese-built railways in the south of Sakhalin. Its length was reduced from 1072 km in 1992 to 805 km in 2006. The headquarters are in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The prevalent Cape gauge is a major problem for the Russian...
s to the Russian gaugeRussian gaugeIn railway terminology, Russian gauge refers to railway track with a gauge between 1,520 mm and . In a narrow sense as defined by Russian Railways it refers to gauge....
) - D51-22: Sakhalin (Plinthed outside Yuzhno-SakhalinskYuzhno-Sakhalinsk-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
railway station) - D51-23: Hokkaido
- D51-25: Hokkaido
- D51-26: Hokkaido
- D51-27: Hokkaido
- D51-28: Sakhalin (Dumped at Tomari)
- D51 ? : Sakhalin (2 D51s Dumped north of Yuzhno-SakhalinskYuzhno-Sakhalinsk-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
at Dalny)