DMAN
Encyclopedia
DMAN, also known as Departure Manager is a planning tool developed to improve the departure flows at airports and increase the predictability. DMAN calculates the Target Take Off Times (TTOT) and the Target Startup Approval Times (TSAT) taking multiple constraints and preferences into account. As a result the DMAN provides a planned departure flow with the goal to maintain an optimal throughput at the runway, reduce queing at holding point and distribute the information to various stakeholders at the airport (i.e. the airline, ground handling and Air Traffic Control (ATC)
). EUROCONTROL have defined DMAN as follows:
"DMAN is a planning system to improve departure flows at airports by calculating the Target Take Off Time (TTOT) and Target Start-up Approval Time (TSAT) for each flight, taking multiple constraints and preferences into account."
The DMAN has several benefits which may vary depending on the local conditions at an airport. Generally the main benefits are:
in an airport to make a new plan based on the current situation and quickly distribute the information to the different operators and stakeholders at the airport.
workload since the DMAN holds aircraft at gate and as a result reduces the amount of traffic taxiing simultaneously.
Air traffic control
Air traffic control is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The primary purpose of ATC systems worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other...
). EUROCONTROL have defined DMAN as follows:
"DMAN is a planning system to improve departure flows at airports by calculating the Target Take Off Time (TTOT) and Target Start-up Approval Time (TSAT) for each flight, taking multiple constraints and preferences into account."
Benefits
This subject is obsolete information. Several links lead to invalid pages because this process was abandonded or never implemneted in certain areas. One of the articles still on link was last updated in 1999.The DMAN has several benefits which may vary depending on the local conditions at an airport. Generally the main benefits are:
Environmental
Reduced emissions since the Target Startup Approval Times (TSAT) from a DMAN calculation results in reduced queing at the holding point at the runway. Aircraft can therefore reduce their overall taxi time from the their gate/stand to their actual Take off from the runway and minimise their fuel emissions.Predictability
DMAN adds predictability to the departure flow resulting in optimised resource management for ground handling, airline operators etc. The DMAN builds upon the EUROCONTROL A-CDM process and is an enabler for improving the quality of the information shared by the stakeholders at the airport. By creating a stable departure sequence the different operators can plan their work more efficiently.Reactivity
DMAN enables an improved reactivity of unforeseen events and can therefore reduce the negative impact of such an event (e.g. instantanious runway closure due to suspected debris, weather changes etc.). By constantly monitoring and distributing information the DMAN can support the ATCAir traffic control
Air traffic control is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The primary purpose of ATC systems worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other...
in an airport to make a new plan based on the current situation and quickly distribute the information to the different operators and stakeholders at the airport.
Safety
During peak hour operations the DMAN have shown a positive impact on ATCAir traffic control
Air traffic control is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The primary purpose of ATC systems worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other...
workload since the DMAN holds aircraft at gate and as a result reduces the amount of traffic taxiing simultaneously.
Resources For Further Reading
- European Commission, Gate To Gate Final report D0.5.2 Chapter 5
- EUROCONTROL, PHARE Advanced Tools Departure Manager Final Report
- Fraport homepage, Departure Management at Frankfurt Airport (DMAN-FRA)
- Realtid.se, Article 2007-10-05, Kortare flygköer på Arlanda (about DMAN live trials in Arlanda) (in Swedish)
- Article Nya Arlanda Nr31 Dec 2007 page 10-11, Snart klart för grön avgång (about DMAN live trials in Arlanda) (in Swedish)
- Poster Nottingham University, NATS and SMITH institute, Hybrid Metaheuristics For Departure Runway Scheduling At London Heathrow