DXP reductoisomerase or (1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase) is an enzyme that intraconverts 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate is an intermediate in the non-mevalonate pathway.-See also:* DXP synthase* DXP reductoisomerase...

 and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate.
It is classified under .

It is part of the non-mevalonate pathway

Non-mevalonate pathway

The non-mevalonate pathway or 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate/1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis is an alternative metabolic pathway leading to the formation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate that has been elucidated only...

, and it is inhibited by fosmidomycin

Fosmidomycin

Fosmidomycin is an antibiotic that was originally isolated from culture broths of bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. It specifically inhibits DXP reductoisomerase, a key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis. It is a structural analogue of 2-C-methyl-D-erythrose...

.

It is normally abbreviated DXR, but it is sometimes named IspC.

This enzyme is responsible for terpenoid

Terpenoid

The terpenoids , sometimes called isoprenoids, are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring organic chemicals similar to terpenes, derived from five-carbon isoprene units assembled and modified in thousands of ways. Most are multicyclic structures that differ from one another not only in...

 biosynthesis

Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis is an enzyme-catalyzed process in cells of living organisms by which substrates are converted to more complex products. The biosynthesis process often consists of several enzymatic steps in which the product of one step is used as substrate in the following step...

 in some organism

Organism

In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system . In at least some form, all organisms are capable of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, and maintenance of homoeostasis as a stable whole.An organism may either be unicellular or, as in the case of humans, comprise...

s. In Arabidopsis

Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana is a small flowering plant native to Europe, Asia, and northwestern Africa. A spring annual with a relatively short life cycle, arabidopsis is popular as a model organism in plant biology and genetics...

 thaliana 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase is the first committed enzyme

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...

 of the non-mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis. The enzyme requires Mn2+

Manganese

Manganese is a chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. It has the atomic number 25. It is found as a free element in nature , and in many minerals...

, Co2+

Cobalt

Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27. It is found naturally only in chemically combined form. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal....

 or Mg2+

Magnesium

Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and common oxidation number +2. It is an alkaline earth metal and the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and ninth in the known universe as a whole...

for activity, with Mn2+ being most effective.