Dabrowa Górnicza
Encyclopedia
Dąbrowa Górnicza AUD is a city
in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in southern Poland
, nearby Katowice
. The north-east district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
- metropolis with the population of almost 3 millions. Located in the Silesian Highlands
, on the Czarna Przemsza and Biała Przemsza rivers (tributaries of the Vistula).
It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship
since its formation in 1999, previously it was in Katowice Voivodeship
. Dąbrowa Górnicza is one of the cities of the 2,7 million conurbation - Katowice urban area
and within a greater Silesian metropolitan area
populated by about 5,2 million people. The population of the city itself is roughly only 127,500 or so (Dec 2010).
parish. First mentioned in 1726. According to a census of the Archdiocese of Kraków from 1787 the settlement numbered 184 inhabitants. After the Third Partition of Poland
(1795) incorporated into the Prussia
n province of New Silesia
. The Prussians discovered rich deposits of coal here and the first coal mine was established by Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden
in 1796. The settlement started to grow in 19th century. The Huta Bankowa steel works, which is still a going concern, was built in Dąbrowa Górnicza in 1834. The 1970s saw the construction of the Huta Katowice steel works, which is nowadays the biggest steel producing plant in Poland, after privatization
owned by ArcelorMittal. In the 1970s the town expanded territorially and economically. In 1975 and 1977 the neighboring localities of Strzemieszyce Małe
, Strzemieszyce Wielkie
, Ząbkowice and others became suburbanized. The population of Dąbrowa Górnicza reached its peak in 1982 with 152,373 inhabitants. In the 1990s all coal mines there had been closed, because of lack of coal. But the oldest part of the town Reden still exists.
and national road 94. Expressway S1 is a direct connection to motorway A4
and to Katowice International Airport
. Also Dąbrowa Górnicza has rich railway network access including Warsaw
-Katowice
line (VI Pan-European corridor
) and nearby Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line terminal in Sławków.
), denotes an "oak grove", as the territory of the original village is believed to be covered by oak forests back in the early days of its existence. Since in the 19th century the settlement grew to be an important coal mining
center, its name was supplemented by the adjective
"Górnicza" ("mining") in 1919.
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in southern Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, nearby Katowice
Katowice
Katowice is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, on the Kłodnica and Rawa rivers . Katowice is located in the Silesian Highlands, about north of the Silesian Beskids and about southeast of the Sudetes Mountains.It is the central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2...
. The north-east district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
The Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia or Upper Silesia Metroplex, Silesia Metroplex / Silesia Metroplex is a union of 14 adjacent cities in the Polish province of Silesia....
- metropolis with the population of almost 3 millions. Located in the Silesian Highlands
Silesian Highlands
Silesian Highlands are highlands located in Silesia and Lesser Poland, Poland. It is the part of Lesser Poland Highlands Its highest point is the Mountain of St. Anne .-See also:...
, on the Czarna Przemsza and Biała Przemsza rivers (tributaries of the Vistula).
It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia...
since its formation in 1999, previously it was in Katowice Voivodeship
Katowice Voivodeship
Katowice Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in the years 1975–1998, superseded by the Silesian Voivodeship...
. Dąbrowa Górnicza is one of the cities of the 2,7 million conurbation - Katowice urban area
Katowice urban area
The Katowice urban area, also known as the Upper Silesian urban area, is an urban area/conurbation in southern Poland. It is located in the Silesian Voivodeship and in a small part of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. The Katowice urban area is the largest urban area in Poland and one of the largest...
and within a greater Silesian metropolitan area
Silesian metropolitan area
The Upper Silesian metropolitan area is the metropolitan area in southern Poland and northeast Czech Republic, centered on the cities of Katowice and Ostrava in Silesia...
populated by about 5,2 million people. The population of the city itself is roughly only 127,500 or so (Dec 2010).
History
In the first half of the 18th century Dąbrowa was a small agricultural settlement belonging to the BędzinBedzin
Będzin is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in southern Poland. Located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Czarna Przemsza river , the city borders the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metro area with a population of about 2 million.It has been situated in the Silesian Voivodeship since its...
parish. First mentioned in 1726. According to a census of the Archdiocese of Kraków from 1787 the settlement numbered 184 inhabitants. After the Third Partition of Poland
Third Partition of Poland
The Third Partition of Poland or Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1795 as the third and last of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.-Background:...
(1795) incorporated into the Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n province of New Silesia
New Silesia
New Silesia was a small province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1795 to 1807, created after the Third Partition of Poland. It was located northwest of Kraków and southeast of Częstochowa, in the lands that had been part of the Silesian Duchy of Siewierz and the adjacent Polish historical province...
. The Prussians discovered rich deposits of coal here and the first coal mine was established by Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden
Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden
Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden was a German pioneer in mining and metallurgy. He was born in Hamelin in the Electorate of Hanover and died in Michelsdorf in Prussian Silesia.- Life :...
in 1796. The settlement started to grow in 19th century. The Huta Bankowa steel works, which is still a going concern, was built in Dąbrowa Górnicza in 1834. The 1970s saw the construction of the Huta Katowice steel works, which is nowadays the biggest steel producing plant in Poland, after privatization
Privatization
Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency or public service from the public sector to the private sector or to private non-profit organizations...
owned by ArcelorMittal. In the 1970s the town expanded territorially and economically. In 1975 and 1977 the neighboring localities of Strzemieszyce Małe
Strzemieszyce Małe
Strzemieszyce Małe – a district of Dąbrowa Górnicza in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. Located between Strzemieszyce Wielkie and Łosień, 10.8 km eastwards from the town center, separated from Strzemieszyce Wielkie by the National Road...
, Strzemieszyce Wielkie
Strzemieszyce Wielkie
Strzemieszyce Wielkie – a district of Dąbrowa Górnicza in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. Located between the districts Reden and Strzemieszyce Małe, on the national road 94 between Katowice and Olkusz.- History :Traces of ancient human settlement date back to the Lusatian culture period...
, Ząbkowice and others became suburbanized. The population of Dąbrowa Górnicza reached its peak in 1982 with 152,373 inhabitants. In the 1990s all coal mines there had been closed, because of lack of coal. But the oldest part of the town Reden still exists.
Education
- Silesian Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry, Industrial and Environmental Chemistry course
- Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu
- Wyższa Szkoła Planowania Strategicznego
Transport
There are many important routes crossing in Dąbrowa Górnicza. These include expressway S1Expressway S1 (Poland)
Expressway S1 or express road S1 is an expressway under construction in Poland with a planned length of , which is located in the Silesian and Lesser Poland voivodeships. It is connecting A1 motorway with A4 motorway and the border of the Czech Republic in Cieszyn-Boguszowice along with the...
and national road 94. Expressway S1 is a direct connection to motorway A4
Autostrada A4 (Poland)
The autostrada A4 in Poland is a motorway which runs from west to east through southern Poland, from the Polish-German border in Zgorzelec , through Wrocław, Katowice, Kraków, Tarnów, and Rzeszów to the Polish-Ukrainian border at Korczowa. The motorway is a part of the European route E40...
and to Katowice International Airport
Katowice International Airport
Katowice International Airport is an international airport, located in Pyrzowice, north of center of Katowice, Poland. The airport has third biggest passenger flow in Poland....
. Also Dąbrowa Górnicza has rich railway network access including Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
-Katowice
Katowice
Katowice is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, on the Kłodnica and Rawa rivers . Katowice is located in the Silesian Highlands, about north of the Silesian Beskids and about southeast of the Sudetes Mountains.It is the central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2...
line (VI Pan-European corridor
Pan-European corridors
The ten Pan-European transport corridors were defined at the second Pan-European transport Conference in Crete, March 1994, as routes in Central and Eastern Europe that required major investment over the next ten to fifteen years. Additions were made at the third conference in Helsinki in 1997...
) and nearby Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line terminal in Sławków.
Notable people born in Dąbrowa Górnicza
- Karol AdamieckiKarol Adamiecki-External links:* * *...
(1866–1933), economistEconomistAn economist is a professional in the social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy...
, engineerEngineerAn engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical problems. Engineers design materials, structures, machines and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality,... - Janusz GajosJanusz GajosJanusz Gajos is a Polish actor.He graduated in 1965 from the National Film School in Łódź as one of its best students despite having been rejected during entrance exams for three times. He debuted while he was still in film school in children's film Panienka z okienka in 1964...
(b. 1939), actorActorAn actor is a person who acts in a dramatic production and who works in film, television, theatre, or radio in that capacity... - Jerzy JanikowskiJerzy JanikowskiJerzy Janikowski was a Polish fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics.-References:...
(1952–2006), Olympic fencer - Sobieslaw ZasadaSobieslaw ZasadaSobiesław Zasada is a Polish former rally driver. He won the European Rally Championship in 1966, 1967, 1971 and was vice-champion in 1968, 1969, and 1972....
(b. 1930), rally driver, businessman
Etymology of Dąbrowa Górnicza
The place name "Dąbrowa", derived from the Polish word dąb (oakOak
An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus , of which about 600 species exist. "Oak" may also appear in the names of species in related genera, notably Lithocarpus...
), denotes an "oak grove", as the territory of the original village is believed to be covered by oak forests back in the early days of its existence. Since in the 19th century the settlement grew to be an important coal mining
Coal mining
The goal of coal mining is to obtain coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United States,...
center, its name was supplemented by the adjective
Adjective
In grammar, an adjective is a 'describing' word; the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified....
"Górnicza" ("mining") in 1919.