Dambyn Chagdarjav
Encyclopedia
Dambyn Chagdarjav was one of the “first seven” leaders of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party and was later prime minister of Mongolia’s provisional government from March to April 1921.
Province. Early in his career he was a private trader and in 1916-1917 he traveled to Great Britain, Italy and Russia.
in Niislel Hüree (present-day Ulaanbaatar
) . Together with Khorloogiin Choibalsan he formed the basic nucleus of the group which joined with Damdin Sükhbaatar's Züün Hüree organization in 1920 to form the Mongolian People's Party(MPP).
In 1920 Chagdrajav was one of seven revolutionaries chosen to travel to the USSR to request Soviet help in achieving Mongolia’s independence from China. Others included Sükhbaatar, Dogsom, Danzan, Bodoo, Choibalsan and Lama Loso. Chagdrajav traveled with Danzan to Moscow and was there received by Vladimir Lenin
. Later these names became known as “The First Seven” of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party.
While they were still in the Soviet Union, Mongolia was invaded by forces under Roman Ungern von Sternberg
in October 1920. After Ungern captured Niislel Hüree
in February 1921 a conference of the MPRP was organized in the city of Troitskosavsk from March 1-3. This later became known as the First Congress of the MPRP. There a party manifesto of “Ten Principles” was adopted which proclaimed that Mongolia wold join the communist movement.
) Bodoo then took over as both Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.
s that were to take place in Mongolia through the 1920s and 1930s.
Early life
Chagdarjav was born in 1880 in present-day SelengeSelenge
Selenge is a geographic name in Mongolia:* Selenge River in Mongolia * Selenge Province, an Aimag of Mongolia* Selenge, Bulgan, a Sum in the Bulgan aimag...
Province. Early in his career he was a private trader and in 1916-1917 he traveled to Great Britain, Italy and Russia.
Formation of the MPRP
In 1919 Chagdarjav joined the secret revolutionary organization at Konsulyn Denj (a.k.a. Consulate Hill) headed by Dogsomyn BodooDogsomyn Bodoo
Dogsomyn Bodoo was a Prime Minister of Mongolia from 1921 to 1922. He had been a lama before becoming a clerk and a founding member of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. He became Prime Minister of the provisional parliamentary state from April 16, 1921 to January 7, 1922...
in Niislel Hüree (present-day Ulaanbaatar
Ulaanbaatar
Ulan Bator or Ulaanbaatar is the capital and largest city of Mongolia. An independent municipality, the city is not part of any province, and its population as of 2008 is over one million....
) . Together with Khorloogiin Choibalsan he formed the basic nucleus of the group which joined with Damdin Sükhbaatar's Züün Hüree organization in 1920 to form the Mongolian People's Party(MPP).
In 1920 Chagdrajav was one of seven revolutionaries chosen to travel to the USSR to request Soviet help in achieving Mongolia’s independence from China. Others included Sükhbaatar, Dogsom, Danzan, Bodoo, Choibalsan and Lama Loso. Chagdrajav traveled with Danzan to Moscow and was there received by Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and communist politician who led the October Revolution of 1917. As leader of the Bolsheviks, he headed the Soviet state during its initial years , as it fought to establish control of Russia in the Russian Civil War and worked to create a...
. Later these names became known as “The First Seven” of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party.
While they were still in the Soviet Union, Mongolia was invaded by forces under Roman Ungern von Sternberg
Roman Ungern von Sternberg
Baron Roman Nikolai Maximilian von Ungern-Sternberg was a Russian Yesaul , Lieutenant-general, and a hero of World War I...
in October 1920. After Ungern captured Niislel Hüree
Ulaanbaatar
Ulan Bator or Ulaanbaatar is the capital and largest city of Mongolia. An independent municipality, the city is not part of any province, and its population as of 2008 is over one million....
in February 1921 a conference of the MPRP was organized in the city of Troitskosavsk from March 1-3. This later became known as the First Congress of the MPRP. There a party manifesto of “Ten Principles” was adopted which proclaimed that Mongolia wold join the communist movement.
Head of Provisional Government
A few days after the Congress, on March 13, 1921, the provisional People’s government of Mongolia, a government in absentia, was formed with Chagdarjav as Prime Minister. On April 16, 1921 he was released from his duties and sent as government representative to Urianhay (TuvaTuva
The Tyva Republic , or Tuva , is a federal subject of Russia . It lies in the geographical center of Asia, in southern Siberia. The republic borders with the Altai Republic, the Republic of Khakassia, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast, and the Republic of Buryatia in Russia and with Mongolia to the...
) Bodoo then took over as both Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.
Death
In 1922 Chagdarjav, along with Bodoo and four other former ministers was implicated in the charges of counterrevolution and plotting to overthrow the government. He was executed on August 31, 1922. Chagdarjav and Bodoo's deaths are generally viewed as the first of several political purgePurge
In history, religion, and political science, a purge is the removal of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, from another organization, or from society as a whole. Purges can be peaceful or violent; many will end with the imprisonment or exile of those purged,...
s that were to take place in Mongolia through the 1920s and 1930s.