Daqing
Encyclopedia
Daqing is a prefecture-level city
in the west of Heilongjiang
province of Northeast China
. The name literally means "Great Celebration".
Its population is 2,904,532 at the 2010 census whom 1,042,902 in the built up area made of 4 out of 5 urban districts (Sartu, Longfeng, Ranghulu and Honggang)
It was founded in 1959 to house workers extracting oil and gas from the Daqing oilfield and to host industries which could take advantage of the energy and petrochemicals. Since its foundation it has been advocated as a model of good practice in industry and healthcare by the Chinese government. The fact that Mao Zedong
promulgated his Supreme Directive, In industry, learn from Daqing, in the 1960s reflects how important a role Daqing has historically played in industry in China. The film Entrepreneurial Pioneers , made in the early 1970s, is a literary rendition of the history of Daqing. During the Mao era, Daqing's agricultural counterpart was Dazhai, a village in the hilly Xiyang county, Shanxi
Province, for which Chairman Mao issued the directive In agriculture, learn from Dazhai
, also in the 1960s.
, with a few population of other 31 minority ethnic groups including Manchu
, Mongolian
, Korean, and Hui
nationalities. The population density is 112.69/km², urban population density 205.07/km².
and the monsoon
resulted from the warm air mass of the ocean.
Generally, the winter is cold with occasional snowfalls, and spring and autumn are prevailed by monsoons. A shorter frost free period, and plenty of rainfall comes in step with the heat, all of which are good for crops and herbage. The yearly average temperature is 5.6 degrees Celsius with a summer average of 22 degrees Celsius, and 2658.1 hours of sunshine, 229 days free of frost in average. The daily difference in temperature can be up to 14 degrees Celsius during the growth period of crops.
and related industries. Daqing's oilfield is China's largest oilfield, and the world's fourth most productive oil field. Petroleum accounts for 60.8% of GDP. In 2008 Gross Domestic Product was RMB
222 billion yuan, while GDP Per capita RMB 80,092 (US$11,532), so Daqing is
ranked eighth by GDP per capita among 659 Chinese cities.
with: Calgary
, Canada Chungju
, North Chungcheong, South Korea Luhansk
, Ukraine Tyumen
, Russia
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in the west of Heilongjiang
Heilongjiang
For the river known in Mandarin as Heilong Jiang, see Amur River' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. "Heilongjiang" literally means Black Dragon River, which is the Chinese name for the Amur. The one-character abbreviation is 黑...
province of Northeast China
Northeast China
Northeast China, historically known in English as Manchuria, is a geographical region of China, consisting of the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. The region is sometimes called the Three Northeast Provinces...
. The name literally means "Great Celebration".
Its population is 2,904,532 at the 2010 census whom 1,042,902 in the built up area made of 4 out of 5 urban districts (Sartu, Longfeng, Ranghulu and Honggang)
It was founded in 1959 to house workers extracting oil and gas from the Daqing oilfield and to host industries which could take advantage of the energy and petrochemicals. Since its foundation it has been advocated as a model of good practice in industry and healthcare by the Chinese government. The fact that Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
promulgated his Supreme Directive, In industry, learn from Daqing, in the 1960s reflects how important a role Daqing has historically played in industry in China. The film Entrepreneurial Pioneers , made in the early 1970s, is a literary rendition of the history of Daqing. During the Mao era, Daqing's agricultural counterpart was Dazhai, a village in the hilly Xiyang county, Shanxi
Shanxi
' is a province in Northern China. Its one-character abbreviation is "晋" , after the state of Jin that existed here during the Spring and Autumn Period....
Province, for which Chairman Mao issued the directive In agriculture, learn from Dazhai
Learn from Dazhai in agriculture
The Learn from Dazhai in agriculture campaign was a campaign organised by Mao Zedong in the early 1960s. The campaign encouraged peasants from all over People's Republic of China to learn from the example of the farmers of Dazhai, Shanxi by practicing self-sacrifice and political...
, also in the 1960s.
Administrative divisions
Daqing is divided into 9 county-level divisions: 5 districts, 3 counties and 1 autonomous county.| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Sartu District Sartu District The district of Sartu is an administrative subdivision of the province of Heilongjiang, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Daqing.- External links : -... |
萨尔图区 | Sà'ěrtú Qū | 260,000 | 549 | 474 |
| 2 | Longfeng District Longfeng District Longfeng District is a district of the city of Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Daqing.- External links : -... |
龙凤区 | Lóngfèng Qū | 160,000 | 510 | 314 |
| 3 | Ranghulu District Ranghulu District The district of Ranghulu is an administrative subdivision of the province of Heilongjiang, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Daqing.- External links : -... |
让胡路区 | Rànghúlù Qū | 380,000 | 1,394 | 273 |
| 4 | Datong District Datong District, Daqing Datong District is a district of the city of Daqing, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.... |
大同区 | Dàtóng Qū | 250,000 | 2,235 | 112 |
| 5 | Honggang District Honggang District Honggang District is a district of the city of Daqing, Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China.- External links : -... |
红岗区 | Hónggǎng Qū | 130,000 | 812 | 160 |
| 6 | Zhaozhou County Zhaozhou County Zhaozhou County is a county of southwestern Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jilin province to the south. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Daqing.Lindian is well known for its thermal springs.... |
肇州县 | Zhàozhōu Xiàn | 440,000 | 2,445 | 180 |
| 7 | Zhaoyuan County Zhaoyuan County Zhaoyuan County is a county under charge of Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province. It has a land area of 4,198 square kilometers and a population of 450,000. The postal code is 166500... |
肇源县 | Zhàoyuán Xiàn | 450,000 | 4,198 | 107 |
| 8 | Lindian County Lindian County Lindian County is a county of roughly 10,000 inhabitants in the northeastern area of China, within the province Heilongjiang and in Daqing... |
林甸县 | Líndiàn Xiàn | 270,000 | 3,591 | 75 |
| 9 | Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County The Mongol Autonomous County of Dorbod is an administrative subdivision of the province of Heilongjiang, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Daqing.- Demographics :The population of the county was in 1999.... |
杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县 | Dù'ěrbótè Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | 250,000 | 6,427 | 39 |
Demographics
Daqing has a population of 2.58 million, urban population 901,840 of them mainly Han ChineseHan Chinese
Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to China and are the largest single ethnic group in the world.Han Chinese constitute about 92% of the population of the People's Republic of China , 98% of the population of the Republic of China , 78% of the population of Singapore, and about 20% of the...
, with a few population of other 31 minority ethnic groups including Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
, Mongolian
Mongols
Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia...
, Korean, and Hui
Hui people
The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's...
nationalities. The population density is 112.69/km², urban population density 205.07/km².
Climate
Located in the north temperate zone, Daqing belongs to the continental monsoon climate and is affected by the cold air mass from the inland of MongoliaMongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
and the monsoon
Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
resulted from the warm air mass of the ocean.
Generally, the winter is cold with occasional snowfalls, and spring and autumn are prevailed by monsoons. A shorter frost free period, and plenty of rainfall comes in step with the heat, all of which are good for crops and herbage. The yearly average temperature is 5.6 degrees Celsius with a summer average of 22 degrees Celsius, and 2658.1 hours of sunshine, 229 days free of frost in average. The daily difference in temperature can be up to 14 degrees Celsius during the growth period of crops.
Economy
Daqing's economy highly depends on petroleumPetroleum
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling...
and related industries. Daqing's oilfield is China's largest oilfield, and the world's fourth most productive oil field. Petroleum accounts for 60.8% of GDP. In 2008 Gross Domestic Product was RMB
Renminbi
The Renminbi is the official currency of the People's Republic of China . Renminbi is legal tender in mainland China, but not in Hong Kong or Macau. It is issued by the People's Bank of China, the monetary authority of the PRC...
222 billion yuan, while GDP Per capita RMB 80,092 (US$11,532), so Daqing is
ranked eighth by GDP per capita among 659 Chinese cities.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Daqing is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Calgary
Calgary
Calgary is a city in the Province of Alberta, Canada. It is located in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and prairie, approximately east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies...
, Canada Chungju
Chungju
Chungju is a city in North Chungcheong province, South Korea. Namsan is a mountain located on the outskirts of the city.The city is famous for the annual martial arts festival held in October. Also of note, UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon grew up here....
, North Chungcheong, South Korea Luhansk
Luhansk
Luhansk also known as Lugansk is a city in southeastern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Luhansk Oblast . The city itself is also designated as its own separate municipality within the oblast...
, Ukraine Tyumen
Tyumen
Tyumen is the largest city and the administrative center of Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located on the Tura River east of Moscow. Population: Tyumen is the oldest Russian settlement in Siberia. Founded in 16th century to support Russia's eastward expansion, the city has remained one of the most...
, Russia