Data signaling rate - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Telecommunication

Telecommunication is the transmission of information over significant distances to communicate. In earlier times, telecommunications involved the use of visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs, or audio messages via coded...

, data signaling rate (DSR), also known as gross bit rate, is the aggregate rate at which data

Data

The term data refers to qualitative or quantitative attributes of a variable or set of variables. Data are typically the results of measurements and can be the basis of graphs, images, or observations of a set of variables. Data are often viewed as the lowest level of abstraction from which...

pass a point in the transmission

Transmission (telecommunications)

Transmission, in telecommunications, is the process of sending, propagating and receiving an analogue or digital information signal over a physical point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium, either wired, optical fiber or wireless...

path

Data link

In telecommunication a data link is the means of connecting one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving information. It can also refer to a set of electronics assemblies, consisting of a transmitter and a receiver and the interconnecting data telecommunication circuit...

of a data transmission system

Transmission system

In telecommunications a transmission system is a system that transmits a signal from one place to another. The signal can be an electrical, optical or radio signal....

.

Notes:

The DSR is usually expressed in bits per second.
The data signaling rate is given by where m is the number of parallel channels, n_i is the number of significant conditions of the modulation
Modulation
In electronics and telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a high-frequency periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal which typically contains information to be transmitted...

in the i-th channel
Channel (communications)
In telecommunications and computer networking, a communication channel, or channel, refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel...

, and T_i is the unit interval
Unit interval (data transmission)
The unit interval is the minimum time interval between condition changes of a data transmission signal, also known as the symbol duration time....

, expressed in seconds, for the i-th channel.
For serial transmission in a single channel, the DSR reduces to (1/T)log₂n; with a two-condition modulation, i. e. n = 2, the DSR is 1/T, according to Hartley's law.
For parallel transmission with equal unit intervals and equal numbers of significant conditions on each channel, the DSR is (m/T)log₂ n; in the case of a two-condition modulation
Modulation
In electronics and telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a high-frequency periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal which typically contains information to be transmitted...

, this reduces to m/T.
The DSR may be expressed in bauds, in which case, the factor log₂n_i in the above summation formula should be deleted when calculating bauds.
In synchronous binary
Binary numeral system
The binary numeral system, or base-2 number system, represents numeric values using two symbols, 0 and 1. More specifically, the usual base-2 system is a positional notation with a radix of 2...

signaling, the DSR in bits per second may be numerically the same as the modulation rate expressed in bauds. Signal processors, such as four-phase
Phase (waves)
Phase in waves is the fraction of a wave cycle which has elapsed relative to an arbitrary point.-Formula:The phase of an oscillation or wave refers to a sinusoidal function such as the following:...

modems, cannot change the DSR, but the modulation rate depends on the line
Telephone line
A telephone line or telephone circuit is a single-user circuit on a telephone communication system...

modulation scheme, in accordance with Note 4. For example, in a 2400 bit/s 4-phase sending modem
Modem
A modem is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data...

, the signaling rate is 2400 bit/s on the serial
Serial communications
In telecommunication and computer science, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where several bits are sent as a whole, on a link with several parallel channels...

input side, but the modulation rate is only 1200 bauds on the 4-phase output side.

Transmission Data Rate Terminology

Data Rate	Abbreviation	Lower	Upper
Extremely Low Data Rate	ELDR	300 bit/s	3 kbit/s
Very Low Data Rate	VLDR	3 kbit/s	30 kbit/s
Low Data Rate	LDR	30 kbit/s	300 kbit/s
Medium Data Rate	MDR	300 kbit/s	3 Mbit/s
High Data Rate	HDR	3 Mbit/s	30 Mbit/s
Very High Data Rate	VHDR	30 Mbit/s	300 Mbit/s
Ultra High Data Rate	UHDR	300 Mbit/s	3 Gbit/s
Super High Data Rate	SHDR	3 Gbit/s	30 Gbit/s
Extremely High Data Rate	EHDR	30 Gbit/s	300 Gbit/s

Based upon proposal from davisnetworks.com. 1 Mbit/s is defined as 1,000,000 bits per second signal data rate (OSI Layer 1).

Data Rate and Standard

Data Rate	Standard
155 Mb/s	OC-3
622 Mb/s	OC-12
1063 Mb/s	Fibre Channel
1250 Mb/s	GbE
2125 Mb/s	2xFibre Channel
2488 Mb/s	OC-48
2500 Mb/s	2xGbE, infiniband
2666 Mb/s	OC-48(FEC)
3125 Mb/s	10 DbE LX-4
4250 Mb/s	4xFibre Channel
9.953 Gb/s	OC-192
10.3125 Gb/s	10 GbE
10.51875 Gb/s	10 G Fibre Channel
10.664 Gb/s	OC-192 (FEC)
10.709 Gb/s	OC-192 (ITU-T G.709)
11.100 Gb/s	10 GbE FEC
11.300 Gb/s	10 G Fibre Channel

Transmission Data Rate Terminology

Data Rate and Standard

See also