Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye
Encyclopedia
Nouradine Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye (born December 31, 1949) is a Chad
ian politician and the head of the National Rally for Development and Progress
(VIVA-RNDP) political party. After serving as a minister in the government during the 1980s and early 1990s; he was Prime Minister of Chad from November 6, 1993 to April 8, 1995 and again from February 26, 2007 to April 16, 2008. Since 2008, he has been the President of the Economic, Social and Cultural Council.
in southern Chad. From August 1975 to March 1979, he was Advisor for Administrative, Economic, and Financial Affairs at the Presidency of the Republic, and from January 1976 to June 1976 he was Director of the Technical Cabinet of the President of the Republic. He subsequently served in the government as Minister of Justice from June 1981 to May 1982 and became President of the Democratic and Popular National Rally (RNDP) on February 4, 1982.
As a judge, Koumakoye sentenced rebel leader Hissène Habré
to death; later, however, Koumakoye became Minister of Public Works, Housing, and Urban Planning under Habré's presidency in August 1987. He served in that post until April 1988; subsequently he was Minister of Justice from April 1988 to March 1989, Minister of Post and Telecommunications from March 1989 to October 1990, and Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research from October 1990 to December 1990.
Following Habré's ouster in December 1990, Koumakoye became President of the National Rally for Development and Progress (VIVA-RNDP) in January 1992, when it was founded. At the Sovereign National Conference in early 1993, he was a candidate to head the presidium but was defeated by Adoum Helbongo in a vote by delegates. Fidèle Moungar
was chosen as transitional Prime Minister at the National Conference and Koumakoye became a member of his government, serving as Minister of Communications and Government Spokesman from April 1993 to June 1993 and as Minister of Justice from June 1993 to November 1993. He was then elected by Superior Council of the Transition (Conseil Supérieur de Transition, CST) as Prime Minister on November 6, 1993, replacing Moungar. After being elected, Koumakoye announced plans to reduce the size of the army by almost half; he also hoped to reach a social pact with the trade unions and to hold talks with rebels aimed at national reconciliation, in addition to making preparations for the multiparty elections intended to conclude the transitional period. His government was appointed on November 14, and it included nine members of Moungar's government; despite the presence of some members of the opposition, Koumakoye's government was dominated by the Patriotic Salvation Movement
of President Idriss Déby
.
After Koumakoye indicated his intention to run for President in the planned elections, President Déby asked the CST to change the transitional charter so that the Prime Minister could not run, and the CST accordingly did so in late March 1995. On April 8, 1995, the CST removed Koumakoye from his post as Prime Minister and chose Koibla Djimasta
to replace him. In March 1996, Koumakoye was arrested for alleged illegal weapons possession and sentenced to three months in prison; according to Amnesty International
, the trial was unfair and apparently intended to keep Koumakoye from contesting the election. In the presidential election
, held in June 1996, he was nevertheless a candidate and received 2.29% of the vote, placing ninth.
He ran again in the May 2001 presidential election
, taking 2.36% of the vote and sixth place. Koumakoye's primary support base is in Tandjilé
in the south.
In the 2002 parliamentary election
, Koumakoye was elected to the National Assembly of Chad
as an VIVA-RNDP candidate from Kélo
constituency in Tandjilé Ouest Department
. and he became President of the External Affairs and International Cooperation Commission in the National Assembly. From March 2004 to August 2006, he was a member of the Pan-African Parliament
. In the presidential election
held on May 3, 2006, which was boycotted by most of the opposition, Koumakoye came in second place with 15.13% of the vote according to final official results, far behind Déby; this was, however, a significant improvement over the 8% of the vote credited to him in the provisional results. On May 29, shortly after the final results were announced, he congratulated Déby on winning the election.
On August 15, 2006, Koumakoye was appointed to the government as Minister of State for Regional Planning, Town Planning, and Housing, serving in that position until he was appointed as Prime Minister for the second time on February 26, 2007, a few days after the death of Pascal Yoadimnadji
.
On April 15, 2008, Youssouf Abbas Saleh was appointed to replace Koumakoye as Prime Minister. It was reported that Koumakoye was dismissed because he opposed the implementation of the agreement signed by political parties of the ruling majority and the opposition in August 2007; this agreement involves a number of reforms and is intended to lead to a new parliamentary election
in 2009. Déby then appointed Koumakoye as a member of the Economic, Social and Cultural Council on April 24, 2008, and Koumakoye became the Council's President.
Chad
Chad , officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west...
ian politician and the head of the National Rally for Development and Progress
National Rally for Development and Progress
The National Rally for Development and Progress is a political party in Chad, led by Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye. It was founded in early 1992, with Koumakoye as its President....
(VIVA-RNDP) political party. After serving as a minister in the government during the 1980s and early 1990s; he was Prime Minister of Chad from November 6, 1993 to April 8, 1995 and again from February 26, 2007 to April 16, 2008. Since 2008, he has been the President of the Economic, Social and Cultural Council.
Biography
Koumakoye was born in BongorBongor
Bongor is a city in Chad, the capital of the region of Mayo-Kebbi Est. It is located on the eastern bank of the Logone River. During the rainy season , the Logone is navigable between Bongor and N'Djamena, Chad's capital...
in southern Chad. From August 1975 to March 1979, he was Advisor for Administrative, Economic, and Financial Affairs at the Presidency of the Republic, and from January 1976 to June 1976 he was Director of the Technical Cabinet of the President of the Republic. He subsequently served in the government as Minister of Justice from June 1981 to May 1982 and became President of the Democratic and Popular National Rally (RNDP) on February 4, 1982.
As a judge, Koumakoye sentenced rebel leader Hissène Habré
Hissène Habré
Hissène Habré , also spelled Hissen Habré, was the leader of Chad from 1982 until he was deposed in 1990.-Early life:...
to death; later, however, Koumakoye became Minister of Public Works, Housing, and Urban Planning under Habré's presidency in August 1987. He served in that post until April 1988; subsequently he was Minister of Justice from April 1988 to March 1989, Minister of Post and Telecommunications from March 1989 to October 1990, and Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research from October 1990 to December 1990.
Following Habré's ouster in December 1990, Koumakoye became President of the National Rally for Development and Progress (VIVA-RNDP) in January 1992, when it was founded. At the Sovereign National Conference in early 1993, he was a candidate to head the presidium but was defeated by Adoum Helbongo in a vote by delegates. Fidèle Moungar
Fidèle Moungar
Fidèle Abdelkérim Moungar is a Chadian doctor and a veteran politician who served as Prime Minister of Chad in 1993. He is currently Secretary-General of Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism , a left-wing opposition party....
was chosen as transitional Prime Minister at the National Conference and Koumakoye became a member of his government, serving as Minister of Communications and Government Spokesman from April 1993 to June 1993 and as Minister of Justice from June 1993 to November 1993. He was then elected by Superior Council of the Transition (Conseil Supérieur de Transition, CST) as Prime Minister on November 6, 1993, replacing Moungar. After being elected, Koumakoye announced plans to reduce the size of the army by almost half; he also hoped to reach a social pact with the trade unions and to hold talks with rebels aimed at national reconciliation, in addition to making preparations for the multiparty elections intended to conclude the transitional period. His government was appointed on November 14, and it included nine members of Moungar's government; despite the presence of some members of the opposition, Koumakoye's government was dominated by the Patriotic Salvation Movement
Patriotic Salvation Movement
The Patriotic Salvation Movement is the ruling political party in Chad.After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the April 1 Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing...
of President Idriss Déby
Idriss Déby
General Idriss Déby Itno is the President of Chad and the head of the Patriotic Salvation Movement. Déby is of the Bidyat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. He added "Itno" to his surname in January 2006.-Rise to power:...
.
After Koumakoye indicated his intention to run for President in the planned elections, President Déby asked the CST to change the transitional charter so that the Prime Minister could not run, and the CST accordingly did so in late March 1995. On April 8, 1995, the CST removed Koumakoye from his post as Prime Minister and chose Koibla Djimasta
Koibla Djimasta
Koibla Djimasta was a Chadian politician of Sara ethnicity from the southern Chari-Baguirmi Prefecture.An administrator, Djimasta held various cabinet positions under Presidents Hissène Habré and Idriss Déby, beginning with his appointment as Minister of Health and Social Affairs in the cabinet...
to replace him. In March 1996, Koumakoye was arrested for alleged illegal weapons possession and sentenced to three months in prison; according to Amnesty International
Amnesty International
Amnesty International is an international non-governmental organisation whose stated mission is "to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave abuses of human rights, and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated."Following a publication of Peter Benenson's...
, the trial was unfair and apparently intended to keep Koumakoye from contesting the election. In the presidential election
Chadian presidential election, 1996
Presidential election were held in Chad on 2 June 1996, with a second round on 3 July. This was the first multiparty presidential election in the history of Chad since its independence. It occurred at the end of a long transitional process and was repeatedly delayed...
, held in June 1996, he was nevertheless a candidate and received 2.29% of the vote, placing ninth.
He ran again in the May 2001 presidential election
Chadian presidential election, 2001
A presential election was held in Chad on May 20, 2001. President Idriss Déby stood as a candidate for a second term. He obtained the support of a former opponent, Lol Mahamat Choua, leader of the Rally for Democracy and Progress ....
, taking 2.36% of the vote and sixth place. Koumakoye's primary support base is in Tandjilé
Tandjilé
Tandjilé may refer to:* Tandjilé Prefecture - one of the 14 prefectures of Chad.* Tandjilé Region - one of the 18 regions of Chad....
in the south.
In the 2002 parliamentary election
Chadian parliamentary election, 2002
The Chadian parliamentary election of 2002 was the second multi-party parliamentary election since the independence of Chad, and came after the normal expiry of the mandate of the National Assembly's deputies...
, Koumakoye was elected to the National Assembly of Chad
National Assembly of Chad
The National Assembly is the parliament of Chad. It has 155 members, elected for a four year term in 25 single-member constituencies and 34 multi-member constituencies.-See also:*List of Presidents of the National Assembly of Chad...
as an VIVA-RNDP candidate from Kélo
Kélo
Kélo is a city in southwest Chad, its fifth largest city by population. It is also the capital of the department of Tandjile Ouest....
constituency in Tandjilé Ouest Department
Tandjilé Ouest
Tandjilé Ouest is one of two departments in Tandjilé, a region of Chad. Its capital is Kélo....
. and he became President of the External Affairs and International Cooperation Commission in the National Assembly. From March 2004 to August 2006, he was a member of the Pan-African Parliament
Pan-African Parliament
The Pan-African Parliament , also known as the African Parliament, is the legislative body of the African Union and held its inaugural session in March 2004. The PAP exercises oversight, and has advisory and consultative powers, lasting for the first five years...
. In the presidential election
Chadian presidential election, 2006
A presidential election took place in Chad on May 3, 2006. A 2005 constitutional referendum made it possible for President Idriss Déby to run for a third term; having come to power in December 1990, he previously won elections in 1996 and 2001...
held on May 3, 2006, which was boycotted by most of the opposition, Koumakoye came in second place with 15.13% of the vote according to final official results, far behind Déby; this was, however, a significant improvement over the 8% of the vote credited to him in the provisional results. On May 29, shortly after the final results were announced, he congratulated Déby on winning the election.
On August 15, 2006, Koumakoye was appointed to the government as Minister of State for Regional Planning, Town Planning, and Housing, serving in that position until he was appointed as Prime Minister for the second time on February 26, 2007, a few days after the death of Pascal Yoadimnadji
Pascal Yoadimnadji
Pascal Yoadimnadji served as the Prime Minister of Chad from February 2005 to February 2007.-Biography:Yoadimnadji was born in Béboto in the Logone Oriental Region of southern Chad...
.
On April 15, 2008, Youssouf Abbas Saleh was appointed to replace Koumakoye as Prime Minister. It was reported that Koumakoye was dismissed because he opposed the implementation of the agreement signed by political parties of the ruling majority and the opposition in August 2007; this agreement involves a number of reforms and is intended to lead to a new parliamentary election
Chadian parliamentary election, 2009
A parliamentary election was held in Chad on Sunday, 13 February 2011; it was the first such election since 2002. The administration of President Idriss Déby has been in power since 1990...
in 2009. Déby then appointed Koumakoye as a member of the Economic, Social and Cultural Council on April 24, 2008, and Koumakoye became the Council's President.