Demand factor
Encyclopedia
In telecommunication
, electronics
and the electrical power industry
, the term demand factor has the following meanings:
1. The ratio of (a) the maximum real power
consumed by a system
to (b) the maximum real power that would be consumed if the entire load connected to the system were to be activated at the same time
.
Note: The maximum real power is usually integrated over a specified time interval, such as 15 or 30 minutes, and is usually expressed in kilowatts. The real power that would be consumed if the entire load connected to the system were to be activated at the same time is obtained by summing the power required by all the connected equipment. This load is expressed in kilowatts if the consumed real power is expressed in kilowatts.
2. The ratio of (a) the maximum power, integrated over a specified time interval, such as 15 or 30 minutes, and usually expressed in kilowatts, consumed by a system
, to (b) the maximum volt-amperes, expressed in kilovolt-amperes if the power
is expressed in kilowatts, integrated over a time
interval of the same duration, though not necessarily during the same interval.
Charges for electrical power may be based on the demand factor as well as the kilowatt-hours of electrical energy consumed, to take account of reactive power.
Telecommunication
Telecommunication is the transmission of information over significant distances to communicate. In earlier times, telecommunications involved the use of visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs, or audio messages via coded...
, electronics
Electronics
Electronics is the branch of science, engineering and technology that deals with electrical circuits involving active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies...
and the electrical power industry
Electrical power industry
The electric power industry provides the production and delivery of electric energy, often known as power, or electricity, in sufficient quantities to areas that need electricity through a grid connection. The grid distributes electrical energy to customers...
, the term demand factor has the following meanings:
1. The ratio of (a) the maximum real power
Electric power
Electric power is the rate at which electric energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt.-Circuits:Electric power, like mechanical power, is represented by the letter P in electrical equations...
consumed by a system
System
System is a set of interacting or interdependent components forming an integrated whole....
to (b) the maximum real power that would be consumed if the entire load connected to the system were to be activated at the same time
Time
Time is a part of the measuring system used to sequence events, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them, and to quantify rates of change such as the motions of objects....
.
Note: The maximum real power is usually integrated over a specified time interval, such as 15 or 30 minutes, and is usually expressed in kilowatts. The real power that would be consumed if the entire load connected to the system were to be activated at the same time is obtained by summing the power required by all the connected equipment. This load is expressed in kilowatts if the consumed real power is expressed in kilowatts.
2. The ratio of (a) the maximum power, integrated over a specified time interval, such as 15 or 30 minutes, and usually expressed in kilowatts, consumed by a system
System
System is a set of interacting or interdependent components forming an integrated whole....
, to (b) the maximum volt-amperes, expressed in kilovolt-amperes if the power
Power (physics)
In physics, power is the rate at which energy is transferred, used, or transformed. For example, the rate at which a light bulb transforms electrical energy into heat and light is measured in watts—the more wattage, the more power, or equivalently the more electrical energy is used per unit...
is expressed in kilowatts, integrated over a time
Time
Time is a part of the measuring system used to sequence events, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them, and to quantify rates of change such as the motions of objects....
interval of the same duration, though not necessarily during the same interval.
Charges for electrical power may be based on the demand factor as well as the kilowatt-hours of electrical energy consumed, to take account of reactive power.