Denmark – Kazakhstan relations refers to the current and historical relations

Bilateralism

Bilateralism consists of the political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states. For example, free trade agreements signed by two states are examples of bilateral treaties. It is in contrast to unilateralism or multilateralism, which refers to the conduct of diplomacy by a...

 between Denmark

Denmark

Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...

 and Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...

. Denmark recognized Kazakhstan on December 31, 1991 and diplomatic relations were established on May 6, 1992. Neither country has a resident ambassador. Kazakhstan's ambassador

Ambassador

An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....

 to the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 is accredited to Denmark. Since 2005, the honorary consul of Denmark is Per Karlsen, with the residency in Moscow

Moscow

Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...

. Denmark opened a trade mission

Trade mission

Trade mission is an international trip by government officials and businesspeople that is organized by agencies of national or provincial governments for purpose of exploring international business opportunities. Business people who attend trade missions are typically introduced both to important...

 in Almaty

Almaty

Almaty , also known by its former names Verny and Alma-Ata , is the former capital of Kazakhstan and the nation's largest city, with a population of 1,348,500...

 in 2005.

Political relations

In 2000 an important boost to the development of bilateral relations was provided by an official visit to Denmark from President Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev has served as the President of Kazakhstan since the nation received its independence in 1991, after the fall of the Soviet Union...

 where he met with Queen Margrethe II and with Prime-Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen

Poul Nyrup Rasmussen

Poul Nyrup Rasmussen , informally Poul Nyrup, born 15 June 1943), was Prime Minister of Denmark from 25 January 1993 to 27 November 2001 and is currently President of the Party of European Socialists . He was the leader of the governing Social Democrats from 1992 to 2002...

. On 9 June 2010, Kazakhstan’s Secretary of State and Foreign Minister Kanat Saudabayev

Kanat Saudabayev

Kanat Bekmyrzayevich Saudabayev is a Kazakhstani politician who was born next to Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan in 1946. Saudabayev has served as the Secretary of State of the Republic of Kazakhstan since 15 May 2007...

 visited Denmark to talk with the Danish Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Lene Espersen

Lene Espersen

Lene Espersen is a Danish politician and member of parliament who has been Danish Minister of Foreign Affairs since 23 February 2010 and was leader of the Conservative People's Party and Deputy Prime Minister from 9 September 2008 to 13 January 2011...

.

Trade

From 1993 to 2003, Denmark invested approximately $1.7 million in the Kazakhstan's economy

Economy of Kazakhstan

The economy of Kazakhstan is the largest economy in Central Asia. It possesses enormous fossil fuel reserves as well as minerals and metals. It also has considerable agricultural potential with its vast steppe lands accommodating both livestock and grain production, as well as developed space...

. Denmark's export to Kazakhstan between 2004 and 2008 rose from 253 million, to 488 million DKK. But in 2009 it decreased to 297 million DKK. Danish import in 2009 was 247 million DKK. Kazakhstan exports mineral products, production of chemical industry

Chemical industry

The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, it converts raw materials into more than 70,000 different products.-Products:...

, cars, and production of food industry to Denmark.

Cooperation

In 2007, FLSmidth

FLSmidth

FLSmidth & Co. A/S is a global engineering company based in Copenhagen, Denmark. Employing about 11,300 people worldwide, it provides the global cement and mineral industries with plants, machinery, services and know-how. FLSmidth is listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange and has offices in more...

 signed a contract with about 670 million DKK for the supply of a cement plant in Kokshetau

Kokshetau

Kokshetau , formerly known as Kokchetav is the administrative center of Akmola Province, northern Kazakhstan. It has a population of 125,225 .-Geography:Astana, the new capital of Kazakhstan, is distant 1245 km south-eastwards...

, which is partly owned by the Kazakh company East Energy Company. There are a number of Danish companies operating in Kazakhstan, primarily in the fields of energy

Energy

In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems...

, pharmaceuticals and manufacturing

Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...

. Bilateral relations are also further developed through the activity of "Tengiz-Chevroil Operating" consortium

Consortium

A consortium is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations or governments with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal....

 and also Karachaganak and North Caspian projects.
In 1994, an international delegation, including Danes, visited the Aral Sea

Aral Sea

The Aral Sea was a lake that lay between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south...

 in Kazakhstan, and in 1995 Aral fishery community leaders visit Denmark and signed a protocol of common aims.

Danish company Maersk Oil

Maersk Oil

Maersk Oil is a Danish oil and gas company owned by the A. P. Moller-Maersk Group. The company was established in 1962 when Maersk Group was awarded a concession for oil and gas exploration and production in the Danish sector of the North Sea...

 owns 60% of shares in the Dunga field and owned a 60% share in the Saigak field (which it sold in 2010). The oil production was 9,000 barrels per day in 2009.

Baltic Beverages Holding

Baltic Beverages Holding

Baltic Beverages Holding is a brewing company owned by Carlsberg Group. It is a significant operator in the brewing industry in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic countries and Kazakhstan, most notably holding a controlling stake in Baltika Breweries...

 bought in 2002, 76% interest in the Kazakh brewery Irbis

Irbis

Irbis may refer to:*Russian for Snow Leopard*one of the Khazar rulers of the Ashina dynasty*the Kazakh airline Irbis Air...

, and 45 million euros has been invested. 800,000 hectolitres of beer have been produced.