Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt)
Encyclopedia
The Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) is a German Agency (WASt) based in Berlin
which maintains records of members of the former German Wehrmacht
who were killed in action. Formerly called the Wehrmachtsauskunftstelle this agency also provides information about the fate of foreign and German soldiers as well as prisoners of war in Germany. This kind of information is used for civil proceedings as well as an official register of war graves.
(which related to the treatment of prisoners of war from July, 27 1929).
The text of Article 77 is as follows:
The Detaining Powers shall provide all facilities for the transmission, through the Protecting Power or the Central Prisoners of War Agency provided for in Article 123, of instruments, papers or documents intended for prisoners of war or despatched by them, especially powers of attorney and wills.
In all cases they shall facilitate the preparation and execution of such documents on behalf of prisoners of war; in particular, they shall allow them to consult a lawyer and shall take what measures are necessary for the authentication of their signatures.
, the other part moved to Meiningen
in Thuringia. It was put under the American Military Authority on April, 12 1945, after their occupation of Thuringia. The American forces moved WASt on July 1, 1945 to Fürstenhagen near Kassel, shortly before the Soviet Army moved in.
In January 1946, the archive was relocated to Berlin and renamed the Deutsche Dienststelle. On June 14, 1946, the Allied Control Council
devolved some of its role to the French Military Commission.
The Federal Government of Germany and Land Berlin agreed on January 9, 1951, to rename WASt as Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) für die Benachrichtigung der nächsten Angehörigen von Gefallenen der ehemaligen deutschen Wehrmacht and made it part of the administration of Land Berlin. WASt now is located in Berlin in the Wittenau
quarter in the district of Reinickendorf
. Its address is Eichborndamm 179.
In December 1990, it received documents originating from the Potsdam military archive and from the GDR state archive in Dornburg near Zerbst/Anhalt.
WASt's archives were swelled by further documents from various former army, marine and other archives about casualties, prisoners of war etc. WASt has now also become an important source for scientific research.
1) Alphabetical central data file
2) Prisoners of war
3) Marines/Naval forces
4) War cemeteries
5) Identification tags
6) Further external inquiries
7) Written notices.
s in the German Armed Forces (Wehrmacht) could be identified by this agency.
Berlin
. Nowadays, enquiries are often still fruitful; for example, the German War Graves Commission
relies in its search for unknown German war graves, among others, on information obtained from them. It also can provide proof of German descent for would-be immigrants looking to resettle from abroad (e.g. from Poland), as establishing a link to an ancestor who served in the German Armed Forces can provide this.
War children
whose fathers were German soldiers or German Prisoners of War can also contact the Agency to research the history of their German fathers who were killed, are listed as missing, or no longer traceable. Such enquiries to WASt derive mainly from France, Norway, Denmark, The Netherlands, and from Finland. In terms of numbers, there are about 500 enquiries per year from war children born in, or slightly after, World War II, with around 110 per year alone from France. This research is often undertaken as part of a genealogical search for their origins, their unknown procreator and relates to those soldiers who were declared missing, killed in action or untraceable. WASt can also conduct inquiries for the German families of former German soldiers, for example, to find out if a French war child is searching for their father.
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
which maintains records of members of the former German Wehrmacht
Wehrmacht
The Wehrmacht – from , to defend and , the might/power) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the Heer , the Kriegsmarine and the Luftwaffe .-Origin and use of the term:...
who were killed in action. Formerly called the Wehrmachtsauskunftstelle this agency also provides information about the fate of foreign and German soldiers as well as prisoners of war in Germany. This kind of information is used for civil proceedings as well as an official register of war graves.
History
It started its work on August 26, 1939 under the name of Wehrmachtsauskunftstelle für Kriegerverluste und Kriegsgefangene (WASt), as part of the Wehrmacht, under the auspices of Article No. 77 of the Third Geneva ConventionThird Geneva Convention
The Third Geneva Convention, relative to the treatment of prisoners of war, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was first adopted in 1929, but was significantly updated in 1949...
(which related to the treatment of prisoners of war from July, 27 1929).
The text of Article 77 is as follows:
The Detaining Powers shall provide all facilities for the transmission, through the Protecting Power or the Central Prisoners of War Agency provided for in Article 123, of instruments, papers or documents intended for prisoners of war or despatched by them, especially powers of attorney and wills.
In all cases they shall facilitate the preparation and execution of such documents on behalf of prisoners of war; in particular, they shall allow them to consult a lawyer and shall take what measures are necessary for the authentication of their signatures.
Headquarters moved several times
In August 1943, archives were divided in two parts. One part of the WASt was transferred to Saalfeld/Saale in ThuringiaThuringia
The Free State of Thuringia is a state of Germany, located in the central part of the country.It has an area of and 2.29 million inhabitants, making it the sixth smallest by area and the fifth smallest by population of Germany's sixteen states....
, the other part moved to Meiningen
Meiningen
Meiningen is a town in Germany - located in the southern part of the state of Thuringia and is the district seat of Schmalkalden-Meiningen. It is situated on the river Werra....
in Thuringia. It was put under the American Military Authority on April, 12 1945, after their occupation of Thuringia. The American forces moved WASt on July 1, 1945 to Fürstenhagen near Kassel, shortly before the Soviet Army moved in.
In January 1946, the archive was relocated to Berlin and renamed the Deutsche Dienststelle. On June 14, 1946, the Allied Control Council
Allied Control Council
The Allied Control Council or Allied Control Authority, known in the German language as the Alliierter Kontrollrat and also referred to as the Four Powers , was a military occupation governing body of the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany after the end of World War II in Europe...
devolved some of its role to the French Military Commission.
The Federal Government of Germany and Land Berlin agreed on January 9, 1951, to rename WASt as Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) für die Benachrichtigung der nächsten Angehörigen von Gefallenen der ehemaligen deutschen Wehrmacht and made it part of the administration of Land Berlin. WASt now is located in Berlin in the Wittenau
Wittenau
Wittenau is a German locality within the borough of Reinickendorf, Berlin.-History:Originally named Dalldorf it was first mentioned in 1332...
quarter in the district of Reinickendorf
Reinickendorf
Reinickendorf is the twelfth borough of Berlin. It encompasses the northwest of the city area, including the Berlin-Tegel Airport, Lake Tegel, spacious settlements of detached houses as well as housing estates like Märkisches Viertel.-Subdivision:...
. Its address is Eichborndamm 179.
Data from further archives
WASt integrated in the post-war period documents from other military and paramilitary archives.In December 1990, it received documents originating from the Potsdam military archive and from the GDR state archive in Dornburg near Zerbst/Anhalt.
WASt's archives were swelled by further documents from various former army, marine and other archives about casualties, prisoners of war etc. WASt has now also become an important source for scientific research.
Existing files
The French author Laurent Guillet, a native resident of Brittany, has conducted research into his main interest area of Franco-German history during World War II. He has listed some important documents which are part of the archives of WASt. This information is recorded below to further assist potential users of WASt.Combatants
- WASt maintain a registry in alphabetical order of more than 18 million military and paramilitary participants of World War II.
Land and Air Forces
- It has 100 million personal data records about transfers of World War II soldiers and airmen and their identity discs.
- It has 5 million personal documents, e. g. service record books, from soldiers of land and air forces of World War II.
Marines
- The archive has 2 million personal files for naval personnel and minesweeping personnel in the period 1871 - 1947.
War graves
- There are about 150 million statements concerning casualties from the "Wehrmacht" and other military groups during World War II.
- A central war graves file for 900,000 casualties of World War I and more than 3 million casualties of World War II.
Prisoners of war
- 15 million personal data files concerning German, Austrian and their allied soldiers, who were captured in the course of World War II by French, American or British troops. There are also discharge documents of prisoners of war coming back from post-war captivity in the Soviet Union.
- Another 1.5 million files still existing from foreign soldiers who were captured by German forces.
Role of the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt)
Requests directed to WASt will pass through, according to the wishes of the individual,the following stages:1) Alphabetical central data file
2) Prisoners of war
3) Marines/Naval forces
4) War cemeteries
5) Identification tags
6) Further external inquiries
7) Written notices.
The Past
Formerly, WASt was tasked with searching for proper documents in order to evaluate old age pensions for German soldiers or their family members who had been left behind. On the other hand, persons who committed war crimeWar crime
War crimes are serious violations of the laws applicable in armed conflict giving rise to individual criminal responsibility...
s in the German Armed Forces (Wehrmacht) could be identified by this agency.
Future
Today, the Agency is called the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and is part of the administration of BundeslandStates of Germany
Germany is made up of sixteen which are partly sovereign constituent states of the Federal Republic of Germany. Land literally translates as "country", and constitutionally speaking, they are constituent countries...
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. Nowadays, enquiries are often still fruitful; for example, the German War Graves Commission
German War Graves Commission
The German War Graves Commission is responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of German war graves in Europe and North Africa...
relies in its search for unknown German war graves, among others, on information obtained from them. It also can provide proof of German descent for would-be immigrants looking to resettle from abroad (e.g. from Poland), as establishing a link to an ancestor who served in the German Armed Forces can provide this.
War children
War children
A war child refers to a child born to a native parent and a parent belonging to a foreign military force . It also refers to children of parents collaborating with an occupying force...
whose fathers were German soldiers or German Prisoners of War can also contact the Agency to research the history of their German fathers who were killed, are listed as missing, or no longer traceable. Such enquiries to WASt derive mainly from France, Norway, Denmark, The Netherlands, and from Finland. In terms of numbers, there are about 500 enquiries per year from war children born in, or slightly after, World War II, with around 110 per year alone from France. This research is often undertaken as part of a genealogical search for their origins, their unknown procreator and relates to those soldiers who were declared missing, killed in action or untraceable. WASt can also conduct inquiries for the German families of former German soldiers, for example, to find out if a French war child is searching for their father.
External links
- (en) Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) - German Agency (WASt) - registering members of the former German Wehrmacht who were killed in action
- (de) Lexikon der Wehrmacht: Sie suchen einen Verwandten? (Addresses to search for German soldiers of World War II)
Literature
- (fr) Laurent Guillet: La WASt. In: Amicale Nationale des Enfants de la Guerre (Hrsg.): Des fleurs sur les cailloux. Editions Laurent Guillet 2010, p. 233 - 235.