Deutsche Einheitskurzschrift
Encyclopedia
Deutsche Einheitskurzschrift (German Unified Shorthand) is a German
stenography system. The original version was officially introduced in 1924. In 1936 and 1968, revised versions were introduced. Since the 1968 reform the shorthand is written in three levels: Verkehrsschrift, Eilschrift and Redeschrift (business script, speed script, and speech script). (These terms, however, were used already some years before that.) Verkehrsschrift can be produced at a rate of 100 to 120 Syllable
s per minute
. Eilschrift and particularly Redeschrift employ contraction
s and other simplifications to a far greater extent, making rates of up to 475 syllables per minute possible.
The latest reform of the Einheitskurzschrift was concluded in Vienna
in 1962 after many years of work, and officially introduced into the German educational system in Mainz
in 1968 by the German Kultusministerkonferenz
(state conference on education and media) as the Wiener Urkunde ('Vienna Document') titled Systemurkunde der Deutschen Einheitskurzschrift – Wiener Urkunde – vom 1. August 1968. This may be considered largely the brainchild of Georg Paucker, who (as representative of the German Confederation of Trade Unions
) applied himself particularly to the reform negotiations regarding Verkehrsschrift.
There have sometimes been different efforts to create simpler shorthand systems which can be learned in a shorter time. One of these alternative systems is Stiefografie
.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
stenography system. The original version was officially introduced in 1924. In 1936 and 1968, revised versions were introduced. Since the 1968 reform the shorthand is written in three levels: Verkehrsschrift, Eilschrift and Redeschrift (business script, speed script, and speech script). (These terms, however, were used already some years before that.) Verkehrsschrift can be produced at a rate of 100 to 120 Syllable
Syllable
A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds. For example, the word water is composed of two syllables: wa and ter. A syllable is typically made up of a syllable nucleus with optional initial and final margins .Syllables are often considered the phonological "building...
s per minute
Minute
A minute is a unit of measurement of time or of angle. The minute is a unit of time equal to 1/60th of an hour or 60 seconds. In the UTC time scale, a minute on rare occasions has 59 or 61 seconds; see leap second. The minute is not an SI unit; however, it is accepted for use with SI units...
. Eilschrift and particularly Redeschrift employ contraction
Contraction (grammar)
A contraction is a shortened version of the written and spoken forms of a word, syllable, or word group, created by omission of internal letters....
s and other simplifications to a far greater extent, making rates of up to 475 syllables per minute possible.
The latest reform of the Einheitskurzschrift was concluded in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
in 1962 after many years of work, and officially introduced into the German educational system in Mainz
Mainz
Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine and formed part of the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire...
in 1968 by the German Kultusministerkonferenz
Kultusministerkonferenz
The Kultusministerkonferenz is the assembly of ministers for education of each Bundesland state in Germany...
(state conference on education and media) as the Wiener Urkunde ('Vienna Document') titled Systemurkunde der Deutschen Einheitskurzschrift – Wiener Urkunde – vom 1. August 1968. This may be considered largely the brainchild of Georg Paucker, who (as representative of the German Confederation of Trade Unions
German Confederation of Trade Unions
The Confederation of German Trade Unions is an umbrella organisation for eight German trade unions, in total representing more than 7 million people . It was founded in Munich, 12 October 1949.The DGB coordinates joint demands and activities within the German trade union movement...
) applied himself particularly to the reform negotiations regarding Verkehrsschrift.
There have sometimes been different efforts to create simpler shorthand systems which can be learned in a shorter time. One of these alternative systems is Stiefografie
Stiefografie
Stiefografie, also called Stiefo or Rationelle Stenografie , is a German shorthand system. It was invented by Helmut Stief , a German press and parliamentary stenographer, and first published in 1966....
.
External links (German language pages)
- Wiener Urkunde
- Comparison of Deutsche Einheitskurzschrift with the shorthand system Stiefografie
- Stenografenverein Buer e. V.
- Bundesjugend für Computer, Kurzschrift und Medien (vormals Deutsche Stenografenjugend)
- Deutscher Stenografenbund e. V.
- Stenografenverein Berlin 1949 e. V.
- Stenografenverein Regensburg 1864 e.V.