Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and cause of anything. Diagnosis is used in many different disciplines with variations in the use of logics, analytics

Analytics

Analytics is the application of computer technology, operational research, and statistics to solve problems in business and industry. Analytics is carried out within an information system: while, in the past, statistics and mathematics could be studied without computers and software, analytics has...

, and experience

Experience

Experience as a general concept comprises knowledge of or skill in or observation of some thing or some event gained through involvement in or exposure to that thing or event....

 to determine the cause and effect

Causality

Causality is the relationship between an event and a second event , where the second event is understood as a consequence of the first....

relationships. In systems engineering

Systems engineering

Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how complex engineering projects should be designed and managed over the life cycle of the project. Issues such as logistics, the coordination of different teams, and automatic control of machinery become more...

 and computer science

Computer science

Computer science or computing science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems...

, diagnosis is typically used to determine the causes of symptoms, mitigations for problems, and solutions to issues.

Computer science and networking

• Bayesian network
• belief network
• complex event processing
  Complex Event Processing
  Complex event processing consists of processing many events happening across all the layers of an organization, identifying the most meaningful events within the event cloud, analyzing their impact, and taking subsequent action in real time....
  
  
• diagnosis in artificial intelligence
  Diagnosis (artificial intelligence)
  As a subfield in artificial intelligence, Diagnosis is concerned with the development of algorithms and techniques that are able to determine whether the behaviour of a system is correct. If the system is not functioning correctly, the algorithm should be able to determine, as accurately as...
  
  
• event correlation
  Event Correlation
  Event correlation is a technique for making sense of a large number of events and pinpointing the few events that are really important in that mass of information.-History:...
  
  
• fault management (network management)
  Fault management
  In network management, fault management is the set of functions that detect, isolate, and correct malfunctions in a telecommunications network, compensate for environmental changes, and include maintaining and examining error logs, accepting and acting on error detection notifications, tracing and...
  
  
• fault tree analysis
  Fault tree analysis
  Fault tree analysis is a top down, deductive failure analysis in which an undesired state of a system is analyzed using boolean logic to combine a series of lower-level events...
  
  
• Grey problem
  Grey problem
  Grey problem is a term for an IT problem where the causing technology is unknown or unconfirmed. Common grey problems are:* Intermittent errors;* Intermittent incorrect output, or;* Transient performance problems....
  
  
• Rapid Problem Resolution (ITIL)
  RPR Problem Diagnosis
  RPR is a problem diagnosis method specifically designed to determine the root cause of IT problems.- Overview :RPR deals with failures, incorrect output and performance issues, and its particular strengths are in the diagnosis of ongoing & recurring grey problems...
  
  
• remote diagnostics
  Remote diagnostics
  Remote diagnostics is the act of diagnosing a given symptom, issue or problem from a distance. Instead of the subject being colocated with the person or system doing the diagnostics, with remote diagnostics the subjects can be separated by physical distance...
  
  
• root cause analysis
  Root cause analysis
  Root cause analysis is a class of problem solving methods aimed at identifying the root causes of problems or events.Root Cause Analysis is any structured approach to identifying the factors that resulted in the nature, the magnitude, the location, and the timing of the harmful outcomes of one...
  
  
• troubleshooting
  Troubleshooting
  Troubleshooting is a form of problem solving, often applied to repair failed products or processes. It is a logical, systematic search for the source of a problem so that it can be solved, and so the product or process can be made operational again. Troubleshooting is needed to develop and...
  
  

Mathematics and logic

• Bayesian probability
  Bayesian probability
  Bayesian probability is one of the different interpretations of the concept of probability and belongs to the category of evidential probabilities. The Bayesian interpretation of probability can be seen as an extension of logic that enables reasoning with propositions, whose truth or falsity is...
  
  
• Hickam's dictum
  Hickam's dictum
  Hickam's dictum is a counterargument to the use of Occam's razor in the medical profession. The principle is commonly stated: "Patients can have as many diseases as they damn well please". The principle is attributed to John Hickam, MD...
  
  
• Occam's razor
  Occam's razor
  Occam's razor, also known as Ockham's razor, and sometimes expressed in Latin as lex parsimoniae , is a principle that generally recommends from among competing hypotheses selecting the one that makes the fewest new assumptions.-Overview:The principle is often summarized as "simpler explanations...
  
  
• Sutton's law
  Sutton's law
  Sutton's law states that when diagnosing, one should first consider the obvious. It suggests that one should first conduct those tests which could confirm the most likely diagnosis...
  
  
• Diagnostics in regression analysis (regression diagnostics)

Methods

• CDR system
  CDR Computerized Assessment System
  The CDR Computerized Assessment System is a computerized battery of cognitive tests designed in the late 1970s by Professor Keith Wesnes at the University of Reading in Berkshire, England, for repeated testing in clinical trails...
  
  
• Differential diagnosis
  Differential diagnosis
  A differential diagnosis is a systematic diagnostic method used to identify the presence of an entity where multiple alternatives are possible , and may also refer to any of the included candidate alternatives A differential diagnosis (sometimes abbreviated DDx, ddx, DD, D/Dx, or ΔΔ) is a...
  
  
• Medical diagnosis
  Medical diagnosis
  Medical diagnosis refers both to the process of attempting to determine or identify a possible disease or disorder , and to the opinion reached by this process...
  
  
• Retrospective diagnosis
  Retrospective diagnosis
  A retrospective diagnosis is the practice of identifying an illness in a historical figure using modern knowledge, methods and disease classifications...
  
  

Systems engineering

• Eight Disciplines Problem Solving
  Eight Disciplines Problem Solving
  Eight Disciplines Problem Solving is a method used to approach and to resolve problems, typically employed by quality engineers or other professionals.D0: The Planning Phase: Plan for solving the problem and determine the prerequisites....
  
  
• Five whys
  5 Whys
  The 5 Whys is a questions-asking method used to explore the cause/effect relationships underlying a particular problem. Ultimately, the goal of applying the 5 Whys method is to determine a root cause of a defect or problem.- Example :...
  
  
• Machine fault diagnosis
  Machine fault diagnosis
  Machine fault diagnosis is a field of Mechanical Engineering concerned with finding faults arising in machines. A particularly well developed part of it applies specifically to rotating machinery, one of the most common types encountered...
  
  
• Problem solving
  Problem solving
  Problem solving is a mental process and is part of the larger problem process that includes problem finding and problem shaping. Consideredthe most complex of all intellectual functions, problem solving has been defined as higher-order cognitive process that requires the modulation and control of...