Dinoprost
Encyclopedia
Prostaglandin
F2α (PGF2α in prostanoid
nomenclature) is pharmaceutically termed Dinoprost (INN
) is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used in medicine to induce labor
and as an abortifacient
.
In domestic mammals, it is produced by the uterus when stimulated by oxytocin
, in the event that there has been no implantation during the follicular phase. It acts on the corpus luteum
to cause luteolysis
, forming a corpus albicans
and stopping the production of progesterone. Action of PGF2α is dependent on the number of receptors on the corpus luteum membrane.
The PGF2α isoform 8-iso-PGF2α was found in significantly increased amounts in patients with endometriosis
, thus being a potential causative link in endometriosis-associated oxidative stress.
Prostaglandin
A prostaglandin is any member of a group of lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body. Every prostaglandin contains 20 carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring....
F2α (PGF2α in prostanoid
Prostanoid
Prostanoid is the term used to describe a subclass of eicosanoids consisting of: the prostaglandins , the thromboxanes and the prostacyclins - Biosynthesis : Cyclooxygenase catalyzes the conversion of the free essential fatty acids to...
nomenclature) is pharmaceutically termed Dinoprost (INN
International Nonproprietary Name
An International Nonproprietary Name is the official nonproprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as designated by the World Health Organization...
) is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used in medicine to induce labor
Induction (birth)
Labor induction is a method of artificially or prematurely stimulating childbirth in a woman.-Indications:Common suggested reasons for induction include:* Postterm pregnancy, i.e. if the pregnancy has gone past the 42 week mark....
and as an abortifacient
Abortifacient
An abortifacient is a substance that induces abortion. Abortifacients for animals that have mated undesirably are known as mismating shots....
.
In domestic mammals, it is produced by the uterus when stimulated by oxytocin
Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a mammalian hormone that acts primarily as a neuromodulator in the brain.Oxytocin is best known for its roles in sexual reproduction, in particular during and after childbirth...
, in the event that there has been no implantation during the follicular phase. It acts on the corpus luteum
Corpus luteum
The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in mammals, involved in production of relatively high levels of progesterone and moderate levels of estradiol and inhibin A...
to cause luteolysis
Luteolysis
Luteolysis is the structural and functional degradation of the corpus luteum , which occurs at the end of the luteal phase of both the estrous and menstrual cycles in the absence of pregnancy. In domestic animals, luteolysis is inititated by the hormones prostaglandin F2alpha and oxytocin...
, forming a corpus albicans
Corpus albicans
The corpus albicans is the regressed form of the corpus luteum. As the corpus luteum is being broken down by macrophages, fibroblasts lay down type I collagen, forming the corpus albicans. This process is called "luteolysis". The remains of the corpus albicans may persist as a scar on the surface...
and stopping the production of progesterone. Action of PGF2α is dependent on the number of receptors on the corpus luteum membrane.
The PGF2α isoform 8-iso-PGF2α was found in significantly increased amounts in patients with endometriosis
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a gynecological medical condition in which cells from the lining of the uterus appear and flourish outside the uterine cavity, most commonly on the ovaries. The uterine cavity is lined by endometrial cells, which are under the influence of female hormones...
, thus being a potential causative link in endometriosis-associated oxidative stress.