Dolinsk
Encyclopedia
Dolinsk is a town
in Sakhalin Oblast
, Russia
, the administrative center of Dolinsky District
. In Japanese
, it is known as Ochiai . Population: 12,555 (2002 Census
); 15,653 (1989 Census
).
, around 45 km north of the regional capital Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
, in the valley of the Naiba River and its tributaries. The coast of the Terpeniye Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk
is around 10 km from the town.
settlement Ziancha until 1884, when the Russian village of Galkino-Vraskoye was founded. The Treaty of Portsmouth
saw the town transferred to Japanese control in 1905, along with the rest of southern Sakhalin. The town was given machi (town) status by the Japanese, under the name Ochiai.
The Red Army
retook control of the whole of Sakhalin in 1945, during the closing stages of World War II
. In 1946, the town received its present name, roughly translating as town in the valley.
Since the 1940s, the town's population has decreased by more than half, from a high of 25,135 in 1941 down to its 2008 estimate of 11,589 inhabitants.
The main north-south Sakhalin railway connecting Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
with Nogliki
passes through the town.
Types of settlements in Russia
The classification system of the types of inhabited localities in Russia, the former Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states has certain peculiarities compared to the classification systems in other countries.-Modern classification in Russia:...
in Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast is a federal subject of Russia comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.The oblast has an area of 87,100 km² and a population of 546,695...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, the administrative center of Dolinsky District
Dolinsky District
Dolinsky District is an administrative district , one of the 17 in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia....
. In Japanese
Japanese language
is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic language family, which has a number of proposed relationships with other languages, none of which has gained wide acceptance among historical linguists .Japanese is an...
, it is known as Ochiai . Population: 12,555 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); 15,653 (1989 Census
Soviet Census (1989)
The 1989 Soviet census, conducted between January 12-19 of that year, was the last one conducted in the former USSR. It resulted in a total population of 286,730,819 inhabitants...
).
Geography
Dolinsk lies in the southeast of the island SakhalinSakhalin
Sakhalin or Saghalien, is a large island in the North Pacific, lying between 45°50' and 54°24' N.It is part of Russia, and is Russia's largest island, and is administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast...
, around 45 km north of the regional capital Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
, in the valley of the Naiba River and its tributaries. The coast of the Terpeniye Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk
Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, lying between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaidō to the far south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and...
is around 10 km from the town.
History
The present site of the town was the location of the AinuAinu people
The , also called Aynu, Aino , and in historical texts Ezo , are indigenous people or groups in Japan and Russia. Historically they spoke the Ainu language and related varieties and lived in Hokkaidō, the Kuril Islands, and much of Sakhalin...
settlement Ziancha until 1884, when the Russian village of Galkino-Vraskoye was founded. The Treaty of Portsmouth
Treaty of Portsmouth
The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine in the USA.-Negotiations:...
saw the town transferred to Japanese control in 1905, along with the rest of southern Sakhalin. The town was given machi (town) status by the Japanese, under the name Ochiai.
The Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
retook control of the whole of Sakhalin in 1945, during the closing stages of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. In 1946, the town received its present name, roughly translating as town in the valley.
Since the 1940s, the town's population has decreased by more than half, from a high of 25,135 in 1941 down to its 2008 estimate of 11,589 inhabitants.
Economy and infrastructure
Paper and machinery are produced in the town, with fishing and coal mining conducted in the surrounding area.The main north-south Sakhalin railway connecting Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
with Nogliki
Nogliki
Nogliki is an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Nogliksky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,854 ; -Geography:...
passes through the town.