Dudestii Noi
Encyclopedia
Dudeştii Noi is a commune in Timiş County
, Banat
, Romania
. It is composed of a single village, Dudeştii Noi, part of Becicherecu Mic
Commune until 2004, when it was split off.
ian moorland
as part of the Great Hungarian Plain
, 84–99 m above sea level
. The village has a population of 2,501, with 46 inhabitants per km² (both status 2008) on an area of 54 km², and is located off rural highway no. 6 Timişoara
–Sânnicolau Mare
, 13 km north-west of Timişoara
, with railway access since the end of the 19th century. Dudeştii Noi has continental climate
, with cold winters and hot summers, as well as short springs. The average annual temperature is 10.6 °C. The farmlands are highly fertile and have Loess
soil with a low water table
.
, Romans
, Goths
, Huns
, Gepids, Awards
, Serbs
, Slovenes, Mongols
and Turks
attacked or settled in the Banat
over the centuries while thrusting aside or annihilating each other in mutual confrontations. The name of the village, Bessenovo, originated from an earlier settlement by the Pechenegs. It was first documented in the papal registers in 1333. In 1551, the Ottomans entered the Banat. The occupation only ended when Prince Eugene of Savoy
and the Austria
n troops took Timişoara on October 13, 1756. By now the whole area had become depopulated, impoverished and marshy. In the Treaty of Passarowitz
the Banat of Temeswar
was subordinated to the Hofkammer in Vienna
as crown land of the Kaiser
on July 21, 1718. Field Marshal Claudius Florimund Count de Mercy was assigned in 1720 with the administration, reclamation and administration of the Banat. Initially he recruited immigrants predominantly from his native country Lorraine
for the province entrusted in his care. The Lorrainian Johann Oßwald, living in the Banat since 20 years already, recruited 60 German-Lorrainian families (290 souls) from the area around Mainz
and Trier
to settle in Beschenowa. 1748, as part of the Great Swabian Migrations of the Danube-Swabians, this first group of voluntary Imperial colonists arrived, most of which came on floats called Ulmer Schachtel traveling on the river Danube
from the German town of Ulm
for about two or three weeks. 1750 a further group of settlers arrived. The name of Neubeschenowa was adopted to distinguish the village from Altbeschenowa, Bulgarian Dudeştii Vechi
, also located in the Banat. Following the unrests by the Salpeters in the shire of Hauenstein
, Black Forest
, several families were deported by force and resettled in Neubeschenowa. Several decommissioned soldiers also settled in the community in 1763. The family of Habsburg-Lorraine signed over politically the Banat of Temeswar to Hungary
in 1778.
August 9, 1849 saw the deciding battle
of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848
close to Neubeschenowa. 30,000 soldiers of the Austrian army with 108 cannon
, led by Count Julius Jacob von Haynau
met at the Nyarad Creek the 55,000 soldiers and 108 cannon strong Hungarian army under the command of the Generals Henryk Dembiński
and Józef Bem
. The victory of the Austrian troops ended the siege
of Temeswars after 107 days, and the Banat becomes Austrian crown land once again. Following the Ausgleich
between Austria and Hungary in 1867, the Banat and Transylvania
come under Hungarian rule again. 325 emigrants left Neubeschenowa for North America 1906–1908, of which 65 returned later. The emigrants transferred 375,000 Kronen
back home.
During World War I
, 127 persons died or were missing in action
. Following the collapse of the k.u.k.
monarchy
, the Banat Republic
was proclaimed in 1918. In 1918–1919 (confirmed by the Treaty of Versailles
of 1919 and Treaty of Trianon
of 1920), most of the Banat and Neubeschenowa became now part of Romania. The first National Socialist
labour camp of the Hitler Youth
of Banat was held in Neubeschenowa during the summer of 1933. During World War II
, 37 men die in the service of the Romanian army, and 83 men in the German Army. After Romania changed sides and joined the Allies
, 19 families fled in September 1944, and all remaining inhabitants were evacuated to the neighbouring community of St. Andreas during September 29 – October 10. During the organised Expulsion of Germans from Romania after World War II, 297 men and women were deported for reconstruction works to Ukraine
in January and February 1945, of which 68 died in the coal mines as forced labourers. The remaining German population was expropriated. The first Romanian colonists arrived in July, and in 1947 almost every house in Neubeschenowa was occupied by Romanians. 1951–1956 saw the deportation
of 62 families to the Bărăgan Plain
to a makeshift shanty town
by the name of Bumbacâri http://www.uihei.com/BarMapA.jpg, north-east of Bucureşti, after the Soviet model of the Gulag
. 22 of the 170 deported did not return.
Following the Family Reunion Treaty between Germany
and Romania in 1978, and later after the fall of the Ceauşescu
regime in December 1989, most of the Danube Swabian
/German population of Neubeschenowa left in 2 large waves of emigration, mainly to Germany. The community participated actively in the events that led to the Romanian Revolution of 1989
. Since 2004, Alin Adrian Nica, member of the Partidul Naţional Liberal (PNL), is Mayor of Dudeştii Noi.
of the parish
was Saint Wendelin
. In 1751 the first cemetery was consecrated
. Since 1754, the parish celebrated the religious holidays of Saint Wendelin
of Trier, Saint Roch
of Montpellier
, Saint John of Nepomuk
, Saint Quirinus
of Tegernsee, and the Sacred Heart
of Jesus devotion
. 1764 acquisition of the first organ at a cost of 150 Guilder
. 1765 the first church bell
was cast
in Graz
, in the honour of Saint George
. 1767 saw the first church clock. 1780 the parish acquired three new church bells. 1784 both church and rectory were renovated. 1818 three new church bells were acquired, for 2,800 guilders.
In 1824 the foundation stone of the new rectory was laid. In 1832 a new organ was bought, cost: 5,000 guilders. In 1857 the metal Cross was placed in front of the church. Thieves looted the rectory in the same year and escaped with 1,074 guilders. The church was renovated again in 1997, but then damaged through bad weather during the summer of 1998. In 1838 a new cemetery was consecrated, followed by the construction of the Chapel
of Saint Roch in 1844.
, Germany. Holy Masses
are said and Church Services
are held during those gatherings, followed by traditional Church Consecration Festival (Kirchweih, Kerweih) dance presentations and parades in traditional costumes, to the tunes of traditional oompah
-style brass bands.
Timis County
Timiș , , Banat Bulgarian: ) is a county of western Romania, in the historical region Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the largest county in Romania in terms of land area....
, Banat
Banat
The Banat is a geographical and historical region in Central Europe currently divided between three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania , the western part in northeastern Serbia , and a small...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. It is composed of a single village, Dudeştii Noi, part of Becicherecu Mic
Becicherecu Mic
Becicherecu Mic is a commune in Romania, in Timiş County, Banat, near the city of Timişoara. It is composed of a single village, Becicherecu Mic...
Commune until 2004, when it was split off.
Geography
Dudeştii Noi is situated at the south-eastern part of the BanatBanat
The Banat is a geographical and historical region in Central Europe currently divided between three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania , the western part in northeastern Serbia , and a small...
ian moorland
Moorland
Moorland or moor is a type of habitat, in the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome, found in upland areas, characterised by low-growing vegetation on acidic soils and heavy fog...
as part of the Great Hungarian Plain
Great Hungarian Plain
The Great Hungarian Plain is a plain occupying the southern and eastern part of Hungary, some parts of the Eastern Slovak Lowland, southwestern Ukraine, the Transcarpathian Lowland , western Romania , northern Serbia , and eastern Croatia...
, 84–99 m above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
. The village has a population of 2,501, with 46 inhabitants per km² (both status 2008) on an area of 54 km², and is located off rural highway no. 6 Timişoara
Timisoara
Timișoara is the capital city of Timiș County, in western Romania. One of the largest Romanian cities, with an estimated population of 311,586 inhabitants , and considered the informal capital city of the historical region of Banat, Timișoara is the main social, economic and cultural center in the...
–Sânnicolau Mare
Sânnicolau Mare
Sânnicolau Mare is a town in Timiş County, Romania and the westernmost of the country. Located in the Banat region, along the borders with Serbia and Hungary, it has a population of just under 13,000...
, 13 km north-west of Timişoara
Timisoara
Timișoara is the capital city of Timiș County, in western Romania. One of the largest Romanian cities, with an estimated population of 311,586 inhabitants , and considered the informal capital city of the historical region of Banat, Timișoara is the main social, economic and cultural center in the...
, with railway access since the end of the 19th century. Dudeştii Noi has continental climate
Continental climate
Continental climate is a climate characterized by important annual variation in temperature due to the lack of significant bodies of water nearby...
, with cold winters and hot summers, as well as short springs. The average annual temperature is 10.6 °C. The farmlands are highly fertile and have Loess
Loess
Loess is an aeolian sediment formed by the accumulation of wind-blown silt, typically in the 20–50 micrometre size range, twenty percent or less clay and the balance equal parts sand and silt that are loosely cemented by calcium carbonate...
soil with a low water table
Water table
The water table is the level at which the submarine pressure is far from atmospheric pressure. It may be conveniently visualized as the 'surface' of the subsurface materials that are saturated with groundwater in a given vicinity. However, saturated conditions may extend above the water table as...
.
History
DaciansDacians
The Dacians were an Indo-European people, very close or part of the Thracians. Dacians were the ancient inhabitants of Dacia...
, Romans
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
, Goths
Goths
The Goths were an East Germanic tribe of Scandinavian origin whose two branches, the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths, played an important role in the fall of the Roman Empire and the emergence of Medieval Europe....
, Huns
Huns
The Huns were a group of nomadic people who, appearing from east of the Volga River, migrated into Europe c. AD 370 and established the vast Hunnic Empire there. Since de Guignes linked them with the Xiongnu, who had been northern neighbours of China 300 years prior to the emergence of the Huns,...
, Gepids, Awards
Eurasian Avars
The Eurasian Avars or Ancient Avars were a highly organized nomadic confederacy of mixed origins. They were ruled by a khagan, who was surrounded by a tight-knit entourage of nomad warriors, an organization characteristic of Turko-Mongol groups...
, Serbs
Serbs
The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
, Slovenes, Mongols
Mongols
Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia...
and Turks
Turkish people
Turkish people, also known as the "Turks" , are an ethnic group primarily living in Turkey and in the former lands of the Ottoman Empire where Turkish minorities had been established in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Romania...
attacked or settled in the Banat
Banat
The Banat is a geographical and historical region in Central Europe currently divided between three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania , the western part in northeastern Serbia , and a small...
over the centuries while thrusting aside or annihilating each other in mutual confrontations. The name of the village, Bessenovo, originated from an earlier settlement by the Pechenegs. It was first documented in the papal registers in 1333. In 1551, the Ottomans entered the Banat. The occupation only ended when Prince Eugene of Savoy
Prince Eugene of Savoy
Prince Eugene of Savoy , was one of the most successful military commanders in modern European history, rising to the highest offices of state at the Imperial court in Vienna. Born in Paris to aristocratic Italian parents, Eugene grew up around the French court of King Louis XIV...
and the Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n troops took Timişoara on October 13, 1756. By now the whole area had become depopulated, impoverished and marshy. In the Treaty of Passarowitz
Treaty of Passarowitz
The Treaty of Passarowitz or Treaty of Požarevac was the peace treaty signed in Požarevac , a town in Ottoman Empire , on 21 July 1718 between the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria and the Republic of Venice on the other.During the years 1714-1718, the Ottomans had...
the Banat of Temeswar
Banat of Temeswar
The Banat of Temeswar was a Habsburg province that existed between 1718 and 1778. It was located in the present day region of Banat, which was named after this province...
was subordinated to the Hofkammer in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
as crown land of the Kaiser
Kaiser
Kaiser is the German title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". Like the Russian Czar it is directly derived from the Latin Emperors' title of Caesar, which in turn is derived from the personal name of a branch of the gens Julia, to which Gaius Julius Caesar,...
on July 21, 1718. Field Marshal Claudius Florimund Count de Mercy was assigned in 1720 with the administration, reclamation and administration of the Banat. Initially he recruited immigrants predominantly from his native country Lorraine
Lorraine (province)
The Duchy of Upper Lorraine was an historical duchy roughly corresponding with the present-day northeastern Lorraine region of France, including parts of modern Luxembourg and Germany. The main cities were Metz, Verdun, and the historic capital Nancy....
for the province entrusted in his care. The Lorrainian Johann Oßwald, living in the Banat since 20 years already, recruited 60 German-Lorrainian families (290 souls) from the area around Mainz
Mainz
Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine and formed part of the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire...
and Trier
Trier
Trier, historically called in English Treves is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC....
to settle in Beschenowa. 1748, as part of the Great Swabian Migrations of the Danube-Swabians, this first group of voluntary Imperial colonists arrived, most of which came on floats called Ulmer Schachtel traveling on the river Danube
Danube
The Danube is a river in the Central Europe and the Europe's second longest river after the Volga. It is classified as an international waterway....
from the German town of Ulm
Ulm
Ulm is a city in the federal German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the River Danube. The city, whose population is estimated at 120,000 , forms an urban district of its own and is the administrative seat of the Alb-Donau district. Ulm, founded around 850, is rich in history and...
for about two or three weeks. 1750 a further group of settlers arrived. The name of Neubeschenowa was adopted to distinguish the village from Altbeschenowa, Bulgarian Dudeştii Vechi
Dudestii Vechi
Dudeştii Vechi is a commune in Timiş County, Romania...
, also located in the Banat. Following the unrests by the Salpeters in the shire of Hauenstein
Hauenstein
Hauenstein is a municipality in the Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Palatinate forest, approximately 20 km east of Pirmasens, and 20 km west of Landau....
, Black Forest
Black Forest
The Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
, several families were deported by force and resettled in Neubeschenowa. Several decommissioned soldiers also settled in the community in 1763. The family of Habsburg-Lorraine signed over politically the Banat of Temeswar to Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
in 1778.
August 9, 1849 saw the deciding battle
Battle of Temesvár
The Battle of Temesvár was a battle in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, fought on 9 August 1849 between the Austrian Empire and Hungarian Revolutionary Army supplemented by Polish volunteers. The Austrians were led by Julius Jacob von Haynau, while the Hungarians were led by Józef Bem who...
of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848
Hungarian Revolution of 1848
The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 was one of many of the European Revolutions of 1848 and closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas...
close to Neubeschenowa. 30,000 soldiers of the Austrian army with 108 cannon
Cannon
A cannon is any piece of artillery that uses gunpowder or other usually explosive-based propellents to launch a projectile. Cannon vary in caliber, range, mobility, rate of fire, angle of fire, and firepower; different forms of cannon combine and balance these attributes in varying degrees,...
, led by Count Julius Jacob von Haynau
Julius Jacob von Haynau
Julius Jacob von Haynau was an Austrian general.The illegitimate son of the landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, William I and Rebecca Richter, a Jewish woman, he entered the Austrian army as an infantry officer in 1801 and saw much service in the Napoleonic wars...
met at the Nyarad Creek the 55,000 soldiers and 108 cannon strong Hungarian army under the command of the Generals Henryk Dembiński
Henryk Dembinski
Henryk Dembiński was a Polish engineer, traveler and general.Dembiński was born in Strzałków, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. In 1809 he entered the Polish army of the Duchy of Warsaw and took part in most of the Napoleonic campaigns in the East. Among others, he took part in the Battle of Leipzig in...
and Józef Bem
Józef Bem
Józef Zachariasz Bem was a Polish general, an Ottoman Pasha and a national hero of Poland and Hungary, and a figure intertwined with other European nationalisms...
. The victory of the Austrian troops ended the siege
Siege
A siege is a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by attrition or assault. The term derives from sedere, Latin for "to sit". Generally speaking, siege warfare is a form of constant, low intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static...
of Temeswars after 107 days, and the Banat becomes Austrian crown land once again. Following the Ausgleich
Ausgleich
The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise re-established the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hungary, separate from and no longer subject to the Austrian Empire...
between Austria and Hungary in 1867, the Banat and Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
come under Hungarian rule again. 325 emigrants left Neubeschenowa for North America 1906–1908, of which 65 returned later. The emigrants transferred 375,000 Kronen
Austro-Hungarian krone
The Krone or korona was the official currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1892 until the dissolution of the empire in 1918...
back home.
During World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, 127 persons died or were missing in action
Missing in action
Missing in action is a casualty Category assigned under the Status of Missing to armed services personnel who are reported missing during active service. They may have been killed, wounded, become a prisoner of war, or deserted. If deceased, neither their remains nor grave can be positively...
. Following the collapse of the k.u.k.
K.u.k.
The German phrase kaiserlich und königlich , typically abbreviated as k. u. k., k. und k. , or k. & k., refers to the Court of the Habsburgs in a broader historical perspective . Some modern authors restrict its use to the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918...
monarchy
Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which the office of head of state is usually held until death or abdication and is often hereditary and includes a royal house. In some cases, the monarch is elected...
, the Banat Republic
Banat Republic
The Banat Republic was a short-lived state proclaimed in Timişoara on November 1, 1918, the day after the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Recognized only by Hungary, the republic was invaded by the army of neighboring Serbia on November 15...
was proclaimed in 1918. In 1918–1919 (confirmed by the Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of...
of 1919 and Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
of 1920), most of the Banat and Neubeschenowa became now part of Romania. The first National Socialist
National Socialist Party
Parties in various contexts have referred to themselves as National Socialist parties. Because there is no clear definition of national socialism, the term has been used to mean very different things...
labour camp of the Hitler Youth
Hitler Youth
The Hitler Youth was a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party. It existed from 1922 to 1945. The HJ was the second oldest paramilitary Nazi group, founded one year after its adult counterpart, the Sturmabteilung...
of Banat was held in Neubeschenowa during the summer of 1933. During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, 37 men die in the service of the Romanian army, and 83 men in the German Army. After Romania changed sides and joined the Allies
Allies of World War II
The Allies of World War II were the countries that opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War . Former Axis states contributing to the Allied victory are not considered Allied states...
, 19 families fled in September 1944, and all remaining inhabitants were evacuated to the neighbouring community of St. Andreas during September 29 – October 10. During the organised Expulsion of Germans from Romania after World War II, 297 men and women were deported for reconstruction works to Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
in January and February 1945, of which 68 died in the coal mines as forced labourers. The remaining German population was expropriated. The first Romanian colonists arrived in July, and in 1947 almost every house in Neubeschenowa was occupied by Romanians. 1951–1956 saw the deportation
Baragan deportations
The Bărăgan deportations were a large-scale action of penal transportation, undertaken during the 1950s by the Romanian Communist regime. Their aim was to forcibly relocate individuals who lived within approximately 25 km of the Yugoslav border to the Bărăgan Plain.-Reasons:After relations...
of 62 families to the Bărăgan Plain
Baragan Plain
The Bărăgan Plain is a steppe plain in south-eastern Romania. It makes up much of the eastern part of the Wallachian Plain. The region is known for its black soil and a rich humus, and is mostly a cereal-growing area....
to a makeshift shanty town
Shanty town
A shanty town is a slum settlement of impoverished people who live in improvised dwellings made from scrap materials: often plywood, corrugated metal and sheets of plastic...
by the name of Bumbacâri http://www.uihei.com/BarMapA.jpg, north-east of Bucureşti, after the Soviet model of the Gulag
Gulag
The Gulag was the government agency that administered the main Soviet forced labor camp systems. While the camps housed a wide range of convicts, from petty criminals to political prisoners, large numbers were convicted by simplified procedures, such as NKVD troikas and other instruments of...
. 22 of the 170 deported did not return.
Following the Family Reunion Treaty between Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
and Romania in 1978, and later after the fall of the Ceauşescu
Nicolae Ceausescu
Nicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian Communist politician. He was General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader...
regime in December 1989, most of the Danube Swabian
Danube Swabians
The Danube Swabians is a collective term for the German-speaking population who lived in the former Kingdom of Hungary, especially alongside the Danube River valley. Because of different developments within the territory settled, the Danube Swabians cannot be seen as a unified people...
/German population of Neubeschenowa left in 2 large waves of emigration, mainly to Germany. The community participated actively in the events that led to the Romanian Revolution of 1989
Romanian Revolution of 1989
The Romanian Revolution of 1989 was a series of riots and clashes in December 1989. These were part of the Revolutions of 1989 that occurred in several Warsaw Pact countries...
. Since 2004, Alin Adrian Nica, member of the Partidul Naţional Liberal (PNL), is Mayor of Dudeştii Noi.
Development of Population
| year | total | German | Romanian | Hungarian | other | of which Romanies (Gypsies) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 2,743 | 2,662 | 12 | 6 | 63 | 0 |
| 1900 | 2,857 | 2,677 | 78 | 50 | 52 | 0 |
| 1910 | 2,541 | 2,355 | 14 | 37 | 135 | 0 |
| 1920 | 2,456 | 2,291 | 0 | 19 | 146 | 0 |
| 1930 | 2,400 | 2,233 | 14 | 14 | 149 | 141 |
| 1941 | 2,309 | 2,108 | 36 | 20 | 145 | 140 |
| 1956 | 2,559 | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown |
| 1966 | 2,672 | 1,277 | 1,360 | 24 | 19 | 2 |
| 1977 | 2,658 | 1,177 | 1,359 | 39 | 143 | 133 |
| 1992 | 2,265 | 93 | 1,964 | 32 | 143 | 141 |
| 2006 | 2,414 | > 10 | unknown | unknown | unknown | > 200 families |
| 2007 | 2,469 | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown |
| 2008 | 2,501 | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown |
| 2009 | 2819 | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown |
Roman Catholic
In 1334 the first rectory was founded, which was restaurated in 1749. In 1750–1751 the church was built. Patron saintPatron saint
A patron saint is a saint who is regarded as the intercessor and advocate in heaven of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or person...
of the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
was Saint Wendelin
Wendelin of Trier
Saint Wendelin or Wendelin of Trier was a hermit and abbot.-Life:There is very little definite information about this saint. His earliest biographies , did not appear until after 1417. The story as told there is that Wendelin was the son of a Scottish king...
. In 1751 the first cemetery was consecrated
Consecration
Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service, usually religious. The word "consecration" literally means "to associate with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different groups...
. Since 1754, the parish celebrated the religious holidays of Saint Wendelin
Wendelin
Wendelin is a given name or surname, and may refer to:* Godefroy Wendelin , Flemish astronomer* Saint Wendelin of Trier , hermit and abbot* Wendelin Wiedeking , German businessman...
of Trier, Saint Roch
Roch
Saint Roch or Rocco ; lived c.1348 - 15/16 August 1376/79 was a Christian saint, a confessor whose death is commemorated on 16 August; he is specially invoked against the plague...
of Montpellier
Montpellier
-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
, Saint John of Nepomuk
John of Nepomuk
John of Nepomuk is a national saint of the Czech Republic, who was drowned in the Vltava river at the behest of Wenceslaus, King of the Romans and King of Bohemia. Later accounts state that he was the confessor of the queen of Bohemia and refused to divulge the secrets of the confessional...
, Saint Quirinus
Saint Quirinus
Saint Quirinus may refer to:* Quirinus of Neuss * Quirinus of Rome , also known as 'Quirinus of Tegernsee', relics at Tegernsee Abbey.* Quirinus of Sescia...
of Tegernsee, and the Sacred Heart
Sacred Heart
The Sacred Heart is one of the most famous religious devotions to Jesus' physical heart as the representation of His divine love for Humanity....
of Jesus devotion
Catholic devotions
A Roman Catholic devotion is a gift of oneself, or one's activities to God. It is a willingness and desire to dedicate oneself to serve God; either in terms of prayers or in terms of a set of pious acts such as the adoration of God or the veneration of the saints or the Virgin Mary.Roman Catholic...
. 1764 acquisition of the first organ at a cost of 150 Guilder
Guilder
Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch gulden — from Old Dutch for 'golden'. The guilder originated as a gold coin but has been a common name for a silver or base metal coin for some centuries...
. 1765 the first church bell
Church bell
A church bell is a bell which is rung in a church either to signify the hour or the time for worshippers to go to church, perhaps to attend a wedding, funeral, or other service...
was cast
Casting
In metalworking, casting involves pouring liquid metal into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowing it to cool and solidify. The solidified part is also known as a casting, which is ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process...
in Graz
Graz
The more recent population figures do not give the whole picture as only people with principal residence status are counted and people with secondary residence status are not. Most of the people with secondary residence status in Graz are students...
, in the honour of Saint George
Saint George
Saint George was, according to tradition, a Roman soldier from Syria Palaestina and a priest in the Guard of Diocletian, who is venerated as a Christian martyr. In hagiography Saint George is one of the most venerated saints in the Catholic , Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and the Oriental Orthodox...
. 1767 saw the first church clock. 1780 the parish acquired three new church bells. 1784 both church and rectory were renovated. 1818 three new church bells were acquired, for 2,800 guilders.
In 1824 the foundation stone of the new rectory was laid. In 1832 a new organ was bought, cost: 5,000 guilders. In 1857 the metal Cross was placed in front of the church. Thieves looted the rectory in the same year and escaped with 1,074 guilders. The church was renovated again in 1997, but then damaged through bad weather during the summer of 1998. In 1838 a new cemetery was consecrated, followed by the construction of the Chapel
Chapel
A chapel is a building used by Christians as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building,...
of Saint Roch in 1844.
Orthodox
In 1971 the church dedicated to Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki was constructed.Other sites
- 1834 a new school building was constructed by Wilhelm Quiring of Neu-Arad, cost: 2,439 guilders.
- 1915 a ZeppelinZeppelinA Zeppelin is a type of rigid airship pioneered by the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin in the early 20th century. It was based on designs he had outlined in 1874 and detailed in 1893. His plans were reviewed by committee in 1894 and patented in the United States on 14 March 1899...
hangarHangarA hangar is a closed structure to hold aircraft or spacecraft in protective storage. Most hangars are built of metal, but other materials such as wood and concrete are also sometimes used...
was built on the common grasslands of the community. After the retreat of the German troops the hangar was improperly demounted by civilians and, as a result, collapsed on May 15, 1919, causing several casualties and 5 dead.
Traditions
The Heimatortsgemeinschaft (HOG) Neubeschenowa, the Home Town Community, upholds the German traditions of Neubeschenowa. The goals of the association are to foster relations between original residents and fellow countrymen living abroad, as well as to preserve traditional customs. The community meets regularly since 1957, and biannually since 1981 in the area of AugsburgAugsburg
Augsburg is a city in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany. It is a university town and home of the Regierungsbezirk Schwaben and the Bezirk Schwaben. Augsburg is an urban district and home to the institutions of the Landkreis Augsburg. It is, as of 2008, the third-largest city in Bavaria with a...
, Germany. Holy Masses
Mass (liturgy)
"Mass" is one of the names by which the sacrament of the Eucharist is called in the Roman Catholic Church: others are "Eucharist", the "Lord's Supper", the "Breaking of Bread", the "Eucharistic assembly ", the "memorial of the Lord's Passion and Resurrection", the "Holy Sacrifice", the "Holy and...
are said and Church Services
Church service
In Christianity, a church service is a term used to describe a formalized period of communal worship, often but not exclusively occurring on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing seventh-day Sabbatarianism. The church service is the gathering together of Christians to be...
are held during those gatherings, followed by traditional Church Consecration Festival (Kirchweih, Kerweih) dance presentations and parades in traditional costumes, to the tunes of traditional oompah
Oom-pah
Oom-pah, Oompah or Umpapa is the rhythmical sound of a deep brass instrument in a band, a form of background ostinato.The oom-pah sound is usually made by the tuba alternating between the root of the chord and the 5th — this sound is said to be the oom...
-style brass bands.
Personalities
- Chiquita Mischke, Superintendent Haus Lebensquell :de:Chiquita Mischke
- Josef Nischbach, Professor of TheologyTheologyTheology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
, Vicar CapitularVicar capitularA diocesan administrator is a provisional ordinary of a Roman Catholic particular church. The college of consultors elects an administrator within eight days after the see is known to be vacant. The college must elect as administrator a priest or bishop at least 35 years old...
und Papal PrelatePrelateA prelate is a high-ranking member of the clergy who is an ordinary or who ranks in precedence with ordinaries. The word derives from the Latin prælatus, the past participle of præferre, which means "carry before", "be set above or over" or "prefer"; hence, a prelate is one set over others.-Related...
:de:Josef Nischbach - Johann Heinrich Schwicker, Hungaro-German Historian :de:Johann Heinrich Schwicker
- Ede TomoriEde TomoriEde Ignác Tomori was a Hungarian photographer.-Life and work:Tomori started his career as photographer in 1952, at the age of 32, at the Budapest Amateur Photo Club. He was appointed Club Secretary in 1957, General Secretary in 1960, and President in 1976...
Hungarian photographer
Literature
- Petri, Dr. Anton Peter - Neubeschenowa: Geschichte e. moselfränk. Gemeinde im rumän. Banat, Pannonia-Verlag, 1963
- Petri, Dr. Anton Peter, Biographisches Lexikon des Banater Deutschtums, 1992, 2198 Sp., Marquartstein (Th. Breit).
- Diplich, Hans - Deutsches Bauernleben im Banat. Hausbuch des Mathias Siebold aus Neubeschenowa, München, Südostdeutsches Kulturwerk 1957
- Chronik Neubeschenowa - Ein Banater Dorf im Wandel der Zeit
Sources
- ENG - Neubeschenowa in Banat
- ENG - History Neubeschenowa as per Dr. Anton Peter Petri
- GER - Virtuelles Neubeschenowa
- GER - BANATerra – Banat Enzyklopädie
- ROM - Comuna Dudeştii Noi