Duke of Chandos
Encyclopedia
The title Baron Chandos has been created twice in the Peerage of England
. It was first created in 1337 when Roger de Chandos was summoned to parliament. It became extinct on his death.
It was next created, with the precise form "Baron Chandos, of Sudeley in the county of Gloucester", in 1554 for John Brydges
, formerly MP
for Gloucestershire
. The three succeeding barons were all Members of Parliament and persons of some importance — see particularly Grey, 5th Baron
, and his elder son George, 6th Baron
. George had six daughters but no sons, and after the death of his brother William in 1676 the barony came to a kinsman, Sir James Brydges, Bart.
, who was English ambassador to Istanbul
from 1680 to 1685. The eighth baron's son, also James Brydges, was to become 1st Duke of Chandos. He was created Earl of Carnarvon
(second creation) in 1714 and Duke of Chandos in 1719. Subsidiary titles included Marquess of Carnarvon (1719) and Viscount Wilton (1714). All of these titles were in the Peerage of Great Britain
. The 1st Duke built an exceptionally grand country house called Cannons
that, though it was parodied in his lifetime, was a seat of great learning and culture: Handel
was the resident composer from 1717 until 1719. Cannons House was demolished by the second duke.
With the death of the third duke in 1789, the titles became extinct, and the barony became dormant. An attempt was made by Samuel Egerton Brydges
to claim the barony, initially on behalf of his older brother Revd Edward Tymewell Brydges and then on his own behalf. Litigation lasted from 1790 to 1803 before the claims were rejected, but Egerton Brydges continued to style himself per legem terrae Baron Chandos of Sudeley. It seems likely that not only was the claim groundless but that the evidence was forged.
Most sources read that the title went extinct upon the death of the 1st Lord, although other include a 2nd and 3rd Lord (his son and grandson) before the title went extinct. The presumed 2nd Lord Chandos was High Sheriff of Herefordshire
for 1359, 1370 and 1372 and the presumed 3rd Lord Chandos served the same office for 1382.
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
. It was first created in 1337 when Roger de Chandos was summoned to parliament. It became extinct on his death.
John Brydges, 1st Baron Chandos
John Brydges, 1st Baron Chandos was an English Member of Parliament and later peer. His name is also sometimes spelt Bruges....
, formerly MP
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Gloucestershire
Gloucestershire (UK Parliament constituency)
The constituency of Gloucestershire was a UK Parliamentary constituency. After it was abolished under the 1832 Electoral Reform Act, two new constituencies, West Gloucestershire and East Gloucestershire, were created....
. The three succeeding barons were all Members of Parliament and persons of some importance — see particularly Grey, 5th Baron
Grey Brydges, 5th Baron Chandos
Grey Brydges, 5th Baron Chandos was an English nobleman and courtier.-Early life:He was the only son of William Brydges, 4th Baron Chandos, who died on 18 November 1602, and Mary Hopton, who was daughter of Sir Owen Hopton. He was M.P. for Cricklade, in 1597.Brydges and his family were friendly...
, and his elder son George, 6th Baron
George Brydges, 6th Baron Chandos
George Brydges, 6th Baron Chandos was a supporter of Charles I of England during his struggle with Parliament, and distinguished himself at the first Battle of Newbury in 1643....
. George had six daughters but no sons, and after the death of his brother William in 1676 the barony came to a kinsman, Sir James Brydges, Bart.
James Brydges, 8th Baron Chandos
James Brydges, 8th Baron Chandos was English Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire.A graduate of St John's College, Oxford Brydges became 3rd Baronet, of Wilton, Herefordshire in 1651 and 8th Baron Chandos of Sudeley in 1686 following the death of his relative William Brydges.Lord Chandos had...
, who was English ambassador to Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
from 1680 to 1685. The eighth baron's son, also James Brydges, was to become 1st Duke of Chandos. He was created Earl of Carnarvon
Earl of Carnarvon
Earl of Carnarvon is a title that has been created three times in British history. The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1628 in favour of Robert Dormer, 2nd Baron Dormer. For more information on this creation, which became extinct in 1709, see the Baron Dormer.The title was created...
(second creation) in 1714 and Duke of Chandos in 1719. Subsidiary titles included Marquess of Carnarvon (1719) and Viscount Wilton (1714). All of these titles were in the Peerage of Great Britain
Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Act of Union 1707 but before the Act of Union 1800...
. The 1st Duke built an exceptionally grand country house called Cannons
Cannons (house)
Cannons was a stately home in Little Stanmore, Middlesex built for James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos between 1713 and 1724 at a cost of £200,000 but which in 1747 was razed and its contents dispersed....
that, though it was parodied in his lifetime, was a seat of great learning and culture: Handel
George Frideric Handel
George Frideric Handel was a German-British Baroque composer, famous for his operas, oratorios, anthems and organ concertos. Handel was born in 1685, in a family indifferent to music...
was the resident composer from 1717 until 1719. Cannons House was demolished by the second duke.
With the death of the third duke in 1789, the titles became extinct, and the barony became dormant. An attempt was made by Samuel Egerton Brydges
Samuel Egerton Brydges
Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges, 1st Baronet was an English bibliographer and genealogist. He was also Member of Parliament for Maidstone from 1812 to 1818....
to claim the barony, initially on behalf of his older brother Revd Edward Tymewell Brydges and then on his own behalf. Litigation lasted from 1790 to 1803 before the claims were rejected, but Egerton Brydges continued to style himself per legem terrae Baron Chandos of Sudeley. It seems likely that not only was the claim groundless but that the evidence was forged.
Barons Chandos, first creation (1337)
- Roger de Chandos, 1st Baron Chandos (d. 1353) was probably 1st Lord Chandos.
- Thomas Chandos, 2nd Baron Chandos (Claimant)
- John Chandos, 3rd Baron Chandos (Claimant)
Most sources read that the title went extinct upon the death of the 1st Lord, although other include a 2nd and 3rd Lord (his son and grandson) before the title went extinct. The presumed 2nd Lord Chandos was High Sheriff of Herefordshire
High Sheriff of Herefordshire
The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now...
for 1359, 1370 and 1372 and the presumed 3rd Lord Chandos served the same office for 1382.
Barons Chandos, second creation (1554)
- John Brydges, 1st Baron ChandosJohn Brydges, 1st Baron ChandosJohn Brydges, 1st Baron Chandos was an English Member of Parliament and later peer. His name is also sometimes spelt Bruges....
(1492–1557) is sometimes listed as de jure 7th Lord Chandos of the 1337 creation - Edmund Brydges, 2nd Baron ChandosEdmund Brydges, 2nd Baron ChandosEdmund Brydges, 2nd Baron Chandos was an English peer and politician. He was a Knight of the Garter, Baron Chandos, Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire and Vice-Admiral of Gloucestershire.-Life:...
(bef. 1522–1573) eldest son of the 1st Baron - Giles Brydges, 3rd Baron ChandosGiles Brydges, 3rd Baron ChandosGiles Brydges, 3rd Baron Chandos of Sudeley was an English courtier in the reign of Elizabeth I.He was born at Sudeley Manor, Gloucestershire, the son of Edmund Brydges, 2nd Baron Chandos and his wife Dorothy Bray...
(1548–1594), elder son of the 2nd Baron, died without male issue - William Brydges, 4th Baron ChandosWilliam Brydges, 4th Baron ChandosWilliam Brydges, 4th Baron Chandos was an English peer and politician.He was Baron Chandos, Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire and Member of Parliament for Cricklade....
(c. 1552–1602), younger son of the 2nd Baron - Grey Brydges, 5th Baron ChandosGrey Brydges, 5th Baron ChandosGrey Brydges, 5th Baron Chandos was an English nobleman and courtier.-Early life:He was the only son of William Brydges, 4th Baron Chandos, who died on 18 November 1602, and Mary Hopton, who was daughter of Sir Owen Hopton. He was M.P. for Cricklade, in 1597.Brydges and his family were friendly...
(c. 1581–1621), only son of the 4th Baron - George Brydges, 6th Baron ChandosGeorge Brydges, 6th Baron ChandosGeorge Brydges, 6th Baron Chandos was a supporter of Charles I of England during his struggle with Parliament, and distinguished himself at the first Battle of Newbury in 1643....
(1620–1655), elder son of the 5th Baron, died without male issue - William Brydges, 7th Baron Chandos (d. 1676), younger son of the 5th Baron, died without male issue
- James Brydges, 8th Baron ChandosJames Brydges, 8th Baron ChandosJames Brydges, 8th Baron Chandos was English Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire.A graduate of St John's College, Oxford Brydges became 3rd Baronet, of Wilton, Herefordshire in 1651 and 8th Baron Chandos of Sudeley in 1686 following the death of his relative William Brydges.Lord Chandos had...
(1642–1714), great-great-grandson of the 1st Baron - James Brydges, 9th Baron ChandosJames Brydges, 1st Duke of ChandosJames Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos, MP, PC was the first of fourteen children by Sir James Brydges, 3rd Baronet of Wilton Castle, Sheriff of Herefordshire, 8th Baron Chandos; and Elizabeth Barnard...
(1674–1744) (created Earl of Carnarvon in 1714 and Duke of Chandos in 1719)
Dukes of Chandos (1719)
- James Brydges, 1st Duke of ChandosJames Brydges, 1st Duke of ChandosJames Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos, MP, PC was the first of fourteen children by Sir James Brydges, 3rd Baronet of Wilton Castle, Sheriff of Herefordshire, 8th Baron Chandos; and Elizabeth Barnard...
(1674–1744), eldest son of the 8th Baron- John Brydges, Marquess of Carnarvon (1703–1727), elder son of the 1st Duke, died without male issue
- Henry Brydges, 2nd Duke of ChandosHenry Brydges, 2nd Duke of ChandosHenry Brydges, 2nd Duke of Chandos, MP , known from 1727 to 1744 by his courtesy title Marquess of Carnarvon, was the second son of James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos PC and his first wife Mary Lake...
(1708–1771), younger son of the 1st Duke - James Brydges, 3rd Duke of ChandosJames Brydges, 3rd Duke of ChandosJames Brydges, 3rd Duke of Chandos PC , styled Marquess of Carnarvon from 1744 to 1771, was a British peer and politician.-Background:...
(1731–1789), only son of the 2nd Duke, died without male issue. The barony went either abeyant, dormant or extinct and the other titles extinct.
- The 3rd Duke's son-in-law, the 2nd Marquess of Buckingham, was created Duke of Buckingham and Chandos in 1822.