Duong Tam Kha
Encyclopedia
Dương Tam Kha was King of Vietnam
during the short time from 944 to 950 in the Ngô Dynasty
.
), he was named Dương Thiệu Hồng (楊紹洪). Some historians said that he was the third son of Dương Đình Nghệ, after Dương Nhất Kha and Dương Nhị Kha.
in the area of Aichau (now Thanh Hoa province). In the year 931, Dương Đình Nghệ defeated Ly Khắc Chính and Ly Tiến, took up the capital of Đại La (former name of Hanoi), professed himself as “Tiết độ sứ” (equivalent to Lord Protector), a handle established by Chinese government to rule Giao Chỉ, a district covered most northern area of Vietnam today. Dương Tam Kha became a subordinate general of his father.
Six years later, Kiều Công Tiễn, also a general of Dương Đình Nghệ, mutinied and killed his master in order to replace Dương Đình Nghệ as “Tiết Độ Sứ”. In 938, Ngô Quyền
, son-in-law and also former general of Dương Đình Nghệ defeated the potency of Kiều Công Tiễn and also killed him. After that, Dương Tam Kha follow Ngô Quyền as his general. Some historic books said that he and Ngô Xương Ngập, son of Ngô Quyền, led the army to defeat Kiều Công Tiễn in Đại La.
As the Ngô Quyền’s campaign was being developed, Kiều Công Tiễn sent the envoys to Southern Han to petition for sending army to help himself. King of Southern Han, Liu Yan
, dispatched his son, Liu Hung-ts’ao to lead an infantry army to help Kiều Công Tiễn, he also led a different army to supply his son. But Kiều Công Tiễn was killed before this army arrived. In the November of 938, at the Battle of Bạch Đằng, the army was defeated by Ngô Quyền, Liu Hung-ts’ao was killed. Dương Tam Kha participated in this campaign.
) and was concealed by a leader of area “hào trưởng” named Phạm Lệnh Công. “Hào trưởng” is a title named for a men who is lead his kin and also a large area around his fee. He has a power to own his army. We also know that Dương Đình Nghệ was merely a “hào trưởng” before he defeated Southern Han army and liberated Đại La capital. Phạm Lệnh Công threefold conducted Ngô Xương Ngập to the deep forest to elude the battle of Dương Tam Kha. Thanks to his efforts, Ngô Xương Ngập was in safety. Afterward, Dương Tam Kha adopted the second son of Ngô Quyền. During the time of his reign, he kept the nation going through a flat and stable way, stimulated the exploitation in new areas.
In 950, Dương Tam Kha forced Ngô Xương Văn to quell the rebellion in Thai Binh province
but he turn his army to dethrone Dương Tam Kha. Despite the fact that Dương Tam Kha dethroned his brother after the demise of his father, Ngô Xương Văn did not kill him, but degraded him to “Envoy of Chương Dương”.
two-dynasty empress and till lived when she married Đinh Tiên Hoàng in 966.
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
during the short time from 944 to 950 in the Ngô Dynasty
Ngô Dynasty
The Ngô dynasty was a dynasty in Vietnam.Around the year 930 AD, as Ngô Quyền rose to power, northern Vietnam was militarily occupied by Southern Han and was treated as an autonomous province and vassal state of China and was referred to as Giao Chỉ...
.
Early years
Dương Tam Kha was one of Dương Đình Nghệ's sons, brother of Ngô Quyền’s wife, empress Dương. According to “Đại Việt sử lược” (大越史略) (abridged historic book of Great Viet), his birth-name was Dương Chủ Tướng (楊主將), but according to “Tống sử” (宋史, History of the Song DynastySong Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279; it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, and was followed by the Yuan Dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a...
), he was named Dương Thiệu Hồng (楊紹洪). Some historians said that he was the third son of Dương Đình Nghệ, after Dương Nhất Kha and Dương Nhị Kha.
Subordinate general period
He was a subordinate general of Khúc HạoKhúc Hạo
Khúc Hạo was the Vietnamese Jiedushi of Tĩnh Hải quân from 907 to 917 succeeding his father Khúc Thừa Dụ. During his reign, Khúc Hạo made several important social and administrative reforms including a new system of administrative division, the levelling of cultivated land tax and the abolishment...
in the area of Aichau (now Thanh Hoa province). In the year 931, Dương Đình Nghệ defeated Ly Khắc Chính and Ly Tiến, took up the capital of Đại La (former name of Hanoi), professed himself as “Tiết độ sứ” (equivalent to Lord Protector), a handle established by Chinese government to rule Giao Chỉ, a district covered most northern area of Vietnam today. Dương Tam Kha became a subordinate general of his father.
Six years later, Kiều Công Tiễn, also a general of Dương Đình Nghệ, mutinied and killed his master in order to replace Dương Đình Nghệ as “Tiết Độ Sứ”. In 938, Ngô Quyền
Ngo Quyen
Ngô Quyền was a Vietnamese prefect and general during the Southern Han Dynasty occupation of Giao Châu in the Red River Valley in what is now northern Vietnam...
, son-in-law and also former general of Dương Đình Nghệ defeated the potency of Kiều Công Tiễn and also killed him. After that, Dương Tam Kha follow Ngô Quyền as his general. Some historic books said that he and Ngô Xương Ngập, son of Ngô Quyền, led the army to defeat Kiều Công Tiễn in Đại La.
As the Ngô Quyền’s campaign was being developed, Kiều Công Tiễn sent the envoys to Southern Han to petition for sending army to help himself. King of Southern Han, Liu Yan
Liu Yan (Southern Han)
Liu Yan was King of Nanhan, China and later declared himself the emperor of the Southern Han Kingdom during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China.-Rise to power:...
, dispatched his son, Liu Hung-ts’ao to lead an infantry army to help Kiều Công Tiễn, he also led a different army to supply his son. But Kiều Công Tiễn was killed before this army arrived. In the November of 938, at the Battle of Bạch Đằng, the army was defeated by Ngô Quyền, Liu Hung-ts’ao was killed. Dương Tam Kha participated in this campaign.
Mutiny and accession
In 944, before his death, Ngô Quyền had Dương Tam Kha become regent for his son, Ngô Xương Ngập. But, after the demise of Ngô Quyền, he forced his nephew-in-law to abdicate and installed himself as king, calling himself "King of Pacification Dương." Ngô Xương Ngập fled to Trà Hưong village (modern Hai Duong ProvinceHai Duong Province
Hải Dương is a province in the Red River Delta of northern Vietnam. Its name derives from Sino-Vietnamese , meaning "ocean", though in fact, the province is landlocked.-Geography of Hai Duong:...
) and was concealed by a leader of area “hào trưởng” named Phạm Lệnh Công. “Hào trưởng” is a title named for a men who is lead his kin and also a large area around his fee. He has a power to own his army. We also know that Dương Đình Nghệ was merely a “hào trưởng” before he defeated Southern Han army and liberated Đại La capital. Phạm Lệnh Công threefold conducted Ngô Xương Ngập to the deep forest to elude the battle of Dương Tam Kha. Thanks to his efforts, Ngô Xương Ngập was in safety. Afterward, Dương Tam Kha adopted the second son of Ngô Quyền. During the time of his reign, he kept the nation going through a flat and stable way, stimulated the exploitation in new areas.
In 950, Dương Tam Kha forced Ngô Xương Văn to quell the rebellion in Thai Binh province
Thai Binh Province
Thái Bình is a coastal eastern province in the Red River Delta region of northern Vietnam, named after the Vietnamese name for the Pacific Ocean: Thái Bình Dương...
but he turn his army to dethrone Dương Tam Kha. Despite the fact that Dương Tam Kha dethroned his brother after the demise of his father, Ngô Xương Văn did not kill him, but degraded him to “Envoy of Chương Dương”.
Later years
He spent his later years reclaiming new land called Giao Thủy with his family and follower. Some historic evidence showed that he was the father of Dương Vân NgaDương Vân Nga
Dương Vân Nga was the only empress dowager of the Đinh Dynasty and afterwards empress of Lê Đại Hành, the first emperor of the Early Lê Dynasty. When her husband Đinh Tiên Hoàng was assassinated in 979, Dương Vân Nga became the Empress Dowager of the Đinh Dynasty as her son Đinh Phế Đế succeeded...
two-dynasty empress and till lived when she married Đinh Tiên Hoàng in 966.